118个小麦新品系的农艺性状和分子标记评价
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摘要
【目的】为了解利用大穗型种质普冰04-3504创制的118个衍生小麦新品系的性状表现,对其农艺性状和分子标记位点进行了评价。【方法】对10个农艺性状进行了调查,进行了简单相关分析、多元回归分析和聚类分析,并利用黑麦特异标记对新品系进行评价。【结果】性状分析表明,供试材料各农艺性状存在显著差异,部分新品系具有高穗粒数和高千粒重的特点,27.97%的品系穗粒数>60粒,35.6%的品系千粒重>50 g。相关分析表明,单株产量与抽穗期、穗长、小穗数、有效分蘖数和穗粒数呈极显著正相关,与株高达到极显著负相关。多元回归分析表明,群体中抽穗期、小穗数、有效分蘖数、穗粒数和千粒重是主要的产量影响因子,其中对单株产量影响最大的是有效分蘖和穗粒数。聚类分析将供试材料分为农艺性状表现各异的6类。小麦黑麦特异引物ω-sec-p3/p4对供试材料的鉴定表明,所有材料均含有黑麦1RS血缘。【结论】部分新创制的小麦新品系保留了亲本的多粒特性,以及具有黑麦1RS血缘,其中表现突出的材料可以在小麦遗传研究和育种中得到利用。
【Objective】In order to understand the performance of 118 new wheat strains created by the germplasm Pubing 04-3504 with large-spike type,agronomic traits and molecular marker loci were e valuated.【Method】A total of 10 agronomic traits were evaluated by correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis,and cluster analysis,while all the strains we investigated by special molecular marker of rye.【Result】The analysis of traits showed that there were significant differences in agronomic traits among the wheat strains. Some of wheat strains had higher kernel number per spike and higher thousand-kernel weight. Kernel number per spike exceeded 60 in 27.97% of all the strains,and thousandkernel weight exceeded 50 g in 35.6% of the strains. The correlation analysis showed that the grain weight per plant had a significant positive correlation with the heading date,spike length,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number and kernels number per spike;the plant height reached a significant negative correlation. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the heading date,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number,kernel number per spike and thousand-kernel weight were the main factors affecting the grain weight per plant. Cluster analysis divided all materials in six groups with different agronom-ic performance. All the strains contained 1RS fragment of rye through evaluating the rye-derived specific ω-sec-p3/p4 marker locus.【Conclusion】The results indicated that the newly breeding wheat strains retained the multi-species specificity of the parents and had rye 1RS ancestry,and outstanding performance materials can be used in wheat genetic research and breeding.
【Objective】In order to understand the performance of 118 new wheat strains created by the germplasm Pubing 04-3504 with large-spike type,agronomic traits and molecular marker loci were e valuated.【Method】A total of 10 agronomic traits were evaluated by correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis,and cluster analysis,while all the strains we investigated by special molecular marker of rye.【Result】The analysis of traits showed that there were significant differences in agronomic traits among the wheat strains. Some of wheat strains had higher kernel number per spike and higher thousand-kernel weight. Kernel number per spike exceeded 60 in 27.97% of all the strains,and thousandkernel weight exceeded 50 g in 35.6% of the strains. The correlation analysis showed that the grain weight per plant had a significant positive correlation with the heading date,spike length,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number and kernels number per spike;the plant height reached a significant negative correlation. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the heading date,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number,kernel number per spike and thousand-kernel weight were the main factors affecting the grain weight per plant. Cluster analysis divided all materials in six groups with different agronom-ic performance. All the strains contained 1RS fragment of rye through evaluating the rye-derived specific ω-sec-p3/p4 marker locus.【Conclusion】The results indicated that the newly breeding wheat strains retained the multi-species specificity of the parents and had rye 1RS ancestry,and outstanding performance materials can be used in wheat genetic research and breeding.
引文
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[6]郑有良,颜济,杨俊良.小麦多小穗品系10-A单株籽粒产量染色体效应的研究[J].遗传,1994,16(4):27-30.
[7]魏育明,郑有良.内源激素与多小穗小麦幼穗分化持续时间的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(2):35-38.
[8]杨武云,黄钢,胡晓蓉,等.多小穗小麦10-A幼穗发育的遗传研究[J].西南农业学报,1997,10(3):43-47.
[9]古晓红,骈跃斌,牛瑜琦,等.对一些小麦新品系农艺性状和品质性状的相关分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(6):643-647.
