缙云黄芩与伴生物种的种间关联度分析
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摘要
缙云黄芩(Scutellaria tsinyunensis C.Y.Wu et Chow)是重庆特有濒危植物,也为极小种群物种。该研究采用2×2列联表、应用方差分析、χ~2统计量、Ochiai指数、Dice指数、Jaccard指数等计算方法,分析了缙云黄芩9个群落中草本层18种伴生物种与缙云黄芩的种间关联度,结合与其伴生物种的频度分布分析,以明确缙云黄芩及其伴生物种的频度分布及种间关联度,探讨其群落中主要草本物种与缙云黄芩的相互作用,为地方特有珍贵物种的保护和利用提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)缙云黄芩与其伴生物种在频度分布上与边缘鳞盖蕨以及蝴蝶花呈协同作用,与多序楼梯草、淡竹叶、蓝叶藤呈拮抗作用,与红盖鳞毛蕨部分呈协同作用、部分呈拮抗作用。(2)缙云黄芩群落总体关联度表明,6个群落呈现正关联,3个群落呈现负关联。(3)在48个种对中,34个种对显示为正关联,占总关联对数70.8%;14个种对之间表现为负关联,占总关联对数29.2%,其中显著正联结或负联结的种对仅3对,约占总数6.3%,极显著负联结种对仅1对。研究认为,寻找和保护与缙云黄芩正关联性较强的物种来共同形成利于特定物种生存的环境,或在野外将缙云黄芩移植到分布正关联物种的群落中有利于缙云黄芩野外扩繁。
Scutellaria tsinyunensis C.Y.Wu et Chow is an endangered plant with extremely small populations of endemic species to Chongqing,and we studied the frequency distribution and interspecific association of it and its associated species.We measured the interspecific association between 18 species of herb layer and S.tsinyunensisin nine S.tsinyunensis communities with the help of the 2×2contingency table,variance analysis,X2-Statistics,Ochiai index,Dice and Jaccard index.Combined with the analysis of frequency distribution,we identified the frequency distribution and interspecific association of S.tsinyunensis and its associated species,and discussed the interaction between main herbaceous species in these communities and S.tsinyunensis,which provides a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of endemic endangered species.The result shows that:(1)the frequency distribution of S.tsinyunensis and its associated species present that:S.tsinyunensis appears to have synergistic effect with Microlepia marginata andIrisjaponica,antagonistic effect with Elatostema macintyrei,Lophatherum gracile and Marsdenia tinctoria,while S.tsinyunensis and Dryopteris erythrosora show both synergistic effect and antagonistic effect.(2)The overall correlation dominant species of S.tsinyunensis communities indicate that:six communities present positive correlation,and the other two present negative correlation.(3)Among the 48 species pairs,34 pairs showed a positive correlation accounted for 70.8% of the total correlation pairs;14pairs showed a negative correlation accounted for 29.2% of the total correlation pairs;only 3pairs showed a significant positive or negative correlation accounted for 6.3% of the total correlation pairs;only 1pair showed a extremely significant negative connection.It is studied that building environment conducive to the survival of S.tsinyunensis by the way of search for protecting species who are positively correlated with this species,or transplanting them to the communities which distributed positive associated species,is benefit to its population expanding in the wild.
Scutellaria tsinyunensis C.Y.Wu et Chow is an endangered plant with extremely small populations of endemic species to Chongqing,and we studied the frequency distribution and interspecific association of it and its associated species.We measured the interspecific association between 18 species of herb layer and S.tsinyunensisin nine S.tsinyunensis communities with the help of the 2×2contingency table,variance analysis,X2-Statistics,Ochiai index,Dice and Jaccard index.Combined with the analysis of frequency distribution,we identified the frequency distribution and interspecific association of S.tsinyunensis and its associated species,and discussed the interaction between main herbaceous species in these communities and S.tsinyunensis,which provides a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of endemic endangered species.The result shows that:(1)the frequency distribution of S.tsinyunensis and its associated species present that:S.tsinyunensis appears to have synergistic effect with Microlepia marginata andIrisjaponica,antagonistic effect with Elatostema macintyrei,Lophatherum gracile and Marsdenia tinctoria,while S.tsinyunensis and Dryopteris erythrosora show both synergistic effect and antagonistic effect.(2)The overall correlation dominant species of S.tsinyunensis communities indicate that:six communities present positive correlation,and the other two present negative correlation.(3)Among the 48 species pairs,34 pairs showed a positive correlation accounted for 70.8% of the total correlation pairs;14pairs showed a negative correlation accounted for 29.2% of the total correlation pairs;only 3pairs showed a significant positive or negative correlation accounted for 6.3% of the total correlation pairs;only 1pair showed a extremely significant negative connection.It is studied that building environment conducive to the survival of S.tsinyunensis by the way of search for protecting species who are positively correlated with this species,or transplanting them to the communities which distributed positive associated species,is benefit to its population expanding in the wild.
