基于构造非正交向量的单相锁相技术研究
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摘要
针对单相正弦电压信号的相位跟踪问题,提出一种构造非正交向量的锁相方法。对传统单相DQ锁相原理进行分析,利用相邻时刻采样数据构造电压向量。设计一种新型鉴相器,并将其应用于单相电压信号的锁相控制。此外,针对复杂电网环境下的应用,设计带有双滤波器结构的锁相控制环路,提高控制算法在电网谐波污染下的锁相精度,同时解决引入单滤波器带来的相位误差问题。通过Matlab/Simulink对算法进行仿真实验,并通过搭建实验样机平台完成算法的样机实验验证。仿真与实验结果表明,提出的锁相算法可在市电电压相位、频率、幅值突变以及谐波干扰等各类工况下准确、快速锁定相位,具备较强适应性和优良的动、稳态锁相性能。
For the phase tracking problem of single-phase voltage signals,a single-phase locked method with generating the non-orthogonal vector is proposed in this paper.After analyzing the traditional single-phase DQ PLL principle,a new phase detector is gained by constructing the non-orthogonal voltage vector based on adjacent time sampling data.A new phase discriminator is designed and applied to phase lock control of single-phase voltage signals.In addition,a phase locked control loop with double filters is designed aiming at the application in complex grid conditions.This design improves the precision of PLL control algorithm in harmonic grid conditions,and solves the problem of phase error caused by adding single filter.In this paper,the simulations of phase-locked system are carried out based on Matlab/Simulink,and the experimental prototype platform is built to verify the algorithm.The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed phase locked algorithm can accurately lock grid phase in complex grid conditions such as sudden change of phase,amplitude and frequency and harmonic disturbance,which shows a strong adaptability as well as excellent dynamic and steady performance.
For the phase tracking problem of single-phase voltage signals,a single-phase locked method with generating the non-orthogonal vector is proposed in this paper.After analyzing the traditional single-phase DQ PLL principle,a new phase detector is gained by constructing the non-orthogonal voltage vector based on adjacent time sampling data.A new phase discriminator is designed and applied to phase lock control of single-phase voltage signals.In addition,a phase locked control loop with double filters is designed aiming at the application in complex grid conditions.This design improves the precision of PLL control algorithm in harmonic grid conditions,and solves the problem of phase error caused by adding single filter.In this paper,the simulations of phase-locked system are carried out based on Matlab/Simulink,and the experimental prototype platform is built to verify the algorithm.The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed phase locked algorithm can accurately lock grid phase in complex grid conditions such as sudden change of phase,amplitude and frequency and harmonic disturbance,which shows a strong adaptability as well as excellent dynamic and steady performance.
引文
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[19]辛振,赵仁德,郭宝玲,等.于二阶广义积分器一锁频环的异步电机同步角频率估计方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(1):116-122.Xin Zhen,Hao Rende,Guo Baoling,et al.New induction motor synchronous angular frequency estimation method based on second order generalized integrator-frequency locked loop[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(1):116-122.
[20]Ciobotaru M.A new single-phase pll structure based on second order generalized integrator[C]//Proceedings of Conference Record of Power Electronics Specialists Conference,Jeju,Korea,2006:1-6.
[21]Thacker T.Phase-locked loops using state variable feedback for single-phase converter systems[C]//Proceedings of Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,Washington D C,USA,2009:864-870.
[22]Wang Yifei,Li Yunwei.Three-phase cascaded delayed signal cancellation PLL for fast selective harmonic detection[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(4):1452-1463.
[23]Se-Kyo C.A phase tracking system for three phase utility interface inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2000,15(1):431-438.
[24]Wang Yifei,Li Yunwei.Grid synchronization PLLbased on cascaded delayed signal cancellation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(7):1987-1997.
[25]谢门喜,史炳伟.二阶广义积分单相电网电压锁相方法实验研究[J].电气自动化,2016,38(6):54-57.Xie Menxi,Shi Binwei.Experimental research on the phase lock method for single-phase grid voltage based on second order generalized integral[J].Electrical Automation,2016,38(6):54-57.
