介电弹性体驱动器柔性电极技术发展动态
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摘要
对介电弹性体柔性电极相关研究进行了总结和分析。柔性电极是介电弹性体发电或驱动材料的重要组成部分,其性能直接影响介电弹性体发电机的发电效率以及驱动器的驱动性能。目前,对柔性电极的研究处于起步阶段。本文基于介电弹性体材料的不同用途,分析了碳基电极、碳纳米管电极等几种典型的柔性电极材料的性能、制备工艺及方法。并针对其应用条件的不同,分析了电极材料的应用领域。经过研究分析发现,柔性电极材料需要具备柔性大、导电性高这两点特性,但是目前柔性电极在柔性与导电性上不能兼具,存在贴合度不足、导电性差等问题,需要对柔性电极的材料以及制备工艺进行更加深入的研究。
The related researches about flexible electrode are summarized and analyzed. Flexible electrode is an important part of dielectric elastomer generator and actuator, and its performance directly affects the efficiency of dielectric elastomer generators and the driving performance of actuators. At present, the research of flexible electrode is in the initial stage. On the base of the different applications of the dielectric elastomer, the properties, preparation processes and methods of several typical materials such as carbon electrode, carbon nanotube electrode are analyzed. According to the different application conditions, the using field of the electrode materials is analyzed. It is found that flexible electrode materials require large flexibility and good electrical conductivity property. However, flexibility and conductivity of the electrode material is contradictory, at present. There are still several problems such as lack of fit, poor conductivity of the flexible electrode materials. Further study of the flexible electrode material and its preparation process are needed.
The related researches about flexible electrode are summarized and analyzed. Flexible electrode is an important part of dielectric elastomer generator and actuator, and its performance directly affects the efficiency of dielectric elastomer generators and the driving performance of actuators. At present, the research of flexible electrode is in the initial stage. On the base of the different applications of the dielectric elastomer, the properties, preparation processes and methods of several typical materials such as carbon electrode, carbon nanotube electrode are analyzed. According to the different application conditions, the using field of the electrode materials is analyzed. It is found that flexible electrode materials require large flexibility and good electrical conductivity property. However, flexibility and conductivity of the electrode material is contradictory, at present. There are still several problems such as lack of fit, poor conductivity of the flexible electrode materials. Further study of the flexible electrode material and its preparation process are needed.
引文
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[25]CHEN B,BAI Y,XIANG F,et al.Stretchable and transparent hydrogels as soft conductors for dielectric elastomer actuators[J].J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys,2014,52(16):1055-1060.
[26]YANG C H,CHEN B,LU J J,et al.Ionic cable[J].Extreme Mech Lett,2015,3:59-65.
[27]YANG C H,CHEN B,ZHOU J,et al.Electroluminescence of giant stretchability[J].Adv Mater,2015,28:1-5.
[28]张敏,李碧婵,陈良壁.互穿网络聚合物水凝胶的制备及其吸附研究进展[J].化工进展,2015,34(4):1043-1049.
[29]HA S,YUAN W,PEI Q,et al.Interpenetrating polymer networks for high-performance electroelastomer artificial muscles[J].Adv Mater,2006,18(18):887-891.
[30]HA S M,YUAN W,PEI Q,et al.Interpenetrating networks of elastomers exhibiting 300%electrically-induced area strain[J].Smart Mater Struct,2007,16(2):S280-S287.
[31]KOVACS G.Contractive tension force stack actuator based on soft dielectric EAP[C]//SPIE Smart Structures and Mater Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring.International Society for Optics and Photonics.NY,USA:IEEE,2009:72870A-72870A-15.
[32]于江成.基于碳纳米管电极的介电弹性体堆叠型驱动器研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[2]LO H C,CALIUS E,ANDERSON I.Understanding efficiency limits of dielectric elastomer driver circuitry[C]//SPIE Smart Structures and Materials+Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring.International Society for Optics and Photonics.NY,USA:IEEE,2013:86870E-86870E-6.
[3]KOFOD G.Dielectric elastomer actuators[J].J Phys D Appl Phys,2008,41(2):1-11.
[4]HUANG J,SHIAN S,SUO Z,et al.Maximizing the energy density of dielectric elastomer generators using equi-biaxial loading[J].Adv Funct Mater,2013,23(40):5056-5061.
[5]ANDERSON I A,GISBY T A,MCKAY T G,et al.Multi-function dielectric elastomer artificial muscles for soft and smart machines[J].J Appl Phys,2012,112(4):041101.
[6]NI N,WANG Y,LIU F,et al.A New dielectric elastomer sensor based on cantilever beam structure with constant strength[J].Appl Mech Mater,2014,664:279-283.
[7]MCKAY T,O’BRIEN B,CALIUS E,et al.An integrated,self-priming dielectric elastomer generator[J].Appl Phys Lett,2010,97(6):062911.
