淮河流域浅层地下水氮污染阻断优先控制区识别
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摘要
地下水向地表水排氮是地表水氮污染的主要来源之一.如何从水循环角度有效控制地下水中的氮向地表水排泄是地表水氮污染控制的关键问题,而如何从流域尺度识别出哪些是地下水向地表水排氮的高风险区域,则是阻控地下水向地表水排氮的难点.为此提出了地下水氮污染阻断优先控制区的定义和识别方法,以淮河流域为研究区,从地下水与地表水的相互作用关系、地下水氮污染程度和地下水遭受氮污染的风险三方面,按照优先治理地下水—地表水相互作用强、氮污染等级高、特殊脆弱性高的原则识别淮河流域浅层地下水氮污染阻断优先控制区.本研究为大流域尺度的地下水—地表水氮污染综合防控提供了新思路.
Groundwater discharge is one of the primary sources of surface water nitrogen pollution.For the nitrogen pollution problem at the basin scale,the key problem to control nitrogen pollution is to control nitrogen pollutant in groundwater discharge to surface water,and the real difficulty to block nitrogen discharge is identification of the high risk areas where groundwater discharge nitrogen to surface water.In this study,we proposed the definition and identification methods of prior control areas for nitrogen pollution blocking in groundwater,and identified prior control areas of levelsⅠ,ⅡandⅢin Huai River Basin(HRB)on the base of the interaction of groundwater and surface water,groundwater nitrogen pollution degree and groundwater nitrogen pollution risk.The fundamental principle is prior control over areas of high interactions between surface water and groundwater,high concentration of nitrogen pollutants and high risk of nitrogen pollution.This study provides a novel train of thought for comprehensive prevention and control of groundwater-surface water nitrogen pollution at basin scale.
Groundwater discharge is one of the primary sources of surface water nitrogen pollution.For the nitrogen pollution problem at the basin scale,the key problem to control nitrogen pollution is to control nitrogen pollutant in groundwater discharge to surface water,and the real difficulty to block nitrogen discharge is identification of the high risk areas where groundwater discharge nitrogen to surface water.In this study,we proposed the definition and identification methods of prior control areas for nitrogen pollution blocking in groundwater,and identified prior control areas of levelsⅠ,ⅡandⅢin Huai River Basin(HRB)on the base of the interaction of groundwater and surface water,groundwater nitrogen pollution degree and groundwater nitrogen pollution risk.The fundamental principle is prior control over areas of high interactions between surface water and groundwater,high concentration of nitrogen pollutants and high risk of nitrogen pollution.This study provides a novel train of thought for comprehensive prevention and control of groundwater-surface water nitrogen pollution at basin scale.
引文
[1]刘琼.抗生素废水中氮的转化特性研究.安徽农业科学,2011,39(11):6738-6740.(Liu Q.Characterization of nitrogen in antibiotic wastewater.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(11):6738-6740.)
[2]王飞.潜流带氮素迁移转化过程的影响因素研究.硕士学位论文.长春:吉林大学,2013.(Wang F.Study on the influencing factors of transportation-transformation processes for nitrogen in hyporheic zone.Master’s Dissertation.Changchun:Jilin University,2013.)
[3]环境保护部,发展改革委,财政部等.重点流域水污染防治规划(2011—2015),2011.(Ministry of Environmental Protection,National Development and Reform Commission,Ministry of Finance,et al.Key river basins water pollution control plan(2011-2015),2011.)
[4]陈荦.沙颍河流域地下水流与硝酸盐运移模拟及其对地表水污染的贡献研究.硕士学位论文.南京:南京大学,2013.(Chen L.Modeling of the water flow and nitrate transport in the shallow aquifer of the Shaying River Basin and its contribution to river pollution.Master’s Dissertation.Nanjing:Nanjing University,2013.)
[5]薛禹群,张幼宽.地下水污染防治在我国水体污染控制与治理中的双重意义.环境科学学报,2009,29(3):474-481.(Xue Y Q,Zhang Y K.Two fold significance of groundwater pollution prevention in China’s water pollution control.Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2009,29(3):474-481.)
[6]Zhang Y,Schilling K E.Increasing streamflow and baseflow in Mississippi River since the1940s:Effect of land use change.Journal of Hydrology,2006,324(1):412-422.
[7]Schilling K,Zhang Y.Baseflow contribution to nitrate-nitrogen export from a large,agricultural watershed,USA.Journal of Hydrology.2004,295(1):305-316.
[8]汉典.优先.http://www.zdic.net/c/8/f/23369.htm.(Han Canon.Priority.http://www.zdic.net/c/8/f/23369.htm.)
