创业者外部关系构建与初创企业创新绩效:机会能力视角
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摘要
基于开放式创新理论,探讨创业者外部关系构建、二元机会能力与初创企业创新三者间关系,并利用对大学生创业者的调查数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明:外部关系构建与初创企业创新绩效之间呈倒U型关系;外部关系构建正向影响创业者探索性机会能力,但对创业者利用性机会能力的影响呈倒U型;利用性机会能力对初创企业创新绩效具有倒U型影响,而探索性机会能力对初创企业创新绩效具有线性正向影响。研究结论肯定了外部关系与创业者机会能力对于提升初创企业创新绩效的重要作用,可为大学生创业创新提供实践参考。
This paper constructs the relationship model among entrepreneurs' external relationship construction, dual opportunity capability and start-up innovation. Empirical results based on the sample of college student entrepreneurs show that entrepreneurs' construction on external relations has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the innovation performance of start-ups; the construction of external relations also has an inverted U-shaped impact on the exploitative opportunity ability of entrepreneurs, but has a positive impact on the exploratory opportunity ability of entrepreneurs. Moreover, the exploitative opportunity ability of entrepreneurs has an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation performance of start-ups, while exploratory opportunity ability has a significant positive effect on innovation performance of start-ups. This research affirms the important role of external relations and entrepreneurs' opportunity ability in promoting the innovation performance of start-ups, and provides practical reference for college students' entrepreneurship and innovation.
This paper constructs the relationship model among entrepreneurs' external relationship construction, dual opportunity capability and start-up innovation. Empirical results based on the sample of college student entrepreneurs show that entrepreneurs' construction on external relations has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the innovation performance of start-ups; the construction of external relations also has an inverted U-shaped impact on the exploitative opportunity ability of entrepreneurs, but has a positive impact on the exploratory opportunity ability of entrepreneurs. Moreover, the exploitative opportunity ability of entrepreneurs has an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation performance of start-ups, while exploratory opportunity ability has a significant positive effect on innovation performance of start-ups. This research affirms the important role of external relations and entrepreneurs' opportunity ability in promoting the innovation performance of start-ups, and provides practical reference for college students' entrepreneurship and innovation.
引文
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[20] 杨俊.如何防范创业期的关系依赖[J].中外管理,2012(8):102-103.
[21] 杜跃平,王欢欢.创业导向下双元机会能力对新企业绩效的影响——以陕西地区民营新创企业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(8).
[22] MUDAMBI R,SWIFT T.Knowing when to leap:transitioning between exploitative and explorative R&D[J].Strategic Management Journal,2014,35(1):126-145.
[23] SAINIO L M,RITALA P,HURMELINNA-LAUKKANEN P.Constituents of radical innovation—exploring the role of strategic orientations and market uncertainty[J].Technovation,2012,32(11):591-599.
[24] LI H,ATUAHENE-GIMA K.Product innovation strategy and the performance of new technology ventures in China[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,44(6):1123-1134.
[25] 董保宝,葛宝山.新企业风险承担与绩效倒U型关系及机会能力的中介作用研究[J].南开管理评论,2014,17(4):56-65.
[2] 杨隽萍,唐鲁滨,于晓宇.创业网络、创业学习与新创企业成长[J].管理评论,2013,25(1):24-33.
[3] 陈熹,范雅楠,云乐鑫.创业网络、环境不确定性与创业企业成长关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015(9):105-116.
[4] 毛冠凤,陈建安,殷伟斌.综合创新生态系统下“创新、创业、创投和创客”联动发展研究:来自深圳龙岗区的经验[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(1):59-65.
[5] 吴松强,蔡婷婷.嵌入性创新网络与科技型小微企业创新绩效:网络能力中介效应研究[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(17):99-105.
[6] 蒋豪,路正南,朱东旦.外部关系资本与初创小企业创新:互补/辅助型二元知识整合的中介效应——来自大学生创业样本的实证检验[J].科技进步与对策,2017,35(10):94-99.
[7] FLATTEN T,GREVE G,BRETTEL M.Absorptive capacity and firm performance in SMEs:the mediating influence of strategic alliances[J].European Management Review,2011,8(3) :137-152.
[8] 韩炜,邓渝,杨俊,等.创业企业如何构建联结组合提升绩效?——基于“结构-资源”互动过程的案例研究[J].管理世界,2017(10):130-149.
[9] 刘芳,梁耀明,王浩.企业家能力、关键资源获取与新创企业成长关系研究[J].科技进步与对策,2014 (8):85-90.
[10] 吴俊杰,盛亚,姜文杰.企业家社会网络、双元性创新与技术创新绩效研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(2):43-53.
[11] PHELPS C C.A longitudinal study of the influence of alliance network structure and composition on firm exploratory innovation[J].Academy of Management Journal,2010,53(4):890-913.
[12] 葛法权,张玉利,张腾.组织相互依赖关系对公司创业能力的影响机制——基于海尔集团的案例研究[J].管理学报,2017,14(4):475-484.
[13] PALLOTTI F,LOMI A.Network influence and organizational performance:the effects of tie strength and structural equivalence[J].European Management Journal,2011,29(5):389-403.
[14] 芮正云.创业过程视角下的小微企业“网络化成长”[J].南方经济,2015,33(5):40-52.
[15] HULBERT B,GILMORE A,CARSON D.Opportunity recognition by growing SMEs:a managerial or entrepreneurial function[J].Journal of Strategic Marketing,2015,23(7):616-642.
[16] PLUMMER L A,ALLISON T H,CONNELLY B L.Better together?signaling interactions in new venture pursuit of initial external capital[J].Academy of Management Journal,2016,59(5):1585-1604.
[17] 屠羽,彭本红.双重社会资本、二元学习与平台企业开放式服务创新绩效[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(16):83-90.
[18] LUBATKIN M H,SIMSEK Z,LING Y,et al.Ambidexterity and performance in small- to medium-sized firms:the pivotal role of top management team behavioral integration[J].Journal of Management,2006,32(5):646-672.
[19] GEDAJLOVIC E,CAO Q,ZHANG H.Corporate shareholdings and organizational ambidexterity in high-tech SMEs:evidence from a transitional economy[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2012,27(6):652-665.
[20] 杨俊.如何防范创业期的关系依赖[J].中外管理,2012(8):102-103.
[21] 杜跃平,王欢欢.创业导向下双元机会能力对新企业绩效的影响——以陕西地区民营新创企业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(8).
[22] MUDAMBI R,SWIFT T.Knowing when to leap:transitioning between exploitative and explorative R&D[J].Strategic Management Journal,2014,35(1):126-145.
[23] SAINIO L M,RITALA P,HURMELINNA-LAUKKANEN P.Constituents of radical innovation—exploring the role of strategic orientations and market uncertainty[J].Technovation,2012,32(11):591-599.
[24] LI H,ATUAHENE-GIMA K.Product innovation strategy and the performance of new technology ventures in China[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,44(6):1123-1134.
[25] 董保宝,葛宝山.新企业风险承担与绩效倒U型关系及机会能力的中介作用研究[J].南开管理评论,2014,17(4):56-65.