海丰县水产养殖与越冬黑脸琵鹭种群变化相关性探讨
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摘要
指出了海丰县人工养殖池塘作为黑脸琵鹭重要的栖息地,在维持种群动态平衡上具有重要意义。但由于海丰县水产养殖面积的不断扩大,制约了黑脸琵鹭种群的长远发展。基于此,以海丰黑脸琵鹭为研究对象,探讨了黑脸琵鹭的种群变化与水产养殖面积波动间的相关性,以进一步掌握水产养殖面积的变化对黑脸琵鹭种群动态的影响。结果表明:黑脸琵鹭种群与水产养殖面积具有负相关性(p=-0.822),即水产养殖面积越大,黑脸琵鹭个体数量越少。
As an important habitat for Black-faced spoonbill, the artificial culture pond in Haifeng County plays an important role in maintaining the population dynamic balance. However, the continuous expansion of the aquaculture area in Haifeng County restricts the long-term development of the Black-faced Spoonbill population. Therefore, taking Haifeng Black-faced Spoonbill as the research object, this paper discussed the correlation between the population change of Black-faced Spoonbill and the fluctuation of aquaculture area, in order to further understand the impact of the change of aquaculture area on the population dynamics of Black-faced Spoonbill. The results showed that the population of Black-faced Spoonbill was negatively correlated with the aquaculture area(p=-0.822). That is, the larger the aquaculture area, the smaller the number of Black-faced Spoonbill individuals.
As an important habitat for Black-faced spoonbill, the artificial culture pond in Haifeng County plays an important role in maintaining the population dynamic balance. However, the continuous expansion of the aquaculture area in Haifeng County restricts the long-term development of the Black-faced Spoonbill population. Therefore, taking Haifeng Black-faced Spoonbill as the research object, this paper discussed the correlation between the population change of Black-faced Spoonbill and the fluctuation of aquaculture area, in order to further understand the impact of the change of aquaculture area on the population dynamics of Black-faced Spoonbill. The results showed that the population of Black-faced Spoonbill was negatively correlated with the aquaculture area(p=-0.822). That is, the larger the aquaculture area, the smaller the number of Black-faced Spoonbill individuals.
引文
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[2]Lee S Y.The management of traditional tidal ponds for aquaculture and wildlife conservation in Southeast Asia:Problems and prospects[J].Biological Conservation,1993,63(2):113～118.
[3]吕士成,陈洁,杜进进.盐城自然保护区人工湿地对水鸟分布的影响[J].农村生态环境,1996(3):15～17.
[4]刘昊.人工湿地生境在水鸟保护中的作用研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2006.
[5]赵锦霞.崇明东滩养殖塘人工湿地景观特征与越冬水鸟空间分布格局[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008.
[6]赵锦霞,刘昊,张利权.崇明东滩越冬鸟类在养殖塘的空间分布[J].动物学研究,2008(2):212～218.
[7]华宁,马志军,马强,等.冬季水鸟对崇明东滩水产养殖塘的利用[J].生态学报,2009,29 (12):6342～6350.
[8]金杰锋,刘伯锋,余希,等.福建兴化湾黑脸琵鹭觅食生境的鱼类和虾类组成[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(2):69～74.
[9]张美.崇明东滩四类人工湿地环境因子变化与水鸟栖息地选择的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2013.
[10]张姚,谢汉宾,曾伟斌,等.崇明东滩人工湿地春季水鸟群落结构及其生境分析[J].动物学杂志,2014,49 (4):490～504.
[11]李相林,谢华,杨瑞刚,等.滨海人工湿地越冬鸟类混合群结构及角色[J].动物学杂志,2015,50(2):194～203.
[12]罗祖奎,牛俊英,潘娟,等.贵州十里荷塘4种湿地的越冬水鸟群落结构[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(2):164～168.
[13]张姚.崇明东滩鱼塘、水稻田型人工湿地在不同管理模式下水鸟群落及其生境分析[D].上海:华东师范大学,2015.
[14]全国水产技术推广总站体系建设与推广处.海丰——基层水产技术推广体系运行机制创新之路[J].中国水产,2009(6):72～74.
[15]刘幸.“候鸟天堂”路在何方[N].广州日报,2012-07-21.
[16]Wood C,Tomida H,JIN-HAN K,et al.New perspectives on habitat selection by the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor based upon satellite telemetry[J].Bird Conservation International,2013,23(4):495～501.
[17]Ueng Y T,Wang J P,Hou P C L.Predicting population trends of the Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor)[J].Wilson Journal of Ornithology,2007,119(2):246～252.
[18]YU Y T,Swennen C.Habitat use of the Black-faced Spoonbill[J].Waterbirds,2004,27(2):129～134.
[19]胡军华,曾向武,谢钊毅,等.广东海丰鸟类自然保护区黑脸琵鹭越冬种群现状[J].动物学杂志,2009,44(1):54～57.
[20]王勇军,昝启杰.黑脸琵鹭在中国的越冬分布与保护[J].野生动物学报,1999(1):8～9.
[21]管世权,庄耿凯,杨铿.广东滩涂生态大池塘养殖模式与技术[J].现代农业科学,2009(2):149～150.
[22]马叶胜.粤东不同海水养殖模式的环境氮磷负荷研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2010.