禽养殖场高致病性禽流感传入风险因素分析与控制
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摘要
高致病性禽流感(HPAI)是严重威胁我国禽养殖业健康持续发展的重大疫病。养殖场是禽类的高聚集区,存在较大的HPAI潜在暴发风险。本文在已有研究文献基础上,按照流行病学和风险关键控制点原则,从养殖场层面,分析提出了HPAI的主要传入风险因素及控制措施。分析认为,野生鸟类及相关区域、易感动物及相关场所、种蛋/雏鸡、水源、饲料、流通运输及运输工具、人员、消毒剂及疫苗等投入品是主要风险因素,需要针对这些因素,从场区规划布局、屏障建设、日常饲养、制度管理4个方面,采取相应生物安全措施,以降低禽养殖场HPAI的传入风险。
Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)is a major disease that seriously threatens the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese poultry industry. Farms are the highly concentrated areas for poultry,where the potential risk of HPAI outbreak is relatively high. Based on the current researches,the main risk factors and control measures of HPAI were analyzed from the farm level according to the principles of epidemiology and risk control points. Results showed that,the main risk factors were wild birds and related areas,susceptible animals and related places,eggs/chickens,water sources,feed,transportation and transportation vehicles,personnel,disinfectants and vaccines,etc. Aiming at these factors,corresponding bio-safety measures should be adopted from 4 aspects of site planning and layout,barrier construction,daily raising,and system management,so as to reduce the risk of HPAI being released into poultry farms.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)is a major disease that seriously threatens the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese poultry industry. Farms are the highly concentrated areas for poultry,where the potential risk of HPAI outbreak is relatively high. Based on the current researches,the main risk factors and control measures of HPAI were analyzed from the farm level according to the principles of epidemiology and risk control points. Results showed that,the main risk factors were wild birds and related areas,susceptible animals and related places,eggs/chickens,water sources,feed,transportation and transportation vehicles,personnel,disinfectants and vaccines,etc. Aiming at these factors,corresponding bio-safety measures should be adopted from 4 aspects of site planning and layout,barrier construction,daily raising,and system management,so as to reduce the risk of HPAI being released into poultry farms.
引文
[1]李伟强,何婉婷,王霞等.当前我国H5亚型禽流感的流行情况及防控对策[J].中国兽医杂志,2018,54(2):114-116.
[2]姬忠华.美国养禽业2015年发生的40起高致病性禽流感传入事件[J].广西畜牧兽医,2016,32(1):27-47.
[3]刘秀梵.加强监测,从源头控制和根除家禽流感病毒[J].北方牧业,2018(15):17.
[4]FAO.Biosecurity For Highly pathogenic avian influenza N:issues and options[EB/OL].[2018-09-25].http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/resources/en/pubs_ah.html.
[5]李军,邹联斌,莫胜兰.世界动物卫生组织(OIE)高致病性禽流感形势报告[J].广西畜牧兽医,2018,34(5):268-271.
[6]刘静,刘俊辉,范钦磊,等.生物安全隔离区划在禽流感防控中的应用[J].中国动物检疫,2015,32(7):50-54.
[7]PIAGGIO A J,SHRINER S A,VANDALEN K K,et al.Molecular surveil-lance of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in wild birds across the United States:Inferences from the hemagglutinin gene[J].Plos one,2012,7(12):e50834.
[8]ZHANG Z,CHEN D,WARD M P,et al.Transmissibility of the highly path-ogenic avian influenza virus,subtype H5N1 in domestic poultry:a spatio-temporal estimation at the global scale[J].Geospatial health,2012,7(1):135-146.
[9]KALTHOFF D,GLOBIG A,BEER M,et al.(Highly pathogenic)avian influenza as a zoonotic agent[J].Veterinary microbiology,2010,11(140):237-245.
[10]齐艳萍,吴海燕,王忠伟,等.我国野禽流感病毒研究现状及其发展趋势[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(22):135-137.
[11]OIE.Situation report and guidance for H5N8 and other Eurasian H5 avian influenza viruses[EB/OL].(2016-11-29)[2018-09-25].http://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-inthe-world/avian-influenza-portal/.
[12]SUN L,WARD M P,LI R,et al.Global spatial risk pattern of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in wild birds:a knowledge-fusion based approach[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,4(152):32-39.
