澳门居民对自由行政策支持意向研究:地方依恋的调节作用
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摘要
居民态度是影响旅游地持续发展的关键因素。借助态度ABC模型的标准学习层级理论,运用结构方程模型研究澳门居民对自由行政策支持意向的形成机理,并对地方依恋在其中的调节作用进行验证。结果表明:澳门居民对自由行政策支持意向主要受正面影响感知和积极情感的影响;对自由行政策的经济与社会作用感知能激发澳门居民对旅游发展的满意感,并抑制其对内地自由行游客的厌恶感;社会成本感知将导致澳门居民对自由行游客的厌恶感,居民满意感对其支持意向有显著正向影响;地方依恋在澳门居民态度形成过程中发挥部分调节作用。根据研究结论,提出了提升澳门居民对自由行政策支持意向的管理举措。
With the aid of the standard learning level theory of attitude ABC model, the structural equation model is used to study the formation mechanism of Macao residents' support intention towards independent visitor scheme and to verify the moderating role of place attachment. The results show that Macao residents' support intention towards independent visitor scheme is mainly affected by positive influence perception and positive emotion, residents' perception of the economic and social effect of the independent visitor scheme can stimulate the residents' sense of satisfaction with the development of tourism and inhibit the disgust of independent visitor, and the social cost perception can stimulate residents' sense of disgust for independent visitor,residents' satisfaction has a significant positive effect on their supportive behavior intention, and place attachment plays a part of moderating role in the process of Macao residents' attitude formation. According to the research conclusion, we put forward some management measures to enhance the residents' support intention to independent visitor scheme.
With the aid of the standard learning level theory of attitude ABC model, the structural equation model is used to study the formation mechanism of Macao residents' support intention towards independent visitor scheme and to verify the moderating role of place attachment. The results show that Macao residents' support intention towards independent visitor scheme is mainly affected by positive influence perception and positive emotion, residents' perception of the economic and social effect of the independent visitor scheme can stimulate the residents' sense of satisfaction with the development of tourism and inhibit the disgust of independent visitor, and the social cost perception can stimulate residents' sense of disgust for independent visitor,residents' satisfaction has a significant positive effect on their supportive behavior intention, and place attachment plays a part of moderating role in the process of Macao residents' attitude formation. According to the research conclusion, we put forward some management measures to enhance the residents' support intention to independent visitor scheme.
引文
[1]澳门特别行政区政府旅游局.旅游业概览.澳门:澳门特别行政区政府旅游局,2016.
[2]赵玉宗,李东和,黄明丽.国外旅游地居民旅游感知和态度研究综述.旅游学刊,2005,20(4):85-92.
[3]毛艳华,刘小飞.“自由行”政策对澳门经济影响的评价.旅游学刊,2016,31(12):28-40.
[4]柳智毅.内地游客对澳门经济影响的相关度分析.学术研究,2009(3):102-105.
[5] Ap J. Residents'perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 1992, 19(4):665-690.
[6] Lankford S V, Howard D R. Developing a tourism impact attitude scale. Annals of Tourism Research,1994,21(1):121-139.
[7] Nunkoo R, Gursoy D. Residents’support for tourism:An Identity Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research,2012,39(1):243-268.
[8]马先明,姜丽红.态度及其与行为模式述评.社会心理科学,2006(3):7-10.
[9]梁娟,范晓玲.态度研究的过去、现在和未来.法制与社会,2008(11):297-298.
[10]杨一翁,孙国辉,陶晓波.国家目的地形象和出境旅游意向.经济管理,2017(4):143-158.
[11]李琪,王璐瑶.基于ABC态度模型的消费者重复购买意愿研究.商业研究,2016,62(11):17-23.
[12]王忠福.旅游目的地居民旅游感知影响因素研究.大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[13]王莉,陆林.国外旅游地居民对旅游影响的感知与态度研究综述及启示.旅游学刊,2005,20(3):87-93.
[14]吴丽敏.文化古镇旅游地居民“情感—行为”特征及其形成机理.南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[15]范莉娜.民族村寨居民文化适应及其对旅游支持行为意愿的影响——以黔东南侗族村寨为例.杭州:浙江大学,2016.
[16] Perdue R, Long P, Allen L. Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of tourism Research,1987,14(3):420—429.
[17]朱鹏,谢小平,刘文杰.基于结构方程模型的敦煌居民对旅游开发态度分析.地理科学研究,2012(1),24-30.
[18]汪侠,甄峰,吴小根.旅游开发的居民满意度驱动因素———以广西阳朔县为例.地理研究,2010,29(5):841-851.
[19]卢小丽.居民旅游影响感知、态度与参与行为研究.科研管理,2012,33(10):138-144.
[20]史春云,韩宝平,刘泽华,等.旅游地居民感知与态度的比较研究——以九寨沟、庐山和周庄为例.经济地理,2010,30(8):1400-1407.
[21] Frijda N H. The emotions. Cambridge University Press, Editions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme,1986.
[22]王咏,陆林.基于社会交换理论的社区旅游支持度模型及应用——以黄山风景区门户社区为例.地理学报,2014,69(10):1557-1574.