[9]郑庆子,祝琳琳.松花江吉林江段优先控制污染物筛选.环境科技,2012,25(4):68-70.(Zheng Q Z,Zhu L L.The selection of the priority control contaminants in Jilin section of the Songhua River.Environmental Science and Technology,2012,25(4):68-70.)
[10]Eriksson E,Christensen N,Schmidt J E,et al.Potential priority pollutants in sewage sludge.Desalination,2008,226(1):371-388.
[11]von-der-Ohe P C,Dulio V,Slobodnik J,et al.A new risk assessment approach for the prioritization of 500classical and emerging organic microcontaminants as potential river basin specific pollutants under the European Water Framework Directive.Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(11):2064-2077.
[12]厉以强,周建中,刘洪等.遗传毒性试验在污染源优先控制中的筛选应用.中国环境监测,1996,3(12):24-26.(Li Y Q,Zhou J Z,Liu H,et al.The screening application of genotoxicology experiment to the prior control to pollution sources.Environmental Monitoring in China,1996,3(12):24-26.)
[13]钟秀.基于地下水饮用水源地保护的污染源优控等级评价.硕士学位论文.武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2013.(Zhong X.The priority control classification evaluation of contamination sources based on the protection of drinking groundwater wellhead.Master’s Dissertation.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),2013.)
[14]Hansen B G,Van Haelst A G,Van Leeuwen K,et al.Priority setting for existing chemicals:European Union risk ranking method.Environmental Toxic-ology and Chemistry,1999,18(4):772-779.
[15]苏玉,蔡佳亮,汪杰等.中国农业污染优先控制区的划分方法初探.环境污染与防治,2009,31(10):87-90.(Su Y,Cai J L,Wang J,et al.A preliminary study on the method of dividing the priority areas of agricultural pollution in China.Environmental Pollution and Control,2009,31(10):87-90.)
[16]吴珺.农业污染优先控制区划分.硕士学位论文.合肥:安徽农业大学,2013.(Wu J.Division of prior regions for agricultural pollution control—Anhui province as an example.Master’s Dissertation.Hefei:Anhui Agricultural University,2013.)
[17]王伟,冯海波,臧志雪等.河北省海河流域污染防治优先控制单元研究.南水北调与水利科技,2011,9(5):59-62.(Wang W,Feng H B,Zang Z X,et al.Research of priority control unit for pollution prevention at Haihe River Basin in Hebei province.South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science and Technology,2011,9(5):59-62.)
[18]陈新明,马腾,蔡鹤生等.地下水氮污染的区域性调控策略.地质科技情报,2013,32(6):130-143.(Chen X M,Ma T,Cai H S,et al.Regional control of groundwater nitrogen contamination.Geological Science and Technology Information,2013,32(6):130-143.)
[19]Pionke H B,Gburek W J,Sharpley A N.Critical source area controls on water quality in an agricultural watershed located in the Chesapeake Basin.Ecological Engineering,2000,14(4):325-335.
[20]Orlikowski D,Bugey A,Périllon C,et al.Development of a GIS method to localize critical source areas of diffuse nitrate pollution.Water Science and Technology,2011,64(4):892.
[21]Sophocleous M.Interactions between ground-water and surface water:the state of the science.Hydrogeology Journal,2002,10(1):52-67.
[22]罗泽娇,靳孟贵.地下水三氮污染的研究进展.水文地质工程地质,2002,29(4):65-69.(Luo Z J,Jin M G.Research progress of ammonia,nitrite and nitrate pollution in groundwater.Hydrog-eology and Engineering Geology,2002,29(4):65-69.)
[23]中华人民共和国国家标准.地下水质量标准GB/T 14848-93.(People’s Republic of China National Standard.Quality standard for groundwater GB/T 14848-93.)
[24]王焰新.地下水污染与防治.北京:高等教育出版社,2007:266-287.(Wang Y X.Groundwater contamination.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007:266-287.)
[25]闫雅妮,王妍妍,郑倩琳等.地下水硝酸盐特殊脆弱性评价:以沙颍河流域为例.环境科学与技术,2015,8:44.(Yan Y N,Wang Y Y,Zheng Q L,et al.Assessment of groundwater nitrate specific vulnerability:A case study in Shaying River Basin.Environmental Science and Technology,2015,8:44.)
[26]陈攀,李兰,周文财.水资源脆弱性及评价方法国内外研究进展.水资源保护,2011,27(5):32-38.(Chen P,Li L,Zhou W C.Research progress on vulnerability of water resources and assessment methods at home and abroad.Water Resources Protection,2011,27(5):32-38.)
[27]中国地质调查局.地下水脆弱性评价技术要求,2006.(China Geological Survey.Technical requirements of groundwater vulnerability assessment,2006.)
