冷却模式对集装箱用耐候钢力学性能的影响
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摘要
利用显微组织分析、力学性能测试和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析等手段系统地研究了轧后冷却模式对集装箱用耐候钢SPA-H显微组织演变、力学性能变化的影响,并对相关相变机制和力学性能改善的机理进行了探讨。结果表明,当卷取温度不变,轧后冷却模式由前端冷却改为适当空冷后末端冷却后,显微组织中珠光体相变受到抑制,铁素体含量增加。钢板屈服强度、屈强比明显下降,拉伸应变硬化指数n值显著下降。采用末端冷却模式,由于应变诱导铁素体形核和长大的时间充足,使变形奥氏体大部分转变为铁素体组织,组织细化程度提高。钢的强化机制由珠光体强化转变为铁素体细晶强化,是力学性能改善的关键。
Influence of cooling mode on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of weathering steel SPA-H for container was studied by microstructure analysis, mechanical test and electron back scattering diffraction( EBSD), related mechanisms of phase transformation and mechanical property improvement were also discussed. The results show that when the coiling temperature is constant,the ferrite transformation is enhanced while the pearlite transformation is suppressed when the after-rolling cooling is delayed from front cooling to after proper air cooling then water cooling. Correspondingly,the yield strength,yield ratio and the tensile strain hardening exponent decease significantly. When the cooling mode is as-above adjusted,most of the deformed austenite is transformed into ferrite with the microstructure is refined due to extension of the nucleation and growth incubation period of strain induced ferrite. The critical factor about the mechanical properties optimization of the steel can be attributed to the ferrite refinement mechanism while pearlite transformation is suppressed.
Influence of cooling mode on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of weathering steel SPA-H for container was studied by microstructure analysis, mechanical test and electron back scattering diffraction( EBSD), related mechanisms of phase transformation and mechanical property improvement were also discussed. The results show that when the coiling temperature is constant,the ferrite transformation is enhanced while the pearlite transformation is suppressed when the after-rolling cooling is delayed from front cooling to after proper air cooling then water cooling. Correspondingly,the yield strength,yield ratio and the tensile strain hardening exponent decease significantly. When the cooling mode is as-above adjusted,most of the deformed austenite is transformed into ferrite with the microstructure is refined due to extension of the nucleation and growth incubation period of strain induced ferrite. The critical factor about the mechanical properties optimization of the steel can be attributed to the ferrite refinement mechanism while pearlite transformation is suppressed.
引文
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[20] Lehto P,Remes H,Saukkonen T,et al. Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall-Petch relationship of welded structural steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2014,592:28-39.
[21]王健,朱伟,刘荣杰,等.变形和冷却工艺对X70HD管线钢形变诱导铁素体相变的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):113-118.Wang Jian,Zhu Wei,Liu Rongjie,et al. Influence of deformation and cooling process on deformation induced ferrite transformation for X70pipeline steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2017, 42(2):113-118.
[22]韩广杰,郭明仪,阮士朋,等.微合金化SWRCH6A钢的连续冷却转变曲线[J].金属热处理,2017,42(4):46-49.Han Guangjie,Guo Mingyi,Ruan Shipeng,et al. Continuous cooling transformation curve of micro-alloyed SWRCH6A steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(4):46-49.
[2]Xu Y,Zhang W N,Sun M X,et al. The blocking effects of interphase precipitation on dislocations'movement in Ti-bearing micro-alloyed steels[J]. Materials Letters,2015,139:177-181.
[3]Bu F Z,Wang X M,Chen L,et al. Influence of cooling rate on the precipitation behavior in Ti-Nb-Mo micro alloyed steels during continuous cooling and relationship to strength[J]. Materials Characterization,2015,102:146-155.
[4]索志光,李大赵,白韶斌,等. TMCP工艺下卷取温度对低碳低合金高强钢冲击性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):134-140.Suo Zhiguang,Li Dazhao,Bai Shaobin. Effect of coiling temperature on impact property of HSLA steel with TMCP process[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(2):134-140.
[5]刘宗昌,计云萍,任慧平,等.碳含量对铬钼钢贝氏体组织形貌的影响[J].热处理,2008,23(4):19-25.Liu Zongchang,Ji Yunping,Ren Huiping,et al. Effect of carbon content on bainite microstructure of chromium-molybdenum steels[J].Heat Treatment,2008,23(4):19-25.