[10]孙艳丽,李卓夫,张喜君.小麦主要农艺性状协调关系的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2002(2):13-15.
[11]孙道杰,王辉,闵东红等.小麦品种产量改良的限制因素分析[J].西南农业学报,2002,15(13):13-16.
[12]谭飞泉,张怀琼,任正隆.“协调型”小麦新品种的产量潜力及其构成的研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2003,21(3):189-192.
[13]郭秀焕,赵平,连光艳,等.超级小麦的育种方法与实践[J].山东农业科学,2005(6):19-20.
[14]吴昆仑.利用SSR标记检测渗入普通小麦的冰草遗传物质[J].青海大学学报,2007,25(6):49-51.
[15]TAKHTAJAN A L.Outline of the classification of flowering plants(Magnoliophyta)[J].Botanical Review,1980,46(3):225-359.
[16]李立会,董玉琛,周荣华,等.小麦×冰草属间杂种F1的植株再生及其变异[J].遗传学报,1992,19(3):250-258.
[17]李立会,董玉琛.普通小麦×根茎冰草×黑麦三属杂种自交可育性的细胞学机理[J].遗传学报,1995,22(4):280-285.
[18]李立会,杨欣明,李秀全,等.通过属间杂交向小麦转移冰草优异基因的研究[J].中国农业科学,1998,31(6):1-6.
[19]武晓阳.普通小麦-冰草衍生系普冰3504多粒性状QTL高密度遗传图谱构建[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.
[20]陈丹.小麦-冰草多粒新种质的遗传与利用基础研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[21]任正隆.雨养农业区的小麦育种[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:264.
[22]李立会,李秀全.小麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[23]王关林,方宏筠.植物基因工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:742-744.
[24]CHAI J F,ZHOU R H,JIA J Z,et al.Development and application of a new co-dominant PCR marker for detecting 1 BL·1RSwheat-rye chromosome translocations[J].Plant Breeding,2010,125(3):302-304.
[25]李式昭,朱华忠,郑建敏,等.四川小麦品种的产量潜力研究[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(1):24-29.
[26]高亚婷,刘登才,张怀刚,等.小麦重要农艺性状在四川和青海两地的表型变异规律[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(2):18-23.
[27]付庆云,杨金华,杨靖.四川和黄淮生态区小麦品种(系)主要产量性状比较[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(20):4817-4820.
[28]吴晓丽,汤永禄,李朝苏,等.四川盆地小麦籽粒的灌浆特性[J].作物学报,2014,40(2):337-345.
[29]李式昭,朱华忠,郑建敏,等.四川小麦品种的灌浆特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):938-942.
[30]伍玲,朱华忠.四川省10年来小麦育种的产量变化[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(1):212-219.
[31]姚盟,张玲丽,冯毅,等.黄淮麦区小麦新品系主要农艺性状变异分析[J].种子,2015,34(9):66-70.
[32]杜丽媛,刘伟华,杨欣明.小麦冰草新种质普冰20111姊妹系的育种效应分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(3):395-403.
[33]徐翠莲,杨衍菊,王瑞清.小麦籽粒品质性状与农艺性状间的相关分析[J].种子,2013,32(2):85-88.
[34]谢成俊,王平,李卫民,等.小麦收获指数与主要农艺性状的相关性分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(3):88-93.
[35]陈华萍,魏育明,王照丽,等.四川小麦地方品种农艺性状分析[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):791-795.
[36]俞世蓉,郭蔼平,魏燮中.聚类分析应用于小麦品种资源数量分类的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,1982,5(4):117-125.
[37]张芬,杨明.冬小麦数量形状的遗传距离估测与聚类分析[J].安徽农学院学报,1987,14(1):23-30.
[38]CHEN D,WU X,WU K,et al.Novel and favorable genomic regions for spike related traits in a wheat germplasm Pubing 3504with high grain number per spike under varying environments[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2017,16(11):2386-2401.
[2]GUPGZ P K,MIR R R,MOHAN,et al.Wheat genomics:present status and future prospects[J].International Journal of Plant Genomics,2014,2008(1687-5370):896451.
[3]张立平.普通小麦品质性状遗传与QTL分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.
[4]杜振华,孙芳华,陈孝,等.“八五”小麦育种攻关研究概述[R].北京:中国农业出版社,1996:1-14.
[5]饶世达,张丽珠,李生荣.四川小麦育种历史及建国以来的主要成就[M].成都:四川科技出版社,1998:129-142.
