独立海岛终端一体化系统下电动汽车的投放数量规划研究
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摘要
在综合能源系统与电动汽车技术高速发展的背景下,该文选取独立海岛的能源系统作为典型综合能源系统。针对实际独立海岛能源系统结构,构建以可再生能源发电与补给能源为源端,常规负荷与车辆耗能为终端的一体化系统。以海岛终端一体化系统运行成本最低为目标,考虑系统安全运行约束的同时,结合居民用车习惯的概率模型,模拟居民不同用车心理风险水平下,电动汽车与燃油汽车规划的投放数量。并根据不同规划结果,分析冬季和夏季典型日下系统运行成本与电力平衡情况。结果表明,居民用车心里风险水平对规划电动汽车投放数量以及系统运行成本有很大影响,为电动汽车在独立海岛上推广和发展提供了新的规划思路。
In the background of the rapid development of the integrated energy system and electric vehicle technology,this paper chose the isolated island energy system as a typical integrated energy system. With the actual architecture of the isolated energy system, this paper built an integrated system that relies on the renewable energy power generation and consumes the energy for conventional loads and vehicles. The aim is to minimize the operating cost of the system. With the constraints of secure system operations and the probability model of residents' car-using habits taken into consideration,this paper simulated the quantity of the launched electric vehicle and gas vehicles under different psychological risk levels of residents. The operating cost and electricity balance on a typical daytime in winter and summer are also measured based on various plan outcomes. The result indicates that the residents' psychological risk level has a great influence on the quantity planning of electric vehicles and the operating cost of the system, which expands the horizon for promoting and developing electric vehicles on isolated islands.
In the background of the rapid development of the integrated energy system and electric vehicle technology,this paper chose the isolated island energy system as a typical integrated energy system. With the actual architecture of the isolated energy system, this paper built an integrated system that relies on the renewable energy power generation and consumes the energy for conventional loads and vehicles. The aim is to minimize the operating cost of the system. With the constraints of secure system operations and the probability model of residents' car-using habits taken into consideration,this paper simulated the quantity of the launched electric vehicle and gas vehicles under different psychological risk levels of residents. The operating cost and electricity balance on a typical daytime in winter and summer are also measured based on various plan outcomes. The result indicates that the residents' psychological risk level has a great influence on the quantity planning of electric vehicles and the operating cost of the system, which expands the horizon for promoting and developing electric vehicles on isolated islands.
引文
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[17]管志成,丁晓群,张木银,等.考虑时序特性含电动汽车配电网分布式电源优化配置[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(18):24-31.Guan Zhicheng,Ding Xiaoqun,Zhang Muyin,et al.Optimal allocation of distributed generation of distributed network containing electric vehicle considering timing characteristics[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):24-31(in Chinese).
[18]Guille C,Gross G.A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid(V2G)implementation[J].Energy Policy,2009,37(11):4379-4390.
[19]Liu H,Ning H,Zhang Y,et al.Battery status-aware authentication scheme for V2G networks in smart grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(1):99-110.
[20]Lotfy M,Senjyu T,Farahat M,et al.A polar fuzzy control scheme for hybrid power system using vehicle-to-grid technique[J].Energies,2017,10(8):1083.
[21]Wood J R,Alcover J A,Blackburn T M,et al.Island extinctions:processes,patterns and potential for ecosystem restoration[J].Environmental Conservation,2017,44(4):1-11.
[22]吴义纯,丁明.基于蒙特卡罗仿真的风力发电系统可靠性评价[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(12):70-73.Wu Yichun,Ding Ming.Reliability assessment of wind power generation system based on Monte-Carlo simulation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2004,24(12):70-73(in Chinese).
[23]田立亭,史双龙,贾卓.电动汽车充电功率需求的统计学建模方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(11):126-130.Tian Liting,Shi Shuanglong,Jia Zhuo.A statistical model for charging power demand of electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(11):126-130(in Chinese).
[24]Vyas A,Santini D.Use of national surveys for estimating'full'PHEV potential for oil use reduction[EB/OL].2008-07-21.http://www.transportation.anl.go v/pdfs/HV/525.pdf.
[2]余晓丹,徐宪东,陈硕翼,等.综合能源系统与能源互联网简述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):1-13.Yu Xiaodan,Xu Xiandong,Chen Shouyi,et al.A brief review to integrated energy system and energy internet[J].Transactions of China Electro technical Society,2016,31(1):1-13(in Chinese).
[3]贾宏杰,王丹,徐宪东,等.区域综合能源系统若干问题研究[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):198-207.Jia Hongjie,Wang Dan,Xu Xiandong,et al.Research on some key problems related to integrated energy systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):198-207(in Chinese).
[4]盛万兴,史常凯,孙军平,等.智能用电中自动需求响应的特征及研究框架[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(23):1-7.Sheng Wanxing,Shi Changkai,Sun Junping,et al.Characteristics and research framework of automated demand response in smart utilization[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(23):1-7(in Chinese).
