舟山沿海土壤机油污染的电阻率变化特征及物理影响因素研究
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摘要
为探索舟山沿海土壤在机油污染情况下电阻率的变化规律及影响因素,通过室内配制污染土,采用单因素分析法研究机油污染砂土、砂质壤土和粉砂质壤土的电阻率变化与土壤质地类型、含水率、含油率及时间的关系。结果表明,土壤构成及含水率与含机油率均对土壤电阻率产生影响。未污染和污染土的电阻率随着含水率的增加呈幂指数下降趋势,其规律符合Archie公式,同时含水率对土壤电阻率的影响大于含油率的影响,并且在一定程度上机油的存在会削弱含水率的影响。5%含水率时,砂质壤土电阻率随含油率增加变化幅度最大,砂土次之,粉砂质壤土最小;15%含水率时,电阻率变化幅度为砂土>砂质壤土>粉砂质壤土。另外,低含水率(5%水)下机油污染粉砂质壤土电阻率随时间的变化波动减小,而高含水率(15%)下则是波动增加,即在经过18~20天后出现小幅下降随后继续增加。根据污染土壤电阻率变化特征可以判断是否存在机油污染,监测效果砂土和砂质壤土优于粉砂质壤土,低含水率条件监测效果优于高含水率条件。研究成果可为土壤机油污染的电阻率法监测提供理论支持。
Different machine oil contaminated soil prepared in laboratory in order to explore the change of soil resistivity and related influencing factors. The results showed that the composition of water content and oil content all had the effects on soil resistivity. The resistivity of clean soil and machine oil-contaminated soil showed a decreasing trend with the increase of water content, which was in accordance with Archie formula. The effect of water content on soil resistivity was greater than that of oil content. Moreover, the existence of machine oil weakened the influence of water content on soil resistivity to some extent. Under 5% water content, the variation amplitude of resistivity in sandy loam soil was the biggest with the increase of oil content, then in sandy soil, and lowest in silty loam soil. Under 15%water content, the variation amplitude of resistivity decreased in the order of sandy > sandy loam > silty loam. In addition, the resistivity of machine oil-contaminated silty loam soil fluctuated downward with time under the low water content(5% water content) while it fluctuated upward under the high water content(15% water content), which meantthe resistivity decreased after 18 to 20 days. According to the resistivity variation characteristics of contaminated soil, monitoring effect of oil pollution was better in sandy and sandy loam soil than that in silty loam soil, and better at low than that at high moisture content. The research results couldprovide theoretical support formonitoring machine oilcontaminated soil by using resistivity method.
Different machine oil contaminated soil prepared in laboratory in order to explore the change of soil resistivity and related influencing factors. The results showed that the composition of water content and oil content all had the effects on soil resistivity. The resistivity of clean soil and machine oil-contaminated soil showed a decreasing trend with the increase of water content, which was in accordance with Archie formula. The effect of water content on soil resistivity was greater than that of oil content. Moreover, the existence of machine oil weakened the influence of water content on soil resistivity to some extent. Under 5% water content, the variation amplitude of resistivity in sandy loam soil was the biggest with the increase of oil content, then in sandy soil, and lowest in silty loam soil. Under 15%water content, the variation amplitude of resistivity decreased in the order of sandy > sandy loam > silty loam. In addition, the resistivity of machine oil-contaminated silty loam soil fluctuated downward with time under the low water content(5% water content) while it fluctuated upward under the high water content(15% water content), which meantthe resistivity decreased after 18 to 20 days. According to the resistivity variation characteristics of contaminated soil, monitoring effect of oil pollution was better in sandy and sandy loam soil than that in silty loam soil, and better at low than that at high moisture content. The research results couldprovide theoretical support formonitoring machine oilcontaminated soil by using resistivity method.
引文
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[18]陈太聪,张辉,孙从军,等.土壤电阻率影响因素分析及NAPLs污染土壤电阻率特征初探[J].绿色科技,2016,(8):69-72.
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[21]查甫生,刘松玉.土的电阻率理论及其应用探讨[J].工程勘察,2006,(5):10-15.
