2万t重载列车制动与起动条件下轮轨动力特性试验研究
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摘要
为探明长编组、大轴重运输条件下车辆和轨道的动力相互作用问题,基于现场试验方法,研究了2万t重载列车制动与起动条件下的轮轨动力特性,初步掌握了大轴重重载列车制动与起动条件下轮轨作用力、轨道结构位移和振动加速度的响应特征和变化规律,揭示了重载列车制动与起动状态对轮轨性能影响的差异。研究结果表明:列车制动对轮轨垂向力和轨道结构振动加速度的影响较大,其影响随制动时间的增加而逐渐减小;列车起动过程中轮轨垂向力和轨道结构振动加速度随起动时间的增加而增大;列车制动和起动对轮轨横向力及轨道结构位移的影响不大;由于列车制动加速度大于起动加速度,列车制动时的轮轨作用力、轨道结构位移和振动加速度均比起动时要大。
In order to evaluate the dynamic interactions between vehicles and tracks under the condition of heavy haul transport,the wheel-rail dynamic characteristics of a 20 000 t heavy haul train under braking condition and starting condition were studied by site tests. The response characteristics and variation laws of wheel-rail force,displacement and vibration acceleration of track structure under braking condition and starting condition were obtained.The different influences of braking condition and starting condition on wheel-rail performance were revealed.The results show that train braking has a great influence on vertical wheel-rail force and vibration acceleration of track structure,which decreases with the increase of braking time but increases with the increase of starting time.The lateral wheel-rail force and displacement of the track structure are slightly affected by the braking condition or starting condition.The wheelrail force,displacement and vibration acceleration of track structure during the process of train braking are greater than those during the process of train starting.
In order to evaluate the dynamic interactions between vehicles and tracks under the condition of heavy haul transport,the wheel-rail dynamic characteristics of a 20 000 t heavy haul train under braking condition and starting condition were studied by site tests. The response characteristics and variation laws of wheel-rail force,displacement and vibration acceleration of track structure under braking condition and starting condition were obtained.The different influences of braking condition and starting condition on wheel-rail performance were revealed.The results show that train braking has a great influence on vertical wheel-rail force and vibration acceleration of track structure,which decreases with the increase of braking time but increases with the increase of starting time.The lateral wheel-rail force and displacement of the track structure are slightly affected by the braking condition or starting condition.The wheelrail force,displacement and vibration acceleration of track structure during the process of train braking are greater than those during the process of train starting.
引文
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[2]常卫华.30吨轴重重载铁路轨道结构力学特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009.
[3]伍泓桦.蒙华铁路30 t轴重重载列车动力学研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2017.
[4]齐斐斐,黄运华,李芾.30 t轴重货车速度匹配及其轮径选择研究[J].铁道机车车辆,2009,29(2):17-19,51.
[5]吴斌,刘斌,曾志平,等.不同轴重重载列车作用下轮轨垂向力试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2018,15(2):319-327.
[6]尹成斐.重载对铁路轨道结构破坏作用分析[J].铁道建筑,2012,52(9):135-137.
[7]薛继连.30 t轴重下朔黄铁路轨道结构强化技术试验研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(2):70-77.
[8]曹海滨.30 t轴重重载铁路轨道结构强化改造技术[J].铁道建筑,2016,56(7):132-135.
[9]张建峰.大秦重载铁路轨道强化技术方案的探讨[J].铁道建筑,2012,52(6):136-138.
[10]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 2489—94轮轨水平力、垂直力地面测试方法[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[11]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].4版.北京:科学出版社,2015.