掺杂氧化铋混凝土的辐射屏蔽效果研究及其优化
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摘要
将氧化铋以粉末形式添加到普通混凝土中,制备出绿色无污染且具有良好的?射线屏蔽性能的掺杂氧化铋的混凝土。相较于普通混凝土,氧化铋-混凝土的屏蔽性能及力学性能均得到改善。对比屏蔽性能实验结果及MCNP5(Monte Carlo N-Particle 5)模拟结果,二者相符很好,可以用MCNP5进行后期配合比设计优化。运用田口方法对水泥量、水胶比、氧化铋比例及砂率等进行优化设计。结果表明,对氧化铋-混凝土屏蔽能力影响最大的参数是氧化铋的加入量,其次为水泥量,水胶比及砂率的影响可忽略。
Background: To enhance the shielding properties of concrete mixtures, there is a tendency toward using various additives while most of these additives being used either pose hygiene hazards or require special handling processes. Purpose: To ensure the concretes being environmentally friendly and providing sufficient gamma ray radiation shielding efficiency, Bi_2O_3-loaded concrete mixtures are researched and optimized. Methods: Both experimental and theoretical methods were used to calculate the linear attenuation coefficient before using the Taguchi method to optimize concrete's mix proportion which includes cement quantity, water-to-cementitious material ratio, Bi2O3 rate and sand ratio. Results: The shielding abilities and mechanical properties of Bi_2O_3-loaded concretes were improved compared with ordinary concrete. There was small inconsistency between results obtained by MCNP5(Monte Carlo N-Particle 5) program and experiment. Conclusion: It was suggested in the study that the most important parameter affecting the attenuation of the concrete's radiation is the Bi_2O_3 rate while cement quantity is the following factors, and the effects of water-to-cementitious material ratio and sand ratio are negligible.
Background: To enhance the shielding properties of concrete mixtures, there is a tendency toward using various additives while most of these additives being used either pose hygiene hazards or require special handling processes. Purpose: To ensure the concretes being environmentally friendly and providing sufficient gamma ray radiation shielding efficiency, Bi_2O_3-loaded concrete mixtures are researched and optimized. Methods: Both experimental and theoretical methods were used to calculate the linear attenuation coefficient before using the Taguchi method to optimize concrete's mix proportion which includes cement quantity, water-to-cementitious material ratio, Bi2O3 rate and sand ratio. Results: The shielding abilities and mechanical properties of Bi_2O_3-loaded concretes were improved compared with ordinary concrete. There was small inconsistency between results obtained by MCNP5(Monte Carlo N-Particle 5) program and experiment. Conclusion: It was suggested in the study that the most important parameter affecting the attenuation of the concrete's radiation is the Bi_2O_3 rate while cement quantity is the following factors, and the effects of water-to-cementitious material ratio and sand ratio are negligible.
引文
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10 JGJ55-2011:普通混凝土配合比设计规程[S].北京:中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部,2011.JGJ55-2011:Specification for mix proportion design of ordinary concrete[S].Beijing:Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China,2011.
11 Singh V P,Medhat M E,Shirmardi S P.Comparative studies on shielding properties of some steel alloys using Geant4,MCNP,Win XCOM and experimental results[J].Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2015,106:255?260.DOI:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.07.002.
12张志程,陆春海,陈敏,等.基于MCNP5与WINXCOM仿真计算的铋玻璃屏蔽特性研究[J].核技术,2013,36(11):110201.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2013.hjs.36.110201.ZHANG Zhicheng,LU Chunhai,CHEN Min,et al.Shielding property of bismuth glass based on MCNP5 and WINXCOM simulated calculation[J].Nuclear Techniques,2013,36(11):110201.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2013.hjs.36.110201.
13 Hamza?ebi C.Optimization of process parameters in oriented strand board manufacturing by Taguchi method[J].Bioresources,2016,11(3):5987?5993.DOI:10.15376/biores.11.3.5987-5993.
2潘智生,赵晖,寇世聪.防辐射混凝土研究现状、存在问题及发展趋势[J].武汉理工大学报,2011,33(1):45?51.PAN Zhisheng,ZHAO Hui,KOU Shicong.Development trend of radiation shielding concrete[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2011,33(1):45?51.
3 Rezaei O D,Azim Khani S.Investigation of gamma-ray shielding properties of concrete containing different percentages of lead[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2012,70(10):2282?2286.DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.06.020.
4 Berna O,Gür A,Ka?al M R,et al.Photon attenuation properties of some concretes containing barite and colemanite in different rates[J].Annals of Nuclear Energy,2013,51:120?124.DOI:10.1016/j.anucene.2012.06.033.
5 Coumoyer M.Lead substitution and elimination study[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2001,249(2):397?402.DOI:10.1023/A:1013226822058.
6 Kaur P,Singh D,Singh T.Heavy metal oxide glasses as gamma rays shielding material[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2016,307:364?376.DOI:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.07.029.
7魏霞.铋系橡胶复合材料的制备及?-ray辐射防护性能研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学,2013.WEI Xia.Study on?-ray radiation protection performance and preparation of bismuth based rubber composites southwest[D].Mianyang:University of Science and Technology,2013.
8 Maghrabi H A,Vijayan A,Deb P,et al.Bismuth oxide-coated fabrics for X-ray shielding[J].Textile Research Journal,2016,86(6):649?658.DOI:10.1177/0040517515592809.
9伍崇明,丁德馨,张辉赤.屏蔽混凝土配合比设计方法研究[J].核动力工程,2007,28(5):124?127.WU Chongming,DING Dexin,ZHANG Huichi.Methods for the design of shielding concrete mix ratio[J].Nuclear Power Engineering,2007,28(5):124?127.
10 JGJ55-2011:普通混凝土配合比设计规程[S].北京:中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部,2011.JGJ55-2011:Specification for mix proportion design of ordinary concrete[S].Beijing:Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China,2011.
11 Singh V P,Medhat M E,Shirmardi S P.Comparative studies on shielding properties of some steel alloys using Geant4,MCNP,Win XCOM and experimental results[J].Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2015,106:255?260.DOI:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.07.002.
12张志程,陆春海,陈敏,等.基于MCNP5与WINXCOM仿真计算的铋玻璃屏蔽特性研究[J].核技术,2013,36(11):110201.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2013.hjs.36.110201.ZHANG Zhicheng,LU Chunhai,CHEN Min,et al.Shielding property of bismuth glass based on MCNP5 and WINXCOM simulated calculation[J].Nuclear Techniques,2013,36(11):110201.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2013.hjs.36.110201.
13 Hamza?ebi C.Optimization of process parameters in oriented strand board manufacturing by Taguchi method[J].Bioresources,2016,11(3):5987?5993.DOI:10.15376/biores.11.3.5987-5993.