河流陆域环境交互区域风险评估方法研究
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摘要
河流为人类社会的发展做出了巨大贡献,陆域的生产生活活动也给河流带来了不可忽视的影响,因此研究两者交互区域的风险评估并确定优先保护区域,对于促进两个系统健康发展具有十分重要的意义.本文从系统论角度出发,充分考虑了河流与陆域两个系统之间的联系与相互作用,分别对两个系统选取不同指标,河流环境系统主要考虑水体的水文、水质、生物、河岸带状况及压力等指标,陆域环境系统主要考虑社会压力指标、现有状态指标和恢复潜力指标,并将两个系统的评价结果带入风险评估矩阵对交互区域所处风险等级进行评价,并对云南省昆明市市内盘龙江河段和老运粮河河段进行了实例验证与分析,得到较为符合实际的评估结果,为今后该地区水体污染治理方向提供了一定的依据.
Rivers are essential part of basins while our social activities in land area will have certain influence on the river system.Therefore,a risk analysis of the interactive regions of these two systems is in need to determinate the priority area.Based on this,we analyzed the connection and then selected different indicators of these two systems respectively.For river environment system,we chose hydrological characteristics,water quality characteristics,biological indicators,riverside belt and pressure indicator;for land area environment system,social pressure and recovery potential,existing state were considered.We evaluated the relationship between the river and land area through the risk assessment matrix and applied this method in two cases in Kunming.The result is reasonable and can be referred in establishment of environmental rules for this area.
Rivers are essential part of basins while our social activities in land area will have certain influence on the river system.Therefore,a risk analysis of the interactive regions of these two systems is in need to determinate the priority area.Based on this,we analyzed the connection and then selected different indicators of these two systems respectively.For river environment system,we chose hydrological characteristics,water quality characteristics,biological indicators,riverside belt and pressure indicator;for land area environment system,social pressure and recovery potential,existing state were considered.We evaluated the relationship between the river and land area through the risk assessment matrix and applied this method in two cases in Kunming.The result is reasonable and can be referred in establishment of environmental rules for this area.
引文
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卞锦宇,耿雷华,方瑞,等.2010.河流健康评价体系研究[J].中国农村水利水电,(9):39-42
陈卓雅,郭泺,薛达元,等.2015.基于GIS的新县生态敏感性分析[J].生态科学,34(1):97-102
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耿雷华,刘恒,钟华平,等.2006.健康河流的评价指标和评价标准[J].水利学报,37(3):253-258
黄奎,李薇,付正辉,等.2014.基于Kent法修正后的库鄯线输油管道风险评价[J].工业安全与环保,40(12):54-57
靳书斌,侯磊,杨玉峰,等.2014.基于Kent法的PE燃气管道风险评价指标体系[J].煤气与热力,34(3):34-39
李浩宇,颜宏亮,孟令超,等.2013.河流-流域生态系统健康评价研究进展.[J]水利科技与经济,19(9):1-4