[28]中华人民共和国环境保护部.淮河流域水污染防治“十二五”规划编制大纲,2010.(Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.The twelfth five-year planning outline of Huai River Basin water pollution prevention and control,2010.)
[29]唐克旺,吴玉成,侯杰.中国地下水资源质量评价(Ⅱ)——地下水水质现状和污染分析.水资源保护,2006,22(3):1-4.(Tang K W,Wu Y C,Hou J.Assessment of groundwater quality in China:Ⅱ.Groundwater quality and pollution analysis.Water Resources Protection,2006,22(3):1-4.)
[30]叶念军,刘红樱.淮河流域环境地质综合研究报告.研究报告.南京地质矿产研究所,南京,2009.(Ye N J,Liu H Y.Research report on environmental and geology in Huai River Basin.Technical Report.Nanjing Geology and Mineral Resource Institute,Nanjing,2009.)
[31]阮晓红,单楠,徐静等.淮河流域地下水资源保护专项规划.研究报告.南京大学,南京,2014.(Ruan X H,Shan N,Xu J,et al.Special plan for groundwater resources protection in Huai River Basin.Technical Report.Nanjing University,Nanjing,2014.)
[32]中国科技资源共享网.http://www.escience.gov.cn/.(China Science and Technology Resource Sharing Network.http://www.escience.gov.cn/.)
[33]地球系统科学数据共享平台.http://www.geodata.cn/Portal/.(National Date Sharing Infrastructure of Earth System Science.http://www.geodata.cn/Portal/.)
[2]王飞.潜流带氮素迁移转化过程的影响因素研究.硕士学位论文.长春:吉林大学,2013.(Wang F.Study on the influencing factors of transportation-transformation processes for nitrogen in hyporheic zone.Master’s Dissertation.Changchun:Jilin University,2013.)
[3]环境保护部,发展改革委,财政部等.重点流域水污染防治规划(2011—2015),2011.(Ministry of Environmental Protection,National Development and Reform Commission,Ministry of Finance,et al.Key river basins water pollution control plan(2011-2015),2011.)
[4]陈荦.沙颍河流域地下水流与硝酸盐运移模拟及其对地表水污染的贡献研究.硕士学位论文.南京:南京大学,2013.(Chen L.Modeling of the water flow and nitrate transport in the shallow aquifer of the Shaying River Basin and its contribution to river pollution.Master’s Dissertation.Nanjing:Nanjing University,2013.)
[5]薛禹群,张幼宽.地下水污染防治在我国水体污染控制与治理中的双重意义.环境科学学报,2009,29(3):474-481.(Xue Y Q,Zhang Y K.Two fold significance of groundwater pollution prevention in China’s water pollution control.Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2009,29(3):474-481.)
[6]Zhang Y,Schilling K E.Increasing streamflow and baseflow in Mississippi River since the1940s:Effect of land use change.Journal of Hydrology,2006,324(1):412-422.
[7]Schilling K,Zhang Y.Baseflow contribution to nitrate-nitrogen export from a large,agricultural watershed,USA.Journal of Hydrology.2004,295(1):305-316.
[8]汉典.优先.http://www.zdic.net/c/8/f/23369.htm.(Han Canon.Priority.http://www.zdic.net/c/8/f/23369.htm.)
[9]郑庆子,祝琳琳.松花江吉林江段优先控制污染物筛选.环境科技,2012,25(4):68-70.(Zheng Q Z,Zhu L L.The selection of the priority control contaminants in Jilin section of the Songhua River.Environmental Science and Technology,2012,25(4):68-70.)
[10]Eriksson E,Christensen N,Schmidt J E,et al.Potential priority pollutants in sewage sludge.Desalination,2008,226(1):371-388.
[11]von-der-Ohe P C,Dulio V,Slobodnik J,et al.A new risk assessment approach for the prioritization of 500classical and emerging organic microcontaminants as potential river basin specific pollutants under the European Water Framework Directive.Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(11):2064-2077.
[12]厉以强,周建中,刘洪等.遗传毒性试验在污染源优先控制中的筛选应用.中国环境监测,1996,3(12):24-26.(Li Y Q,Zhou J Z,Liu H,et al.The screening application of genotoxicology experiment to the prior control to pollution sources.Environmental Monitoring in China,1996,3(12):24-26.)
[13]钟秀.基于地下水饮用水源地保护的污染源优控等级评价.硕士学位论文.武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2013.(Zhong X.The priority control classification evaluation of contamination sources based on the protection of drinking groundwater wellhead.Master’s Dissertation.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),2013.)
[14]Hansen B G,Van Haelst A G,Van Leeuwen K,et al.Priority setting for existing chemicals:European Union risk ranking method.Environmental Toxic-ology and Chemistry,1999,18(4):772-779.