[13]谢艳辉,张娜,李家侨,等.禽养殖场禽流感发生率影响因子研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(5):102-104.
[14]WANG Y M,LI P,WU Y L,et al.The risk factors for avian influenza on poultry farms:a meta-analysis[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2014,117(1):1-6.
[15]BERTRAN K,CLARK A,SWAYNE D E.Mitigation strategies to reduce the generation and transmission of airborne highly pathogenic avian influenza virus particles during processing of infected poultry[J].International journal of hygiene and environmental health,2018,221(6),893-900.
[16]HASSAN M M,HOQUE M A,UJVARI B,et al.Live bird markets in Bangladesh as a potentially important source for avian influenza virus transmission[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,8(156):22-27.
[17]ABDELWHAB E M,GRUND C,ALY M M,et al.Multiple dose vaccination with heterologous H5N2 vaccine:immune response and protection against variant clade 2.2.1 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in broiler breeder chickens[J].Vaccine,2011,29(37):6219-6225.
[18]PAUL M,WONGNARKPET S,GASQUI P,et al.Risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 infection in backyard chicken farms,Thailand[J].Acta tropica,2011,118(6):209-216.
[19]张鑫,杨作丰,董毅.禽流感研究进展[J].新农业,2014(11):36-38.
[20]HUANG Z Y,LOCH A,FINDLAY C,et al.Adoption of HPAI biosecurity measures:the Chinese broiler industry[J].Journal of integrative agriculture,2017,9(16):181-189.
[21]阮清杰.动物疫病传播媒介的妥善处置[J].兽医导刊,2011(1):53-54.
[22]黄晓南.加拿大防禽流感:有机饲料是关键[N].粮油市场报,2013-05-18(B03).
[23]周森.H5亚型高致病性禽流感病毒的暴发、传播与进化研究[D].北京:清华大学,2016.
[24]NI X S,HE F L,HU M H,et al.Investigation of avian influenza virus in poultry and wild birds due to novel avian-origin influenza A(H10N8)in Nanchang City,China[J].Microbes and infection,2015,17(1):48-53.
[25]WIBAWA H,KARO-KARO D,PRIBADI E S,et al.Exploring contacts facilitating transmission of influenza a(H5N1)virus between poultry farms in West Java,Indonesia:a major role for backyard farms[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,156(1):8-15.
[26]KERKHOVE M D V,VONG S,GUITIAN J,et al.Poultry movement networks in Cambodia:implications for surveillance and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI/H5N1)[J].Vaccine,2009,27(45):6345-6352.
[27]SSEMATIMBA A,HAGENAARS T J,DE WIT J J,et al.Avian influenza transmission risks:analysis of biosecurity measures and contact structure in Dutch poultry farming[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2013,109(4):106-105.
[28]HUANG Z Y,ZENG D,WANG J M,et al.Factors aff ecting Chinese broiler farmers'main preventive practices in response to highly pathogenic avian influenza[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2016,109(1):153-159.
[29]黄泽颖,王济民,王晨,等.禽流感风险下肉鸡养殖户防疫行为的调查研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2016,18(4):199-207
[30]BACKER J A,H J VAN ROERMUND,FISCHER E A,et al.Controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks:an epidemiological and economic model analysis[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2015,121(1/2):142-150.
[2]姬忠华.美国养禽业2015年发生的40起高致病性禽流感传入事件[J].广西畜牧兽医,2016,32(1):27-47.
[3]刘秀梵.加强监测,从源头控制和根除家禽流感病毒[J].北方牧业,2018(15):17.
[4]FAO.Biosecurity For Highly pathogenic avian influenza N:issues and options[EB/OL].[2018-09-25].http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/resources/en/pubs_ah.html.
[5]李军,邹联斌,莫胜兰.世界动物卫生组织(OIE)高致病性禽流感形势报告[J].广西畜牧兽医,2018,34(5):268-271.
[6]刘静,刘俊辉,范钦磊,等.生物安全隔离区划在禽流感防控中的应用[J].中国动物检疫,2015,32(7):50-54.
[7]PIAGGIO A J,SHRINER S A,VANDALEN K K,et al.Molecular surveil-lance of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in wild birds across the United States:Inferences from the hemagglutinin gene[J].Plos one,2012,7(12):e50834.