[5]Xiong R,He H,Sun F,et al.Online estimation of peak power capability of li-ion batteries in electric vehicles by a hardware-in-loop approach[J].Energies,2012,5(5):1455-1469.
[6]王德文,孙志伟.电力用户侧大数据分析与并行负荷预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(3):527-537.Wang Dewen,Sun Zhiwei.Big data analysis and parallel load forecasting of electric power user side[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(3):527-537(in Chinese).
[7]和敬涵,谢毓毓,叶豪东,等.电动汽车充电模式对主动配电网的影响[J].电力建设,2015,36(1):97-102.He Jinghan,Xie Yuyu,Ye Haodong,et al.Influence of electric vehicles charging modes on active network distribution[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(1):97-102(in Chinese).
[8]Li J,Wei W,Xiang J.A simple sizing algorithm for standalone PV/Wind/Battery hybrid microgrids[J].Energies,2012,5(12):5307-5323.
[9]黎嘉明,郑雪阳,艾小猛,等.独立海岛微网分布式电源容量优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(10):176-184.Li Jiaming,Zheng Xueyang,Ai Xiaomeng,et al.Optimal design of capacity of distributed generation in island standalone microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(10):176-184(in Chinese).
[10]郭力,王蔚,刘文建,等.风柴储海水淡化独立微电网系统能量管理方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):113-121.Guo Li,Wang Wei,Liu Wenjian,et al.The energy management method for stand-alone wind/diesel/battery/sea-water desalination microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(2):113-121(in Chinese).
[11]任建文,渠卫东.基于机会约束规划的孤岛模式下微电网动态经济调度[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(3):73-78.Ren Jianwen,Qu Weidong.Dynamic economic dispatch based on chance-constrained programming for islanded microgrid[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(3):73-78(in Chinese).
[12]Taylor J,Maitra A,Alexander M,et al.Evaluation of the impact of plug-in electric vehicle loading on distribution system operations[C]//Power&Energy Society General Meeting.Calgary,AB,Canada:IEEE,2009:1-6.
[13]杨晓东,张有兵,赵波,等.供需两侧协同优化的电动汽车充放电自动需求响应方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):120-129.Yang Xiaodong,Zhang Youbing,Zhao Bo,et al.Automated demand response method for electric vehicles charging and discharging to achieve supplydemand coordinated optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):120-129(in Chinese).
[14]吴红斌,侯小凡,赵波,等.计及可入网电动汽车的微网系统经济调度[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(9):77-84.Wu Hongbin,Hou Xiaofan,Zhao Bo,et al.Economical dispatch of microgrid considering plug-in electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(9):77-84(in Chinese).
[15]Yoon S G,Kang S G.Economic Microgrid planning algorithm with electric vehicle charging demands[J].Energies,2017,10(10):1487.
[16]李志伟,赵书强,刘应梅.电动汽车分布式储能控制策略及应用[J].电网技术,2016,40(2):442-450.Li Zhiwei,Zhao Shuqiang,Liu Yingmei.Control strategy and application of distributed electric vehicle energy storage[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(2):442-450(in Chinese).
[17]管志成,丁晓群,张木银,等.考虑时序特性含电动汽车配电网分布式电源优化配置[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(18):24-31.Guan Zhicheng,Ding Xiaoqun,Zhang Muyin,et al.Optimal allocation of distributed generation of distributed network containing electric vehicle considering timing characteristics[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):24-31(in Chinese).
[18]Guille C,Gross G.A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid(V2G)implementation[J].Energy Policy,2009,37(11):4379-4390.
[19]Liu H,Ning H,Zhang Y,et al.Battery status-aware authentication scheme for V2G networks in smart grid[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(1):99-110.
[20]Lotfy M,Senjyu T,Farahat M,et al.A polar fuzzy control scheme for hybrid power system using vehicle-to-grid technique[J].Energies,2017,10(8):1083.
[21]Wood J R,Alcover J A,Blackburn T M,et al.Island extinctions:processes,patterns and potential for ecosystem restoration[J].Environmental Conservation,2017,44(4):1-11.
[22]吴义纯,丁明.基于蒙特卡罗仿真的风力发电系统可靠性评价[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(12):70-73.Wu Yichun,Ding Ming.Reliability assessment of wind power generation system based on Monte-Carlo simulation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2004,24(12):70-73(in Chinese).
[23]田立亭,史双龙,贾卓.电动汽车充电功率需求的统计学建模方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(11):126-130.Tian Liting,Shi Shuanglong,Jia Zhuo.A statistical model for charging power demand of electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(11):126-130(in Chinese).
[24]Vyas A,Santini D.Use of national surveys for estimating'full'PHEV potential for oil use reduction[EB/OL].2008-07-21.http://www.transportation.anl.go v/pdfs/HV/525.pdf.