引文
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[7]孙雄才,胡俊毓.中国唇形科植物的新种、新变种、新变型和新命名[J].植物分类学报,1966,11(1):35-38.SUN X C,HU J Y.New species,varieties,forms and new names of Chinese Labiatae[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1966,11(1):35-38.
[8]重庆市人民政府.重庆市人民政府关于公布重庆市重点保护野生植物名录(第一批)的通知[EB/OL].(2015-02-13)[2015-06-08].http://www.cq.gov.cn/publicinfo/web/views/Show!detail.action?sid=4178556.
[9]重庆市林业局.关于印发《重庆市极小种群野生植物拯救保护工程实施方案(2011-2015)》的通知[EB/OL].(2012-10-24)[2015-08-08].http://www.cqforestry.gov.cn/articleview/2012-11-6/article_view_55323.htm.
[10]马凯阳,邓洪平,郭晨慧,等.重庆特有极小种群植物缙云黄芩濒危等级评估[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,(1):70-76.MA K Y,DENG H P,GUO C H,et al.On level evaluation of endangered plant species with extremely small populations Scutellaria tsinyunensis endemic in Chongqing[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2017,(1):70-76.
[11]林长松,何平,邓洪平.缙云山特有植物缙云黄芩的等位酶变异研究[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,27(2):219-225.LIN C S,HE P,DENG H P.Studies on allozymic differention of Scutellaria tsinyunensis which is endemic to Mt.Jingyun of Chongqing[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2002,27(2):219-225.
[12]刘开全,邓洪平.重庆特有濒危植物缙云黄芩的繁育系统研究[J].植物研究,2011,31(4):403-407.LIU K Q,DENG H P.Floral biology and breeding system of endangered plant Scutellaria tsinyunensis endemic to Chongqing,China[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2011,31(4):403-407.
[13]林长松,何平,邓洪平.缙云山特有植物缙云黄芩的遗传多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(4):566-571.LIN C S,HE P,DENG H P.Studies on genetic diversity of Scutellaria tsinyunensis of endemic species from Mt.Jinyun of Chongqing[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2003,23(4):566-571.
[14]熊济华.重庆缙云山植物志[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,2005.
[15]GREIG-SMITH P.Data on pattern within plant communities:I.The analysis of pattern[J].Journal of Ecology,1961,49(3):695-702.
[16]SCHLUTER D.A variance test for detecting species association with some example applications[J].Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1 005.
[17]王伯荪,彭少麟.南亚热带常绿阔叶林种间联结测定技术研究——Ⅰ.种间联结测式的探讨与修正[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1985,(4):274-285.WANG B S,PENG S L.Studies on the measuring techniques of interspecific association of lower-subtropical evergreenbroadleaved forests[J].Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica,1985,(4):274-285.
[18]HUBALEK Z.Coefficients of association and similarity based on binary data:an evaluation[J].Biol.Rev.,1982,57:669-689.
[19]宋永昌.植被生态学[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001:84.
[20]LUDWIG J.A.&J.F.Reynolds.Statistical Ecology:a Primer on Methods and Computing[M].New York:A Wiley-interscience Publication,1982:129-131.
[21]杜道林,刘玉成,李睿.缙云山亚热带栲树林优势植物种群间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(2):149-157.DU D L,LIU Y C,LI R.Studies on the interspecific association of dominant species in a subtropical Catanopsis fargesii forest of Jinyun Mountain,China[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1995,19(2):149-157.
[22]周先叶,王伯荪,李鸣光,等.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339.ZHOU X Y,WANG B S,LI M G,et al.An analysis of interspecific associations in secondary succession forest communities in Heishiding Natural Reserve,Guangdong Province[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,24(3):332-339.
[23]GREIG-SMITH P.Quaternary Plant Ecology[M].Oxford:Blackwell Science Publication,1983.
[24]李俊敏.濒危植物缙云黄芩群落特征及种群结构与适应性研究[D].重庆:西南师范大学,2004.
[25]汲文宪,陈丽华,郭峰,等.北沟林场天然次生林主要乔木树种种间关系分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,(9):10-14.JI W X,CHEN L H,GUO F,et al.Interspecific relationships of main tree species in a natural secondary forest in Beigou forest farm[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2012,(9):10-14.
[2]王伟,郭倩,康海军,等.线叶嵩草草地群落构成及种间关联分析[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(10):2 096-2 102.WANG W,GUO Q,KANG H J,et al.Community composition and interspecific association analysis of Kobresia capillifolia grassland[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2015,35(10):2 096-2 102.
[3]覃林.统计生态学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2009.75-77.