[8]ZHANG Z,CHEN D,WARD M P,et al.Transmissibility of the highly path-ogenic avian influenza virus,subtype H5N1 in domestic poultry:a spatio-temporal estimation at the global scale[J].Geospatial health,2012,7(1):135-146.
[9]KALTHOFF D,GLOBIG A,BEER M,et al.(Highly pathogenic)avian influenza as a zoonotic agent[J].Veterinary microbiology,2010,11(140):237-245.
[10]齐艳萍,吴海燕,王忠伟,等.我国野禽流感病毒研究现状及其发展趋势[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(22):135-137.
[11]OIE.Situation report and guidance for H5N8 and other Eurasian H5 avian influenza viruses[EB/OL].(2016-11-29)[2018-09-25].http://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-inthe-world/avian-influenza-portal/.
[12]SUN L,WARD M P,LI R,et al.Global spatial risk pattern of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in wild birds:a knowledge-fusion based approach[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,4(152):32-39.
[13]谢艳辉,张娜,李家侨,等.禽养殖场禽流感发生率影响因子研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(5):102-104.
[14]WANG Y M,LI P,WU Y L,et al.The risk factors for avian influenza on poultry farms:a meta-analysis[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2014,117(1):1-6.
[15]BERTRAN K,CLARK A,SWAYNE D E.Mitigation strategies to reduce the generation and transmission of airborne highly pathogenic avian influenza virus particles during processing of infected poultry[J].International journal of hygiene and environmental health,2018,221(6),893-900.
[16]HASSAN M M,HOQUE M A,UJVARI B,et al.Live bird markets in Bangladesh as a potentially important source for avian influenza virus transmission[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,8(156):22-27.
[17]ABDELWHAB E M,GRUND C,ALY M M,et al.Multiple dose vaccination with heterologous H5N2 vaccine:immune response and protection against variant clade 2.2.1 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in broiler breeder chickens[J].Vaccine,2011,29(37):6219-6225.
[18]PAUL M,WONGNARKPET S,GASQUI P,et al.Risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 infection in backyard chicken farms,Thailand[J].Acta tropica,2011,118(6):209-216.
[19]张鑫,杨作丰,董毅.禽流感研究进展[J].新农业,2014(11):36-38.
[20]HUANG Z Y,LOCH A,FINDLAY C,et al.Adoption of HPAI biosecurity measures:the Chinese broiler industry[J].Journal of integrative agriculture,2017,9(16):181-189.
[21]阮清杰.动物疫病传播媒介的妥善处置[J].兽医导刊,2011(1):53-54.
[22]黄晓南.加拿大防禽流感:有机饲料是关键[N].粮油市场报,2013-05-18(B03).
[23]周森.H5亚型高致病性禽流感病毒的暴发、传播与进化研究[D].北京:清华大学,2016.
[24]NI X S,HE F L,HU M H,et al.Investigation of avian influenza virus in poultry and wild birds due to novel avian-origin influenza A(H10N8)in Nanchang City,China[J].Microbes and infection,2015,17(1):48-53.
[25]WIBAWA H,KARO-KARO D,PRIBADI E S,et al.Exploring contacts facilitating transmission of influenza a(H5N1)virus between poultry farms in West Java,Indonesia:a major role for backyard farms[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2018,156(1):8-15.
[26]KERKHOVE M D V,VONG S,GUITIAN J,et al.Poultry movement networks in Cambodia:implications for surveillance and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI/H5N1)[J].Vaccine,2009,27(45):6345-6352.
[27]SSEMATIMBA A,HAGENAARS T J,DE WIT J J,et al.Avian influenza transmission risks:analysis of biosecurity measures and contact structure in Dutch poultry farming[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2013,109(4):106-105.
[28]HUANG Z Y,ZENG D,WANG J M,et al.Factors aff ecting Chinese broiler farmers'main preventive practices in response to highly pathogenic avian influenza[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2016,109(1):153-159.
[29]黄泽颖,王济民,王晨,等.禽流感风险下肉鸡养殖户防疫行为的调查研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2016,18(4):199-207
[30]BACKER J A,H J VAN ROERMUND,FISCHER E A,et al.Controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks:an epidemiological and economic model analysis[J].Preventive veterinary medicine,2015,121(1/2):142-150.