四川盆地高磨地区龙王庙组气藏高效开发有利区地震预测
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摘要
四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区下寒武统龙王庙组气藏是国内单体规模最大的特大型海相碳酸盐岩整装气藏,找准溶蚀孔洞或者溶孔与裂缝叠加形成的高渗区是该气藏开发获得高产稳产气井的关键,而优质白云岩储层埋藏深且存在着较强的非均质性,因此储层预测难度大。为此,开展了相关的地震攻关研究并形成了配套技术,主要包括:①通过已有资料深入分析,建立地质模型,开展正演建立储层地震响应模式;②采用井驱振幅处理技术,并通过VSP测井资料求取球面扩散补偿因子,实现地震资料真振幅恢复;③利用井驱高分辨拓频技术提高深层地震数据的分辨率,获得了高品质的叠前时间偏移成果数据;④通过基于地层模型的全局自动地震解释技术实现多套滩相储层追踪,解决了多套储层横向连片、纵向叠置的预测难题,高质高效地刻画出优质储层的平面展布。利用所形成的配套技术最终实现了准确定位钻井轨迹,指导部署的开发井口口获得高产,助推了百亿立方米级特大型现代化气田的建成。
The Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoir in the Gaoshiti–Moxi area, Sichuan Basin, is a super giant monoblock marine carbonate gas reservoir with its single size being the largest in China. The key to the realization of high and stable production gas wells in this gas reservoir is to identify accurately high-permeability zones where there are dissolved pores or dissolved pores are superimposed with fractures. However, high quality dolomite reservoirs are characterized by large burial depth and strong heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is of difficult. In this paper, related seismic researches were carried out and supporting technologies were developed as follows. First, a geologic model was built after an analysis of the existing data and forward modeling was carried out to establish a reservoir seismic response model. Second, by virtue of well-oriented amplitude processing technology, spherical diffusion compensation factor was obtained based on VSP well logging data and the true amplitude of seismic data was recovered. Third, the resolution of deep seismic data was improved by using the well-oriented high resolution frequency-expanding technology and prestack time migration data of high quality was acquired. And fourth, multiple shoal facies reservoirs were traced by using the global automatic seismic interpretation technology which is based on stratigraphic model, multiple reservoirs which are laterally continuous and vertically superimposed could be predicted, and the areal distribution of high quality reservoirs could be described accurately and efficiently. By virtue of the supporting technologies, drilling trajectory is positioned accurately, and the deployed development wells all have high yield. These technologies also promote the construction of a modern supergiant gas field of tens of billions of cubic meters.
The Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoir in the Gaoshiti–Moxi area, Sichuan Basin, is a super giant monoblock marine carbonate gas reservoir with its single size being the largest in China. The key to the realization of high and stable production gas wells in this gas reservoir is to identify accurately high-permeability zones where there are dissolved pores or dissolved pores are superimposed with fractures. However, high quality dolomite reservoirs are characterized by large burial depth and strong heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is of difficult. In this paper, related seismic researches were carried out and supporting technologies were developed as follows. First, a geologic model was built after an analysis of the existing data and forward modeling was carried out to establish a reservoir seismic response model. Second, by virtue of well-oriented amplitude processing technology, spherical diffusion compensation factor was obtained based on VSP well logging data and the true amplitude of seismic data was recovered. Third, the resolution of deep seismic data was improved by using the well-oriented high resolution frequency-expanding technology and prestack time migration data of high quality was acquired. And fourth, multiple shoal facies reservoirs were traced by using the global automatic seismic interpretation technology which is based on stratigraphic model, multiple reservoirs which are laterally continuous and vertically superimposed could be predicted, and the areal distribution of high quality reservoirs could be described accurately and efficiently. By virtue of the supporting technologies, drilling trajectory is positioned accurately, and the deployed development wells all have high yield. These technologies also promote the construction of a modern supergiant gas field of tens of billions of cubic meters.
引文
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[2]徐世琦,洪海涛,师晓蓉.乐山—龙女寺古隆起与下古生界含油气性的关系探讨[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(3):10-15.Xu Shiqi,Hong Haitao&Shi Xiaorong.Discussion on relationship between Leshan-Longnüsi Paleo uplift and Lower Paleozoic petroleum potential[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2002,25(3):10-15.
[3]张光荣,冉崎,廖奇,喻颐,张旋,陈康,等.四川盆地高磨地区龙王庙组气藏地震勘探关键技术[J].天然气工业,2016,36(5):31-37.Zhang Guangrong,Ran Qi,Liao Qi,Yu Yi,Zhang Xuan,Chen Kang,et al.Key seismic exploration technology for the Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoir in Gaoshiti-Moxi area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(5):31-37.
[4]马腾,谭秀成,李凌,曾伟,金民东,罗冰,等.四川盆地早寒武世龙王庙期沉积特征与古地理[J].沉积学报,2016,34(1):33-48.Ma Teng,Tan Xiucheng,Li Ling,Zeng Wei,Jin Mindong,Luo Bing,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and lithofacies palaeogeography during Longwangmiao period of Early Cambrian,Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2016,34(1):33-48.
[5]金民东,谭秀成,曾伟,李凌,李宗银,罗冰,等.四川盆地磨溪—高石梯地区加里东—海西期龙王庙组构造古地貌恢复及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2016,34(4):634-644.Jin Mindong,Tan Xiucheng,Zeng Wei,Li Ling,Li Zongyin,Luo Bing,et al.Reconstruction of the tectonic palaeogeomorphology of Longwangmiao Formation during the Caledonian-Hercynian period in Moxi-Gaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin and its geological significance[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2016,34(4):634-644.
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[13]朱仕军,唐绪磊,朱鹏宇,吴晓华,路远.碳酸盐岩缝洞储层地震反射波特征及其与油气的关系[J].天然气工业,2014,34(4):57-61.Zhu Shijun,Tang Xulei,Zhu Pengyu,Wu Xiaohua&Lu Yuan.Reflection characteristics of seismic waves of carbonate cave reservoirs and their significance to the oil and gas discovery[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(4):57-61.
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