[26]周献飞,杨仁刚,孙钦斐.基于二阶广义积分的新型单相逆变并网系统锁相环[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(3):305-309.Zhou Xianfei,Yang Rengang,Sun Qinfei.A new PLL structure of single-phase inverter based on second-order generalized integrator[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,2013,44(3):305-309.
[27]刘闯,潘岱栋,蔡国伟,等.适合低压配电网分布式发电的抗谐波干扰型增强锁相环路技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(10):185-192.Liu Chuang,Pan Daidong,Cai Guowei,et al.Enhanced phased-locked loop technology with anti harmonic interference capability for distributed generation in low-voltage distribution[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(10):185-192.
[28]冬雷,韩劲草,肖辅荣,等.一种基于自适应滤波器的新型单相锁相环技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊1):155-161.Dong Lei,Han Jingcao,Xiao Furong,et al.A novel single-phase phase-locked loop based on adaptive filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):155-161.
[29]裴喜平,郝晓弘,陈伟.基于模型参考自适应算法的三相锁相环系统[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):196-204.Pei Xiping,Hao Xiaohong,Chen Wei.A novel threephase phase-locked-loop system based on model reference adaptive algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):196-204.
[30]陶兴华,李永东,孙敏,等.一种基于同步旋转坐标变换的单相锁相环新算法[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(6):147-152.Tao Xinghua,Li Yongdong,Sun Min,et al.A novel single-phase locked loop algorithm based on synchronous reference frame[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(6):147-152.
[2]Johal H,Divan D.Design considerations for seriesconnected distributed FACTS converters[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(4):1609-1618.
[3]Divan D,Johal H.Distributed FACTS,a new concept for realizing grid power flow control[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2007,22(4):2253-2260.
[4]Singh B.Implementation of single-phase enhanced phase-locked loop-based control algorithm for threephase DSTATCOM[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(3):1516-1524.
[5]Luo An,Chen Yandong,Shuai Zhikang,et al.An improved reactive current detection and power control method for single phase photovoltaic gridconnected DG system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2013,28(4):823-831.
[6]侯立健,朱长青,陈雅,等.基于二阶广义积分器的单相并网系统锁相技术的研究[J].电测与仪表,2016,53(13):84-89.Hou Lijian,Zhu Changqing,Chen Ya,et al.Research on SOGI for phase lock technique of the single-phase grid-connected system[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2016,53(13):84-89.
[7]朱连成,王仲初.无锁相环电压全周期过零检测电路的仿真与设计[J].现代电子技术,2007(9):87-89.Zhu Liancheng,Wang Zhongchu.Simulation and design about detector circuit of voltage cross zero in complete period without phase lock loop[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2007(9):87-89.
[8]熊连松,卓放,祝明华,等.单相电力信号同步相位的快速捕获方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(9):2209-2216.Xiong Liansong,Zhuo Fang,Zhu Minghua,et al.Research on fast phase synchronization in singlephase power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(9):2209-2216.
[9]加德纳.锁相环技术[M].3版.姚剑清,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[10]曾正,邵伟华,刘清阳,等.并网逆变器数字锁相环的数学物理本质分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(4):808-816.Zeng Zheng,Shao Weihua,Liu Qingyang,et al.Mathematical and physical fundaments of digital phase-locked loop for grid-connected inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(4):808-816.
[11]Sakamoto S,Izumi T,Yokoyama T,et al.A new method for digital PLL control using estimated quadrature two phase frequency detection[C]//Proceedings of Power Conversion Conference,Osaka,Japan:PCC-Osaka,2002:671-676.
[12]Roshan A,Burgos R,Baisden A.A D-Q frame controller for a full-bridge single phase inverter used in small distributed power generation systems[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference,Anaheim,USA,2007:641-647.
[13]Rader C M,Jackson L B,Approximating noncausal IIR digital filters having arbitrary poles,including new Hilbert transformer designs,via forward/backward block recursion[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2006,53(12):2779-2787.
