不同化蛹基质对普通大蓟马蛹期、羽化率及性比的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究沙子、蛭石、锯末、厨房用纸对普通大蓟马Megalurothrips usitatu羽化率的影响。【方法】以沙子、蛭石、锯末和厨房用纸为基质,其中沙子、蛭石和锯末分别设置3个湿度,进行普通大蓟马羽化的室内试验,观察并记录每日成虫羽化数。【结果】普通大蓟马在厨房用纸中的羽化率最高,为54.33%,其次为含水量(w)5%的沙子,羽化率为44.67%,在蛭石中的羽化率最低;在含水量(w)5%的沙子中蛹历期最短,为5.29 d,其次为含水量(w)7%的沙子,为6.01 d,其他基质中的蛹历期无明显差异;在w为30%的蛭石中羽化性比(雄性∶雌性)最高,为0.60,其次为25%的蛭石,性比为0.48。【结论】本试验条件下,厨房用纸最适用于普通大蓟马室内饲养的化蛹基质。
【Objective】To investigate the effects of sand, vermiculite, sawdust, kitchen paper on the eclosion rate of Megalurothrips usitatus.【Method】Sand, sawdust and vermiculite, all with three moisture levels, and kitchen paper were used as growth substrates for M. usitatus pupation in laboratory experiments. The number of emerged insects were observed and recorded daily.【Result】The highest eclosion rate(54.33%) was observed for M. usitatus in kitchen paper, followed by 44.67% in sand with 5% water content, and the lowest eclosion rate was recorded in vermiculite treatment. The shortest pupa developmental period(5.29 d) was observed for M.usitatus in sand with 5% water content, followed by 6.01 d in sand with 7% water content. The highest malefemale ratio(0.60) was observed for M. usitatus in vermiculite with 30% water content, followed by 0.48 in vermiculite with 25% water content.【Conclusion】Kitchen paper is the most suitable pupation substrate for M.usitatus under current laboratory conditions.
【Objective】To investigate the effects of sand, vermiculite, sawdust, kitchen paper on the eclosion rate of Megalurothrips usitatus.【Method】Sand, sawdust and vermiculite, all with three moisture levels, and kitchen paper were used as growth substrates for M. usitatus pupation in laboratory experiments. The number of emerged insects were observed and recorded daily.【Result】The highest eclosion rate(54.33%) was observed for M. usitatus in kitchen paper, followed by 44.67% in sand with 5% water content, and the lowest eclosion rate was recorded in vermiculite treatment. The shortest pupa developmental period(5.29 d) was observed for M.usitatus in sand with 5% water content, followed by 6.01 d in sand with 7% water content. The highest malefemale ratio(0.60) was observed for M. usitatus in vermiculite with 30% water content, followed by 0.48 in vermiculite with 25% water content.【Conclusion】Kitchen paper is the most suitable pupation substrate for M.usitatus under current laboratory conditions.
引文
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[14]范咏梅,童晓立,高良举,等.普通大蓟马在海南豇豆上的空间分布型[J].环境昆虫学报,2013,35(6):37-43.
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[16]肖春雷,刘勇,吴青君,等.不同药剂对三亚地区豇豆上普通大蓟马的毒力[J].植物保护,2014,40(6):164-166.
[17]唐良德,赵海燕,付步礼,等.海南地区豆大蓟马田间种群的抗药性监测[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(5):1032-1037.
[18]邱海燕,刘奎,李鹏,等.豆大蓟马的生物学特性研究[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(12):2437-2441.
[19]刘奎,唐良德,李鹏,等.几种杀虫剂对豆大蓟马的毒力测定及复配增效作用[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1615-1618.
[20]唐良德,王晓双,赵海燕,等.大草蛉幼虫捕食豆大蓟马和豆蚜的功能反应及生长发育[J].中国生物防治学报,2017,33(1):49-55.
[21]韩云,唐良德,付步礼,等.土壤含水量和土壤类型对豆大蓟马蛹期发育和羽化的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):710-714.
[22]耿济国,张建新,张孝羲.昆虫生态及预测预报实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1991.
[23]孟国玲,唐国文.不同土壤含水量对蓟马化蛹的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2002(6):35-36.
[24]谭珂.寄主植物和成虫性比对普通大蓟马种群的影响[D].海口:海南大学,2015.
[2]郑建武.中国蓟马族的分类研究(缨翅目:蓟马科)[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[3]MOUND L A,WALKER A K.Thysanoptera as tropical tramps:New records from New Zealand and the Pacific[J].NZ Entomol,1987(9):70-85.
[4]唐国文,龚信文,孟国玲.武汉地区蔬菜蓟马种类研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(1):5-9.
[5]袁成明,郅军锐,李景柱,等.贵州省蔬菜蓟马种类调查研究[J].中国植保导刊,2008,28(7):8-10.
[6]CHANG N T.Seasonal abundance and developmental biology of thrips Megalurothrips usitatus on soybean at southern area of Taiwan[J].Plant Protection Bulletin,Taiwan,1987,29(2):165-173.
[7]MIYAZAKI M,KUDO I,IQBAL A.Notes on the thrips(Thysanoptera)occurring on the soybean in Java[J].Kontyu,Tokyo,1984,52(4):482-486.
[8]张念台.蓟马为害杂量之习性及其防治[J].中华昆虫特刊,1987(1):55-72.
[9]CHANG N T.The preference of thrips,Megalurothrips usitatus(Bagnall),for three leguminous plants[J].Plant Protection Bulletin,Taiwan,1988,30(1):68-77.
[10]唐良德,付步礼,邱海燕,等.豆大蓟马对12种杀虫剂的敏感性测定[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(3):570-574.
[11]TANG L D,YAN K L,FU B L,et al.The life table parameters of Megalurothrips usitatus(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)on four leguminous crops[J].Florida Entomologist,2015,98(2):620-625.
[12]陈剑山,李鹏,刘奎,等.3种药剂对豇豆蓟马的田间防效评价[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(5):66-67.
[13]李荣云,赖廷锋,欧李坚,等.合浦县豇豆蓟马危害特点及防治技术[J].现代农业科技,2011(19):211.
[14]范咏梅,童晓立,高良举,等.普通大蓟马在海南豇豆上的空间分布型[J].环境昆虫学报,2013,35(6):37-43.
[15]麦昌青,王硕,袁伟方.三亚市冬季瓜菜豇豆蓟马预测方法和绿色防控技术初探[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(11):43-45.
[16]肖春雷,刘勇,吴青君,等.不同药剂对三亚地区豇豆上普通大蓟马的毒力[J].植物保护,2014,40(6):164-166.
[17]唐良德,赵海燕,付步礼,等.海南地区豆大蓟马田间种群的抗药性监测[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(5):1032-1037.
[18]邱海燕,刘奎,李鹏,等.豆大蓟马的生物学特性研究[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(12):2437-2441.
[19]刘奎,唐良德,李鹏,等.几种杀虫剂对豆大蓟马的毒力测定及复配增效作用[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1615-1618.
[20]唐良德,王晓双,赵海燕,等.大草蛉幼虫捕食豆大蓟马和豆蚜的功能反应及生长发育[J].中国生物防治学报,2017,33(1):49-55.
[21]韩云,唐良德,付步礼,等.土壤含水量和土壤类型对豆大蓟马蛹期发育和羽化的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):710-714.
[22]耿济国,张建新,张孝羲.昆虫生态及预测预报实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1991.
[23]孟国玲,唐国文.不同土壤含水量对蓟马化蛹的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2002(6):35-36.
[24]谭珂.寄主植物和成虫性比对普通大蓟马种群的影响[D].海口:海南大学,2015.