[15]苏玉,蔡佳亮,汪杰等.中国农业污染优先控制区的划分方法初探.环境污染与防治,2009,31(10):87-90.(Su Y,Cai J L,Wang J,et al.A preliminary study on the method of dividing the priority areas of agricultural pollution in China.Environmental Pollution and Control,2009,31(10):87-90.)
[16]吴珺.农业污染优先控制区划分.硕士学位论文.合肥:安徽农业大学,2013.(Wu J.Division of prior regions for agricultural pollution control—Anhui province as an example.Master’s Dissertation.Hefei:Anhui Agricultural University,2013.)
[17]王伟,冯海波,臧志雪等.河北省海河流域污染防治优先控制单元研究.南水北调与水利科技,2011,9(5):59-62.(Wang W,Feng H B,Zang Z X,et al.Research of priority control unit for pollution prevention at Haihe River Basin in Hebei province.South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science and Technology,2011,9(5):59-62.)
[18]陈新明,马腾,蔡鹤生等.地下水氮污染的区域性调控策略.地质科技情报,2013,32(6):130-143.(Chen X M,Ma T,Cai H S,et al.Regional control of groundwater nitrogen contamination.Geological Science and Technology Information,2013,32(6):130-143.)
[19]Pionke H B,Gburek W J,Sharpley A N.Critical source area controls on water quality in an agricultural watershed located in the Chesapeake Basin.Ecological Engineering,2000,14(4):325-335.
[20]Orlikowski D,Bugey A,Périllon C,et al.Development of a GIS method to localize critical source areas of diffuse nitrate pollution.Water Science and Technology,2011,64(4):892.
[21]Sophocleous M.Interactions between ground-water and surface water:the state of the science.Hydrogeology Journal,2002,10(1):52-67.
[22]罗泽娇,靳孟贵.地下水三氮污染的研究进展.水文地质工程地质,2002,29(4):65-69.(Luo Z J,Jin M G.Research progress of ammonia,nitrite and nitrate pollution in groundwater.Hydrog-eology and Engineering Geology,2002,29(4):65-69.)
[23]中华人民共和国国家标准.地下水质量标准GB/T 14848-93.(People’s Republic of China National Standard.Quality standard for groundwater GB/T 14848-93.)
[24]王焰新.地下水污染与防治.北京:高等教育出版社,2007:266-287.(Wang Y X.Groundwater contamination.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007:266-287.)
[25]闫雅妮,王妍妍,郑倩琳等.地下水硝酸盐特殊脆弱性评价:以沙颍河流域为例.环境科学与技术,2015,8:44.(Yan Y N,Wang Y Y,Zheng Q L,et al.Assessment of groundwater nitrate specific vulnerability:A case study in Shaying River Basin.Environmental Science and Technology,2015,8:44.)
[26]陈攀,李兰,周文财.水资源脆弱性及评价方法国内外研究进展.水资源保护,2011,27(5):32-38.(Chen P,Li L,Zhou W C.Research progress on vulnerability of water resources and assessment methods at home and abroad.Water Resources Protection,2011,27(5):32-38.)
[27]中国地质调查局.地下水脆弱性评价技术要求,2006.(China Geological Survey.Technical requirements of groundwater vulnerability assessment,2006.)
[28]中华人民共和国环境保护部.淮河流域水污染防治“十二五”规划编制大纲,2010.(Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.The twelfth five-year planning outline of Huai River Basin water pollution prevention and control,2010.)
[29]唐克旺,吴玉成,侯杰.中国地下水资源质量评价(Ⅱ)——地下水水质现状和污染分析.水资源保护,2006,22(3):1-4.(Tang K W,Wu Y C,Hou J.Assessment of groundwater quality in China:Ⅱ.Groundwater quality and pollution analysis.Water Resources Protection,2006,22(3):1-4.)
[30]叶念军,刘红樱.淮河流域环境地质综合研究报告.研究报告.南京地质矿产研究所,南京,2009.(Ye N J,Liu H Y.Research report on environmental and geology in Huai River Basin.Technical Report.Nanjing Geology and Mineral Resource Institute,Nanjing,2009.)
[31]阮晓红,单楠,徐静等.淮河流域地下水资源保护专项规划.研究报告.南京大学,南京,2014.(Ruan X H,Shan N,Xu J,et al.Special plan for groundwater resources protection in Huai River Basin.Technical Report.Nanjing University,Nanjing,2014.)
[32]中国科技资源共享网.http://www.escience.gov.cn/.(China Science and Technology Resource Sharing Network.http://www.escience.gov.cn/.)
[33]地球系统科学数据共享平台.http://www.geodata.cn/Portal/.(National Date Sharing Infrastructure of Earth System Science.http://www.geodata.cn/Portal/.)