[6]郑有良,颜济,杨俊良.小麦多小穗品系10-A单株籽粒产量染色体效应的研究[J].遗传,1994,16(4):27-30.
[7]魏育明,郑有良.内源激素与多小穗小麦幼穗分化持续时间的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(2):35-38.
[8]杨武云,黄钢,胡晓蓉,等.多小穗小麦10-A幼穗发育的遗传研究[J].西南农业学报,1997,10(3):43-47.
[9]古晓红,骈跃斌,牛瑜琦,等.对一些小麦新品系农艺性状和品质性状的相关分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(6):643-647.
[10]孙艳丽,李卓夫,张喜君.小麦主要农艺性状协调关系的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2002(2):13-15.
[11]孙道杰,王辉,闵东红等.小麦品种产量改良的限制因素分析[J].西南农业学报,2002,15(13):13-16.
[12]谭飞泉,张怀琼,任正隆.“协调型”小麦新品种的产量潜力及其构成的研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2003,21(3):189-192.
[13]郭秀焕,赵平,连光艳,等.超级小麦的育种方法与实践[J].山东农业科学,2005(6):19-20.
[14]吴昆仑.利用SSR标记检测渗入普通小麦的冰草遗传物质[J].青海大学学报,2007,25(6):49-51.
[15]TAKHTAJAN A L.Outline of the classification of flowering plants(Magnoliophyta)[J].Botanical Review,1980,46(3):225-359.
[16]李立会,董玉琛,周荣华,等.小麦×冰草属间杂种F1的植株再生及其变异[J].遗传学报,1992,19(3):250-258.
[17]李立会,董玉琛.普通小麦×根茎冰草×黑麦三属杂种自交可育性的细胞学机理[J].遗传学报,1995,22(4):280-285.
[18]李立会,杨欣明,李秀全,等.通过属间杂交向小麦转移冰草优异基因的研究[J].中国农业科学,1998,31(6):1-6.
[19]武晓阳.普通小麦-冰草衍生系普冰3504多粒性状QTL高密度遗传图谱构建[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.
[20]陈丹.小麦-冰草多粒新种质的遗传与利用基础研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[21]任正隆.雨养农业区的小麦育种[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:264.
[22]李立会,李秀全.小麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[23]王关林,方宏筠.植物基因工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:742-744.
[24]CHAI J F,ZHOU R H,JIA J Z,et al.Development and application of a new co-dominant PCR marker for detecting 1 BL·1RSwheat-rye chromosome translocations[J].Plant Breeding,2010,125(3):302-304.
[25]李式昭,朱华忠,郑建敏,等.四川小麦品种的产量潜力研究[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(1):24-29.
[26]高亚婷,刘登才,张怀刚,等.小麦重要农艺性状在四川和青海两地的表型变异规律[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(2):18-23.
[27]付庆云,杨金华,杨靖.四川和黄淮生态区小麦品种(系)主要产量性状比较[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(20):4817-4820.
[28]吴晓丽,汤永禄,李朝苏,等.四川盆地小麦籽粒的灌浆特性[J].作物学报,2014,40(2):337-345.
[29]李式昭,朱华忠,郑建敏,等.四川小麦品种的灌浆特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):938-942.
[30]伍玲,朱华忠.四川省10年来小麦育种的产量变化[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(1):212-219.
[31]姚盟,张玲丽,冯毅,等.黄淮麦区小麦新品系主要农艺性状变异分析[J].种子,2015,34(9):66-70.
[32]杜丽媛,刘伟华,杨欣明.小麦冰草新种质普冰20111姊妹系的育种效应分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(3):395-403.
[33]徐翠莲,杨衍菊,王瑞清.小麦籽粒品质性状与农艺性状间的相关分析[J].种子,2013,32(2):85-88.
[34]谢成俊,王平,李卫民,等.小麦收获指数与主要农艺性状的相关性分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(3):88-93.
[35]陈华萍,魏育明,王照丽,等.四川小麦地方品种农艺性状分析[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):791-795.
[36]俞世蓉,郭蔼平,魏燮中.聚类分析应用于小麦品种资源数量分类的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,1982,5(4):117-125.
[37]张芬,杨明.冬小麦数量形状的遗传距离估测与聚类分析[J].安徽农学院学报,1987,14(1):23-30.
[38]CHEN D,WU X,WU K,et al.Novel and favorable genomic regions for spike related traits in a wheat germplasm Pubing 3504with high grain number per spike under varying environments[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2017,16(11):2386-2401.