风电场一次调频分层协调控制研究与应用
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摘要
大规模并网风电场参与一次调频是电网为保证自身安全做出的必然选择,有功响应的快速性和稳定性是风电场需要解决的关键问题。提出一种基于分层架构的风电场参与电网一次调频的控制策略。在风电机组控制层,提出了一种改进的带惯量补偿的有功控制策略,提高一次调频的响应速度。在风电场控制层通过改进的惯量响应协调控制和功率备用控制策略,避免电网频率出现波动,并满足不同风况下备用功率的要求。基于Matlab/Simulink建立了含风电场的电力系统仿真模型,仿真结果表明风电场具备全工况条件下参与电网一次频率调整的能力。最后在某49.5 MW风电场现场验证了所提控制策略的有效性。
Large scale grid-connected wind farms participating in primary frequency regulation is an inevitable choice for the grid to protect itself, and the fastness and stability of active power response are the key issues that need to be solved in a wind farm. This paper presents a control strategy for wind farm participating in grid primary frequency regulation based on hierarchical structure. In the wind turbine control layer, an improved active power control strategy with inertial compensation is proposed to improve the response speed of primary frequency regulation. In the wind farm control layer, through the improved inertia response coordinated control and power reserve control strategy, the grid frequency fluctuations are avoided and the reserve power requirements under different wind conditions can be met. Based on Matlab/Simulink, a power system simulation model with wind farm is established, and the simulation results show that the wind farm has the ability to participate in grid primary frequency regulation under full working conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed approaches is confirmed by field tests in a 49.5 MW wind farm.
Large scale grid-connected wind farms participating in primary frequency regulation is an inevitable choice for the grid to protect itself, and the fastness and stability of active power response are the key issues that need to be solved in a wind farm. This paper presents a control strategy for wind farm participating in grid primary frequency regulation based on hierarchical structure. In the wind turbine control layer, an improved active power control strategy with inertial compensation is proposed to improve the response speed of primary frequency regulation. In the wind farm control layer, through the improved inertia response coordinated control and power reserve control strategy, the grid frequency fluctuations are avoided and the reserve power requirements under different wind conditions can be met. Based on Matlab/Simulink, a power system simulation model with wind farm is established, and the simulation results show that the wind farm has the ability to participate in grid primary frequency regulation under full working conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed approaches is confirmed by field tests in a 49.5 MW wind farm.
引文
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[16]刘吉臻,姚琦,柳玉,等.风火联合调度的风电场一次调频控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3462-3469.LIU Jizhen,YAO Qi,LIU Yu,et al.Wind farm primary frequency control strategy based on wind&thermal power joint control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3642-3469.
[17]范冠男,刘吉臻,孟洪民,等.电网限负荷条件下风电场一次调频策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2030-2037.FAN Guannan,LIU Jizhen,MENG Hongmin,et al.Primary frequency control strategy for wind farms under outputrestricted condition[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2030-2037.
[18]ZERTEK A,GREGOR V,MILO?P.A novel strategy for variable-speed wind turbines’participation in primary frequency control[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2012,3(4):791-799.
[19]KUNDUR P,BALU N,LAUBY M.Power system stability and control[M].New York:McGraw-hill,1994.
[20]GRUNNET J,SOLTANI M,KNUDSEN T,et al.Aeolus toolbox for dynamics wind farm model,simulation and control[C]//The European Wind Energy Conference&Exhibition,EWEC 2010,2010.
[2]姚亮,陈峦,郑彬,等.风-火互补发电系统区域频率控制的策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(11):46-52.YAO Liang,CHEN Luan,ZHENG Bin,et al.Research on area frequency control strategy of wind-fire hybrid power generation system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(11):46-52.
[3]EON Netz GmbH.Grid code-high and extra high voltage[R].Bayreuth:E.ON Netz GmbH,2006.
[4]Hydro-Québec Transénergie.Technical requirements for the connection of generation facilities to the Hydro-Quebec transmission system:supply requirements for wind generation[R].Quebec:Hydro-Québec Transénergie,2009.
[5]Nordic Grid.Nordic grid code 2007(Nordic collection of rules)[R].Norway:Nordic Grid,2007.
[6]Eskom System Operations and Planning Division.Grid code requirements for wind energy facilities connected to distribution or transmission system in south Africa(version 4.4)[R].South Africa:Eskom System Operations and Planning Division,2012.
[7]National Grid(Great Britain)Company.Grid code documents:connection conditions[R].London:National Grid(Great Britain)Company,2009.
[8]李军徽,冯喜超,严干贵,等.高风电渗透率下的电力系统调频研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(2):163-170.LI Junhui,FENG Xichao,YAN Gangui,et al.Survey on frequency regulation technology in high wind penetration power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(2):163-170.
[9]HWANG M,MULJADI E,PARK J W,et al.Dynamic droop-based inertial control of a doubly-fed induction generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(3):924-933.
[10]曹军,王虹富,邱家驹.变速恒频双馈风电机组频率控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(13):78-82.CAO Jun,WANG Hongfu,QIU Jiaju.Frequency control strategy of variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(13):78-82.
[11]赵冬梅,许瑞庆,郑立鑫.全风况下双馈风机参与调频的协调控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(12):53-59.ZHAO Dongmei,XU Ruiqing,ZHENG Lixin.Research on coordinated control strategy for DFIGs participating in system frequency regulation with different wind[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(12):53-59.
[12]薛迎成,邰能灵,宋凯,等.变速风力发电机提供调频备用容量研究[J].电力自动化设备,2010,30(8):75-80.XUE Yingcheng,TAI Nengling,SONG Kai,et al.Variable speed wind turbines provide primary reserve for frequency control[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2010,30(8):75-80.
[13]张昭遂,孙元章,李国杰,等.超速与变桨协调的双馈风电机组频率控制[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(17):20-25.ZHANG Shaosui,SUN Yuanzhang,LI Guojie,et al.Frequency regulation by doubly fed induction generator wind turbines based on coordinated over speed control and pitch control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(17):20-25.
[14]付媛,王毅,张祥宇,等.变速风电机组的惯性与一次调频特性分析及综合控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(27):4706-4716.FU Yuan,WANG Yi,ZHANG Xiangyu,et al.Analysis and integrated control of inertia and primary frequency regulation for variable speed wind turbines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(27):4706-4716.
[15]何成明,王洪涛,孙华东,等.变速风电机组调频特性分析及风电场时序协调控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(9):1-6.HE Chengming,WANG Hongtao,SUN Huadong,et al.Analysis on frequency control characteristics of variable speed wind turbines and coordinated frequency control strategy of wind farm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(9):1-6.
[16]刘吉臻,姚琦,柳玉,等.风火联合调度的风电场一次调频控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3462-3469.LIU Jizhen,YAO Qi,LIU Yu,et al.Wind farm primary frequency control strategy based on wind&thermal power joint control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3642-3469.
[17]范冠男,刘吉臻,孟洪民,等.电网限负荷条件下风电场一次调频策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2030-2037.FAN Guannan,LIU Jizhen,MENG Hongmin,et al.Primary frequency control strategy for wind farms under outputrestricted condition[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2030-2037.
[18]ZERTEK A,GREGOR V,MILO?P.A novel strategy for variable-speed wind turbines’participation in primary frequency control[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2012,3(4):791-799.
[19]KUNDUR P,BALU N,LAUBY M.Power system stability and control[M].New York:McGraw-hill,1994.
[20]GRUNNET J,SOLTANI M,KNUDSEN T,et al.Aeolus toolbox for dynamics wind farm model,simulation and control[C]//The European Wind Energy Conference&Exhibition,EWEC 2010,2010.