[14]Rodriguez P.Decoupled double synchronous reference frame PLL for power converters control[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2007,22(1):584-592.
[15]Silva S M.Performance evaluation of PLL algorithms for single-phase grid-connected systems[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Industry Applications Conference,Seattle,USA,2004:2259-2263.
[16]任碧莹,钟彦儒,孙向东,等.基于有限冲击响应滤波器线性相移控制的单相系统数字锁相环[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(8):121-125.Ren Biying,Zhong Yanru,Sun Xiangdong,et al.Adigital phase-locked loop based on the linear phaseshifted control implemented by a finite impulse response filter for a single-phase power system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(8):121-125.
[17]Rodriguez P,Luna A,Candela I,et al.Grid synchronization of power converters using multiple second order generalized integrators[C]//Proceedings of 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics.Orlando,USA,2008:755-760.
[18]Rodriguez P,Teodorescu R,Candela I,et al.New positive-sequence voltage detector for grid synchronization of power converters under faulty grid conditions[C]//IEEE 37th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference(PESC'06),Jeju,2006:1-7.
[19]辛振,赵仁德,郭宝玲,等.于二阶广义积分器一锁频环的异步电机同步角频率估计方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(1):116-122.Xin Zhen,Hao Rende,Guo Baoling,et al.New induction motor synchronous angular frequency estimation method based on second order generalized integrator-frequency locked loop[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(1):116-122.
[20]Ciobotaru M.A new single-phase pll structure based on second order generalized integrator[C]//Proceedings of Conference Record of Power Electronics Specialists Conference,Jeju,Korea,2006:1-6.
[21]Thacker T.Phase-locked loops using state variable feedback for single-phase converter systems[C]//Proceedings of Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,Washington D C,USA,2009:864-870.
[22]Wang Yifei,Li Yunwei.Three-phase cascaded delayed signal cancellation PLL for fast selective harmonic detection[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(4):1452-1463.
[23]Se-Kyo C.A phase tracking system for three phase utility interface inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2000,15(1):431-438.
[24]Wang Yifei,Li Yunwei.Grid synchronization PLLbased on cascaded delayed signal cancellation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(7):1987-1997.
[25]谢门喜,史炳伟.二阶广义积分单相电网电压锁相方法实验研究[J].电气自动化,2016,38(6):54-57.Xie Menxi,Shi Binwei.Experimental research on the phase lock method for single-phase grid voltage based on second order generalized integral[J].Electrical Automation,2016,38(6):54-57.
[26]周献飞,杨仁刚,孙钦斐.基于二阶广义积分的新型单相逆变并网系统锁相环[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(3):305-309.Zhou Xianfei,Yang Rengang,Sun Qinfei.A new PLL structure of single-phase inverter based on second-order generalized integrator[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,2013,44(3):305-309.
[27]刘闯,潘岱栋,蔡国伟,等.适合低压配电网分布式发电的抗谐波干扰型增强锁相环路技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(10):185-192.Liu Chuang,Pan Daidong,Cai Guowei,et al.Enhanced phased-locked loop technology with anti harmonic interference capability for distributed generation in low-voltage distribution[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(10):185-192.
[28]冬雷,韩劲草,肖辅荣,等.一种基于自适应滤波器的新型单相锁相环技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊1):155-161.Dong Lei,Han Jingcao,Xiao Furong,et al.A novel single-phase phase-locked loop based on adaptive filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):155-161.
[29]裴喜平,郝晓弘,陈伟.基于模型参考自适应算法的三相锁相环系统[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):196-204.Pei Xiping,Hao Xiaohong,Chen Wei.A novel threephase phase-locked-loop system based on model reference adaptive algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):196-204.
[30]陶兴华,李永东,孙敏,等.一种基于同步旋转坐标变换的单相锁相环新算法[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(6):147-152.Tao Xinghua,Li Yongdong,Sun Min,et al.A novel single-phase locked loop algorithm based on synchronous reference frame[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(6):147-152.