[8]KOH A S J,ZHAO X,SUO Z.Maximal energy that can be converted by a dielectric elastomer generator[J].Appl Phys Lett,2009,94(26):262902.
[9]KORNBLUH R D,PEI Q,ROSENTHAL M A.Dielectric elastomer artificial muscle actuators:toward biomimetic motion[C]//SPIE's 9th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Mater.International Society for Optics and Photonics.NY,USA:IEEE,2002:126-137.
[10]ZHAO X,SUO Z.Theory of dielectric elastomers capable of giant deformation of actuation[J].Phys Rev Lett,2010,104(17):39-87.
[11]鄂世举,朱喜林,高春甫.介电弹性体发电的基本原理及在分布式发电中的应用[J].现代制造工程,2009(9):141-145.
[12]TAKAMATSU K,TUCHITANI S,KIKUCHI K.Formation of flexible for dielectric elastoer actuator[C]//Proc.JSME Kansai.NY,USA:IEEE,2010:9-15.
[13]ROSSET S,SHEA H R.Flexible and stretchable electrodes for dielectric elastomer actuators[J].Appl Phys A Mater Sci Proc,2013,110(2):281-307.
[14]CAROI F,CHIARELLI P,MAZZOLDI A,et al.Electromechanical characterisation of dielectric elastomer planar actuators:comparative evaluation of different electrode materials and different counter loads[J].Sens Actuators A Phys,2003,107(1):85-95.
[15]PELRINE R E,KORNBLUH R D,JOSEPH J P.Electrostriction of polymer dielectrics with compliant electrodes as a means of actuation[J].Sens Actuators A Phys,1998,64(1):77-85.
[16]SCHLAAK H F,JUNGMANN M,MATYSEK M,et al.Novel multilayer electrostatic solid state actuators with elastic dielectric[C]//Smart Structures and Mater.International Society for Optics and Photonics.NY,USA:IEEE,2005:121-133.
[17]KINOSHITA Y,TSUCHITANI S,KIKUCHI K.Development of flexible rubber electrode for dielectric elastomer actuator[C]//System Integration(SII),2010IEEE/SICE International Symposium on.NY,USA:IEEE,2010:282-286.
[18]朱长纯,袁寿财,李玉魁.碳纳米管及其应用[J].微纳电子技术,2002(8):1-6.
[19]张冬至,童俊,刘哲,等.基于电活性聚合物薄膜柔性器件的触觉传感特性[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(8):2151-2158.
[20]YUAN W,HU L,YU Z,et al.Fault-tolerant dielectric elastomer actuators using single-walled carbon nanotube electrodes[J].Adv Mater,2008,20(3):621-625.
[21]LOW S H,LAU G K.Bi-axially crumpled silver thin-film electrodes for dielectric elastomer actuators[J].Smart Mater Struct,2014,23(12):125021.
[22]LOW S H,SHIAU L S,LAU G K.Large actuation and high dielectric strength in metallized dielectric elastomer actuators[J].Appl Phys Lett,2012,100(18):182901.
[23]KEPLINGER C,SUN J Y,FOO C C,et al.Stretchable,transparent,ionic conductors[J].Science,2013,341(6149):984-987.
[24]ONO T,SUGIMOTO T,SHINKAI S,et al.Lipophilic polyelectrolyte gels as super-absorbent polymers for nonpolar organic solvents[J].Nat Mater,2007,6(6):429-433.
[25]CHEN B,BAI Y,XIANG F,et al.Stretchable and transparent hydrogels as soft conductors for dielectric elastomer actuators[J].J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys,2014,52(16):1055-1060.
[26]YANG C H,CHEN B,LU J J,et al.Ionic cable[J].Extreme Mech Lett,2015,3:59-65.
[27]YANG C H,CHEN B,ZHOU J,et al.Electroluminescence of giant stretchability[J].Adv Mater,2015,28:1-5.
[28]张敏,李碧婵,陈良壁.互穿网络聚合物水凝胶的制备及其吸附研究进展[J].化工进展,2015,34(4):1043-1049.
[29]HA S,YUAN W,PEI Q,et al.Interpenetrating polymer networks for high-performance electroelastomer artificial muscles[J].Adv Mater,2006,18(18):887-891.
[30]HA S M,YUAN W,PEI Q,et al.Interpenetrating networks of elastomers exhibiting 300%electrically-induced area strain[J].Smart Mater Struct,2007,16(2):S280-S287.
[31]KOVACS G.Contractive tension force stack actuator based on soft dielectric EAP[C]//SPIE Smart Structures and Mater Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring.International Society for Optics and Photonics.NY,USA:IEEE,2009:72870A-72870A-15.
[32]于江成.基于碳纳米管电极的介电弹性体堆叠型驱动器研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.