摘要
支遁提出的"逍遥游"新义在东晋引起了很大的反响,但由于其《逍遥论》已佚,因此,对其内容和新意历来颇多争论。东晋时期,玄学与佛教般若学有密切的关系,支遁擅长清谈,对玄学、佛教皆有深入的理解,这是他提出"逍遥游"新义的思想基础。对其"逍遥游"的分析,在佛教思想之外,还应注意到玄学的影响。从方法上讲,可以说支遁最早运用格义之法以阐释"逍遥游"。我们认为其"逍遥游"新义在当时引起很大的关注,很大程度上是因为这种新方法的应用,也就是融合玄佛,因此,支遁之义与郭象有重要的内在联系。这一点有助于准确理解支遁"逍遥游"的内涵。
In the Eastern Jin dynasty,a new interpretation of the "Peripatetic Journey" proposed by Zhidun evoked big repercussions.As Zhidun’s theory of "Peripatetic Journey" has been lost,there have been a lot of debates on its content and novelty.In the Eastern Jin dynasty,Metaphysics was closely related to Prajna.Zhidun was good at talking and had deep understandings of Metaphysics and Buddhism.This is the ideological basis of his new interpretation of "Peripatetic Journey" .As such,in addition to the Buddhist thoughts,the influences of Metaphysics are also needed to pay attention to while studying his theory.From the perspective of method,Zhidun is the first person who used the method of "Geyi" to explain "Peripatetic Journey" .This paper concludes that the reason for the broad attention paid to Zhidun’s theory of "Peripatetic Journey" at that time is that he applicated this new method,which is called "interaction of Metaphysics and Buddhism".In this regard,Zhidun’s theory closely connects with Guo Xiang.This helps to accurately understand Zhidun’s interpretation of "Peripatetic Journey".
引文
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(1)关于“格义”的含义,还可以参见刘立夫《论格义的本义及其引申》(《宗教学研究》2000年第2期);张舜清《对“格义”作为言“道”方式的反思》(《学术论坛》2006年第6期)。
(2)《高僧传》本传载其曾“注《安般》、《四禅》诸经”。支遁诗歌中常言“恬智”,如“恬智冥微妙,缥缈咏重玄”(《弥勒赞》)、“何以虚静闲,恬智翳神颖”(《不昫菩萨赞》)“恬智”虽出于《庄子》,但支遁所用实近于禅智之义。