[22]PIRSON,Petroleum geology,a concise study:R.E.Chapman.Elsevier,Amsterdam,1937,304 pp Df1.57.00.
[23]梁春,郑西来,张俊杰.石油污染多孔介质湿润性变异特征[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2011,36:765-770
[24]GAJDOS V,KRAL.Influence of hydrocarbon pollution to soilconductivity[A]//Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society,eds.Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems[C].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1995,785-789.
[25]童玲.石油污染含水介质的水理和力学特征研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008.
[26]LIU Z B,LIU S Y,CAI Y,FANG W.Electrical resistivity characteristics of diesel oil-contaminated kaolin clay and a resistivity-based detection method[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(11):8216-8223.
[2]田春荣.2006年中国石油进出口状况分析[J].国际石油经济,2007,15(3):14-21.
[3]王曼.辽东湾北部海域沉积物中PAHs的含量分布及污染特征[D].大连:大连海事大学,2016.
[4]林力,杨惠芳.石油污染土壤的生物整治研究[J].上海环境科学,2016,7:325-329.
[5]李纯,武强.有机污染的研究进展[J].工程勘察,2007,(1):27-30.
[6]潘玉英,贾永刚,许中硕,等.不同影响因素下石油污染土电阻率特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(3):881-889.
[7]潘玉英,杨金生,邓小艳,等.含水饱和度和含油饱和度对柴油污染土壤电阻率的影响研究[J].土壤通报,2016,47(2):461-466.
[8]韩立华,刘松玉,杜延军.一种检测污染土的新方法—电阻率法[J].岩土工程学报,2006,(8):1028-1032.
[9]张辉,陈太聪,NAPLs污染土壤电阻率影响因素研究[J].工业安全与环保,2017,43(2):5-10.
[10]刘国华,王振宇,黄建平.土的电阻率特性及其工程应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):83-87.
[11]Rinaldi V A,Cuestas G A.Ohmic conductivity of a compactedsilty clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2002,128(10):824-835.
[12]白兰,周仲华,张虎元,等.污染土的电阻率特征分析[J].环境工程,2008,(26):66-70.
[13]郭秀军,刘涛,贾永刚,等.土的工程力学性质与其电阻率关系实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2003,(18):151-155.
[14]WAXMAN M H,SMITS L J M.Electrical Conductivities in oil-bearing Shaly Medium sands[J].SPE,1968,8:107-122.
[15]查甫生,刘松玉.土的电阻率理论及其应用探讨[J].工程勘察,2006,(5):10-15.
[16]刘松玉,边汉亮,蔡国军,等.油水二相体对油污染土电阻率特性的影响[J].岩土工程学报,2017,(1):170-177.
[17]李凤.东海赤潮高发区与舟山群岛沉积物中脂类物质的生物地球化学研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.
[18]陈太聪,张辉,孙从军,等.土壤电阻率影响因素分析及NAPLs污染土壤电阻率特征初探[J].绿色科技,2016,(8):69-72.
[19]ARCHIE G E,The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics[J].Transaction of American Instituteof Mining Engineers,1942,146:54-62.
[20]马玉慧,杨悦,锁范伟,等.包气带土壤含水率和石油类污染特性对电阻率监测的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2016,(1):299-303.
[21]查甫生,刘松玉.土的电阻率理论及其应用探讨[J].工程勘察,2006,(5):10-15.
[22]PIRSON,Petroleum geology,a concise study:R.E.Chapman.Elsevier,Amsterdam,1937,304 pp Df1.57.00.
[23]梁春,郑西来,张俊杰.石油污染多孔介质湿润性变异特征[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2011,36:765-770
[24]GAJDOS V,KRAL.Influence of hydrocarbon pollution to soilconductivity[A]//Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society,eds.Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems[C].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1995,785-789.
[25]童玲.石油污染含水介质的水理和力学特征研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008.
[26]LIU Z B,LIU S Y,CAI Y,FANG W.Electrical resistivity characteristics of diesel oil-contaminated kaolin clay and a resistivity-based detection method[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(11):8216-8223.