[6]Gao G H,Zhang H,Gui X L,et al. Enhanced ductility and toughness in an ultrahigh-strength Mn-Si-Cr-C steel:The great potential of ultrafine filmy retained austenite[J]. Acta Materialia,2014,76:425-433.
[7]Tan Z L,Wang K K,Gao G H,et al. Mechanical properties of steels treated by Q-P-T process incorporating carbide-free-bainite/martensite multiphase microstructure[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2014,21(2):191-196.
[8] Fan L,Zhou D,Wang T,et al. Tensile properties of an acicular ferrite and martensite/austenite constituent steel with varying cooling rates[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2014, 590:224-231.
[9] Zhang Y Q,Zhang H Q,Liu W M,et al. Effects of Nb on microstructure and continuous cooling transformation of coarse grain heat-affected zone in 610MPa class high-strength low-alloy structural steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2009,499(1/2):182-186.
[10]Show B K,Veerababu R,Balamuralikrishnan R,et al. Effect of vanadium and titanium modification on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a microalloyed HSLA steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2010,527(6):1595-1604.
[11] Hyo K S,Lee D H,Sang Y S,et al. Effect of finish cooling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of highstrength bainitic steels containing Cr, Mo, and B[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2015,624:14-22.
[12]孙乐飞,王福明,陶素芬,等.机车车轮用钢奥氏体晶粒的长大行为[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(3):301-307.Sun Lefei,Wang Fuming,Tao Sufen,et al. Austenite grain growth behavior of locomotive wheel steel[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(3):301-307.
[13]Kong X W,Lan L Y. Optimization of mechanical properties of low carbon bainitic steel using TMCP and accelerated cooling[J].Procedia Engineering,2014,81:114-119.
[14]Olasolo M,Uranga P,Rodriguez-Ibabe J M,et al. Effect of austenite microstructure and cooling rate on transformation characteristics in a low carbon Nb-V microalloyed steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2011,528(6):2559-2569.
[15]刘艳丽,安治国,黄艳新.不同冷速对55SiMnMo钎具钢过冷奥氏体转变的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):131-134.Liu Yanli,An Zhiguo,Huang Yanxin. Effects of cooling rate on phase transformation of austenite in 55SiMnMo drill steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Meatals,2017,42(2):131-134.
[16]吕长宝.低碳钢中伪珠光体分析[J].钢铁,2015,50(3):68-72.LüChangbao. Analysis on pseudo-eutectoid pearlite in the low carbon steel[J]. Iron and steel,2015,50(3):68-72.
[17]缪成亮,尚成嘉,Mani Subramanian.奥氏体变形及冷却速率对低碳贝氏体组织中大角晶界分布的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2012,34(3):289-297.Miu Chengliang, Shang Chengjia, Mani Subramanian. Effect of ausforming and cooling rate on the distribution of high angle boundaries in low carbon bainite structure[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2012,34(3):289-397.
[18]Lee C H,Bhadeshia H K D H,Lee H C. Effect of plastic deformation on the formation of acicular ferrite[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2003,360(1/2):249-257.
[19]李永亮,王福明,李长荣,等. Ti对700 MPa级汽车大梁钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(7):117-122.Li Yongliang,Wang Fuming,Li Changrong,et al. Effect of titanium on austenite grain growth behavior of automobile beam steel with yield strength of 700 MPa[J]. Transaction of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(7):117-122.
[20] Lehto P,Remes H,Saukkonen T,et al. Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall-Petch relationship of welded structural steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2014,592:28-39.
[21]王健,朱伟,刘荣杰,等.变形和冷却工艺对X70HD管线钢形变诱导铁素体相变的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):113-118.Wang Jian,Zhu Wei,Liu Rongjie,et al. Influence of deformation and cooling process on deformation induced ferrite transformation for X70pipeline steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2017, 42(2):113-118.
[22]韩广杰,郭明仪,阮士朋,等.微合金化SWRCH6A钢的连续冷却转变曲线[J].金属热处理,2017,42(4):46-49.Han Guangjie,Guo Mingyi,Ruan Shipeng,et al. Continuous cooling transformation curve of micro-alloyed SWRCH6A steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(4):46-49.