[23] Williams D R, Vaske J J. The measurement of place attachment:validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach. Forest Science,2004,49(49):830-840.
[24] Scannell L, Gifford R. Defining place attachment:A tripartite organizing framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2010,30(1):1-10.
[25] Williams D R, Patterson M E, Roggenbuck J W, et al. Beyond the commodity metaphor:Examining emotional and symbolic attachment to place. Leisure Sciences,1992,14(1):29-46.
[26]尹立杰,张捷,韩国圣,等.基于地方感视角的乡村居民旅游影响感知研究———以安徽省天堂寨为例.地理研究,2012,31(10):1916-1926.
[27]唐文跃,张捷,罗浩,等.古村落居民地方依恋与资源保护态度的关系———以西递、宏村、南屏为例.旅游学刊,2008,23(10):87-92.
[28] Shen H, Li X, Luo J M, et al. One country, two strata:Implications of social and cultural conflicts of Chinese outbound tourism to Hong Kong. Journal of Destination Marketing&Management,2016,46(7):261-265.
(1)根据澳门和香港旅游局公布的2016年接待内地游客的数据计算所得。
(2)根据澳门统计局公布的2011年人口普查数据计算所得。
[2]赵玉宗,李东和,黄明丽.国外旅游地居民旅游感知和态度研究综述.旅游学刊,2005,20(4):85-92.
[3]毛艳华,刘小飞.“自由行”政策对澳门经济影响的评价.旅游学刊,2016,31(12):28-40.
[4]柳智毅.内地游客对澳门经济影响的相关度分析.学术研究,2009(3):102-105.
[5] Ap J. Residents'perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 1992, 19(4):665-690.
[6] Lankford S V, Howard D R. Developing a tourism impact attitude scale. Annals of Tourism Research,1994,21(1):121-139.
[7] Nunkoo R, Gursoy D. Residents’support for tourism:An Identity Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research,2012,39(1):243-268.
[8]马先明,姜丽红.态度及其与行为模式述评.社会心理科学,2006(3):7-10.
[9]梁娟,范晓玲.态度研究的过去、现在和未来.法制与社会,2008(11):297-298.
[10]杨一翁,孙国辉,陶晓波.国家目的地形象和出境旅游意向.经济管理,2017(4):143-158.
[11]李琪,王璐瑶.基于ABC态度模型的消费者重复购买意愿研究.商业研究,2016,62(11):17-23.
[12]王忠福.旅游目的地居民旅游感知影响因素研究.大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[13]王莉,陆林.国外旅游地居民对旅游影响的感知与态度研究综述及启示.旅游学刊,2005,20(3):87-93.
[14]吴丽敏.文化古镇旅游地居民“情感—行为”特征及其形成机理.南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[15]范莉娜.民族村寨居民文化适应及其对旅游支持行为意愿的影响——以黔东南侗族村寨为例.杭州:浙江大学,2016.
[16] Perdue R, Long P, Allen L. Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of tourism Research,1987,14(3):420—429.
[17]朱鹏,谢小平,刘文杰.基于结构方程模型的敦煌居民对旅游开发态度分析.地理科学研究,2012(1),24-30.
[18]汪侠,甄峰,吴小根.旅游开发的居民满意度驱动因素———以广西阳朔县为例.地理研究,2010,29(5):841-851.
[19]卢小丽.居民旅游影响感知、态度与参与行为研究.科研管理,2012,33(10):138-144.
[20]史春云,韩宝平,刘泽华,等.旅游地居民感知与态度的比较研究——以九寨沟、庐山和周庄为例.经济地理,2010,30(8):1400-1407.
[21] Frijda N H. The emotions. Cambridge University Press, Editions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme,1986.
[22]王咏,陆林.基于社会交换理论的社区旅游支持度模型及应用——以黄山风景区门户社区为例.地理学报,2014,69(10):1557-1574.
[23] Williams D R, Vaske J J. The measurement of place attachment:validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach. Forest Science,2004,49(49):830-840.
[24] Scannell L, Gifford R. Defining place attachment:A tripartite organizing framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2010,30(1):1-10.
[25] Williams D R, Patterson M E, Roggenbuck J W, et al. Beyond the commodity metaphor:Examining emotional and symbolic attachment to place. Leisure Sciences,1992,14(1):29-46.
[26]尹立杰,张捷,韩国圣,等.基于地方感视角的乡村居民旅游影响感知研究———以安徽省天堂寨为例.地理研究,2012,31(10):1916-1926.
[27]唐文跃,张捷,罗浩,等.古村落居民地方依恋与资源保护态度的关系———以西递、宏村、南屏为例.旅游学刊,2008,23(10):87-92.
[28] Shen H, Li X, Luo J M, et al. One country, two strata:Implications of social and cultural conflicts of Chinese outbound tourism to Hong Kong. Journal of Destination Marketing&Management,2016,46(7):261-265.
(1)根据澳门和香港旅游局公布的2016年接待内地游客的数据计算所得。
(2)根据澳门统计局公布的2011年人口普查数据计算所得。