Meyer J L.1997.Stream health:incorporating the human dimension to advance stream ecology[J].The North American Benthological Society,16(2):439-447
马铁民.2008.辽河流域健康评价指标体系初探[J].东北水利水电,26(12):1-3
倪晋仁,刘元元.2006.河流健康诊断与生态修复[J].中国水利,(13):4-10
欧阳志云,王效科,苗鸿,等.2000.中国生态环境敏感性及其区域差异规律研究[J].生态学报,20(1):9-12
宋晓龙,李晓文,白军红,等.2009.黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区生态敏感性评价[J].生态学报,29(9):4836-4846
Schofield N J,Davies P E.1996.Measuring the health of our rivers[J].Water,5-6(23):39-43
Simpson J,Norris R,Barmuta L,et al.1999.AusRiv AS-National River Health Program[R].User Manual Website version
孙博,马涛,李伟.2015.辽宁省典型河流生态健康评价指标体系研究[J].人民黄河,37(9):81-84
王一惠.2009.基于中国的城市化与环境发展关系实证分析[J].统计与咨询,(3):6-7
吴阿娜,杨凯,车越,等.2005.河流健康状况的表征及其评价[J].水科学进展,16(4):602-608
徐菲,王永刚,张楠,等.2017.北京市白河和潮河流域生态健康评价[J].生态学报,37(3):1-11
岳隽,王仰麟.2005.国内外河岸带研究的进展与展望[J].地理科学进展,24(5):33-40
赵世民,王道玮,王江涛.2013.昆明市生态环境状况评价及政策[J].环境科学导刊,32(2):102-105
赵彦伟,杨志峰.2005.城市河流生态系统健康评价初探[J].水科学进展,16(3):349-355
朱建军,王孟光,刘士新.2007.AHP判断矩阵一致性改进的若干问题研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,(1):18-22
卞锦宇,耿雷华,方瑞,等.2010.河流健康评价体系研究[J].中国农村水利水电,(9):39-42
陈卓雅,郭泺,薛达元,等.2015.基于GIS的新县生态敏感性分析[J].生态科学,34(1):97-102
邓晓军,许有鹏,翟禄新,等.2014.城市河流健康评价指标体系构建及其应用[J].生态学报,34(4):993-1001
邓雪,李家铭,曾浩健,等.2012.层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,42(7):93-100
董哲仁等.2003.河流形态多样性与生物群落多样性[J].水利学报,(11):1-6
耿雷华,刘恒,钟华平,等.2006.健康河流的评价指标和评价标准[J].水利学报,37(3):253-258
黄奎,李薇,付正辉,等.2014.基于Kent法修正后的库鄯线输油管道风险评价[J].工业安全与环保,40(12):54-57
靳书斌,侯磊,杨玉峰,等.2014.基于Kent法的PE燃气管道风险评价指标体系[J].煤气与热力,34(3):34-39
李浩宇,颜宏亮,孟令超,等.2013.河流-流域生态系统健康评价研究进展.[J]水利科技与经济,19(9):1-4
Meyer J L.1997.Stream health:incorporating the human dimension to advance stream ecology[J].The North American Benthological Society,16(2):439-447
马铁民.2008.辽河流域健康评价指标体系初探[J].东北水利水电,26(12):1-3
倪晋仁,刘元元.2006.河流健康诊断与生态修复[J].中国水利,(13):4-10
欧阳志云,王效科,苗鸿,等.2000.中国生态环境敏感性及其区域差异规律研究[J].生态学报,20(1):9-12
宋晓龙,李晓文,白军红,等.2009.黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区生态敏感性评价[J].生态学报,29(9):4836-4846
Schofield N J,Davies P E.1996.Measuring the health of our rivers[J].Water,5-6(23):39-43
Simpson J,Norris R,Barmuta L,et al.1999.AusRiv AS-National River Health Program[R].User Manual Website version
孙博,马涛,李伟.2015.辽宁省典型河流生态健康评价指标体系研究[J].人民黄河,37(9):81-84
王一惠.2009.基于中国的城市化与环境发展关系实证分析[J].统计与咨询,(3):6-7
吴阿娜,杨凯,车越,等.2005.河流健康状况的表征及其评价[J].水科学进展,16(4):602-608
徐菲,王永刚,张楠,等.2017.北京市白河和潮河流域生态健康评价[J].生态学报,37(3):1-11
岳隽,王仰麟.2005.国内外河岸带研究的进展与展望[J].地理科学进展,24(5):33-40
赵世民,王道玮,王江涛.2013.昆明市生态环境状况评价及政策[J].环境科学导刊,32(2):102-105
赵彦伟,杨志峰.2005.城市河流生态系统健康评价初探[J].水科学进展,16(3):349-355
朱建军,王孟光,刘士新.2007.AHP判断矩阵一致性改进的若干问题研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,(1):18-22