[4]林长松,邓洪平,何平.不同小生境缙云黄芩形态变异数量分析[J].北方园艺,2007,(12):43-47.LIN C S,DENG H P,HE P.Quantitative analysis of morphological diversity differentiation of Scutellaria tsinyunensis in different microhabitats[J].Northern Horticulture,2007,(12):43-47.
[5]马凯阳,王有为,郭晨慧,等.重庆特有濒危植物缙云黄芩种群生态位研究[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,41(1):45-50.MA K Y,WANG Y W,GUO C H,et al.Niche studies on populations of the endangered plant Scutellaria tsinyunensis of endemic species of Chongqing[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016,41(1):45-50.
[6]李锡文,祝正银.四川植物志(第10卷)[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1988:195-197.
[7]孙雄才,胡俊毓.中国唇形科植物的新种、新变种、新变型和新命名[J].植物分类学报,1966,11(1):35-38.SUN X C,HU J Y.New species,varieties,forms and new names of Chinese Labiatae[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1966,11(1):35-38.
[8]重庆市人民政府.重庆市人民政府关于公布重庆市重点保护野生植物名录(第一批)的通知[EB/OL].(2015-02-13)[2015-06-08].http://www.cq.gov.cn/publicinfo/web/views/Show!detail.action?sid=4178556.
[9]重庆市林业局.关于印发《重庆市极小种群野生植物拯救保护工程实施方案(2011-2015)》的通知[EB/OL].(2012-10-24)[2015-08-08].http://www.cqforestry.gov.cn/articleview/2012-11-6/article_view_55323.htm.
[10]马凯阳,邓洪平,郭晨慧,等.重庆特有极小种群植物缙云黄芩濒危等级评估[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,(1):70-76.MA K Y,DENG H P,GUO C H,et al.On level evaluation of endangered plant species with extremely small populations Scutellaria tsinyunensis endemic in Chongqing[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2017,(1):70-76.
[11]林长松,何平,邓洪平.缙云山特有植物缙云黄芩的等位酶变异研究[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,27(2):219-225.LIN C S,HE P,DENG H P.Studies on allozymic differention of Scutellaria tsinyunensis which is endemic to Mt.Jingyun of Chongqing[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2002,27(2):219-225.
[12]刘开全,邓洪平.重庆特有濒危植物缙云黄芩的繁育系统研究[J].植物研究,2011,31(4):403-407.LIU K Q,DENG H P.Floral biology and breeding system of endangered plant Scutellaria tsinyunensis endemic to Chongqing,China[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2011,31(4):403-407.
[13]林长松,何平,邓洪平.缙云山特有植物缙云黄芩的遗传多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(4):566-571.LIN C S,HE P,DENG H P.Studies on genetic diversity of Scutellaria tsinyunensis of endemic species from Mt.Jinyun of Chongqing[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2003,23(4):566-571.
[14]熊济华.重庆缙云山植物志[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,2005.
[15]GREIG-SMITH P.Data on pattern within plant communities:I.The analysis of pattern[J].Journal of Ecology,1961,49(3):695-702.
[16]SCHLUTER D.A variance test for detecting species association with some example applications[J].Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1 005.
[17]王伯荪,彭少麟.南亚热带常绿阔叶林种间联结测定技术研究——Ⅰ.种间联结测式的探讨与修正[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1985,(4):274-285.WANG B S,PENG S L.Studies on the measuring techniques of interspecific association of lower-subtropical evergreenbroadleaved forests[J].Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica,1985,(4):274-285.
[18]HUBALEK Z.Coefficients of association and similarity based on binary data:an evaluation[J].Biol.Rev.,1982,57:669-689.
[19]宋永昌.植被生态学[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001:84.
[20]LUDWIG J.A.&J.F.Reynolds.Statistical Ecology:a Primer on Methods and Computing[M].New York:A Wiley-interscience Publication,1982:129-131.
[21]杜道林,刘玉成,李睿.缙云山亚热带栲树林优势植物种群间联结性研究[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(2):149-157.DU D L,LIU Y C,LI R.Studies on the interspecific association of dominant species in a subtropical Catanopsis fargesii forest of Jinyun Mountain,China[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1995,19(2):149-157.
[22]周先叶,王伯荪,李鸣光,等.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339.ZHOU X Y,WANG B S,LI M G,et al.An analysis of interspecific associations in secondary succession forest communities in Heishiding Natural Reserve,Guangdong Province[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,24(3):332-339.
[23]GREIG-SMITH P.Quaternary Plant Ecology[M].Oxford:Blackwell Science Publication,1983.
[24]李俊敏.濒危植物缙云黄芩群落特征及种群结构与适应性研究[D].重庆:西南师范大学,2004.
[25]汲文宪,陈丽华,郭峰,等.北沟林场天然次生林主要乔木树种种间关系分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,(9):10-14.JI W X,CHEN L H,GUO F,et al.Interspecific relationships of main tree species in a natural secondary forest in Beigou forest farm[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2012,(9):10-14.