锆-铝-钛鞣牛鞋面革生态工艺设计与优化
|
摘要
以浸酸黄牛裸皮为原料,采用单因素试验法和正交试验法,分别对锆-铝-钛鞣黄牛鞋面革的预鞣、鞣制、复鞣、填充及加脂工艺进行研究,综合考察坯革的理化性能和废液的环保性能,优化并组装得出基于锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂的黄牛鞋面革最佳生态型制备工艺,即预鞣采用2%戊二醛,鞣制采用10%锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂,复鞣采用2%锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂,填充采用2%氨基树脂、6%丙烯酸聚合物、7%栲胶和6%合成鞣剂,加脂采用2%卵磷脂、2%羊毛脂、3%合成油和3%蓖麻油。该工艺制得的坯革收缩温度超过93℃,各项物理机械性能和感官性能与铬鞣革基本一致,满足行业标准。与铬鞣相比,锆-铝-钛鞣黄牛鞋面革制备工艺符合生态设计理念,具有良好的生态性和环保性,对促进制革技术进步具有重要意义。
The pretanning, tanning, retanning, filling and fatliquoring technology of cattle hide upper leather based on Zr-Al-Ti complex tanning agent was researched by single factor test method and orthogonal test method using pickled cattle skin as main raw material. The best ecological manufacturing technology was optimized and assembled by comprehensively examining the physical-mechanical properties of crust leather and the ecological property of waste liquid. The results showed that pretanning with 2% glutaraldehyde, tanning with 10% Zr-A1-Ti complex tanning agent, retanning with 2% Zr-A1-Ti complex tanning agent, filling with 2% amino resin, 6% acrylic polymer, 7% vegetable extract and 6% syntan, and fatliquoring with 2% lecithin, 2% lanolin, 3% synthetic oil and 3% castor oil, the shrinkage temperature of the crust leather was up to 93℃, the physical-mechanical properties and the sensory properties were similar to chrome tanned leather and could meet the industry standard. Compared with chrome tannage, the production process of Zr-Al-Ti complex tanned cattle hide upper leather, with good eco-friendly characteristics, was in line with the concept of ecological design, and it very important significance to promote the progress of leather engineering technology.
The pretanning, tanning, retanning, filling and fatliquoring technology of cattle hide upper leather based on Zr-Al-Ti complex tanning agent was researched by single factor test method and orthogonal test method using pickled cattle skin as main raw material. The best ecological manufacturing technology was optimized and assembled by comprehensively examining the physical-mechanical properties of crust leather and the ecological property of waste liquid. The results showed that pretanning with 2% glutaraldehyde, tanning with 10% Zr-A1-Ti complex tanning agent, retanning with 2% Zr-A1-Ti complex tanning agent, filling with 2% amino resin, 6% acrylic polymer, 7% vegetable extract and 6% syntan, and fatliquoring with 2% lecithin, 2% lanolin, 3% synthetic oil and 3% castor oil, the shrinkage temperature of the crust leather was up to 93℃, the physical-mechanical properties and the sensory properties were similar to chrome tanned leather and could meet the industry standard. Compared with chrome tannage, the production process of Zr-Al-Ti complex tanned cattle hide upper leather, with good eco-friendly characteristics, was in line with the concept of ecological design, and it very important significance to promote the progress of leather engineering technology.
引文
[1]胡新华,王秀荣.制革工业的清洁化生产[J].四川皮革,1999,21(1):39-45.
[2]石碧,王学川.制革清洁生产技术与原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[3]杨阳,许群.六价铬污染与健康损害研究进展[J].基础医学与临床,2012,32(8):974-977.
[4]阮丽琴,陈绍华,林伟,等.欧盟六价铬新法规对出口皮革制品影响及应对措施分析[J].福建轻纺,2014,(7):44-46.
[5]张宗才,戴红,张铭让,等.制革清洁生产技术与战略[J].中国皮革,2002,31(17):12-16.
[6]但卫华.制革清洁生产的现状与生态制革的技术预见[J].西部皮革,2012,34(16):17-20.
[7]Chen Hui,Guo Jun,Shan ZhiHua.A CleanerChrome-free tanning regime:sulfonated ure-a-phenol-formaldehyde condensed polymer andferrous sulfate tanning[J].Journal of the AmericanLeather Chemists Association,2011,106(1):18-24.
[8]李峰,何青,但年华,等.无铬鞣剂研究新进展[J].西部皮革,2012,34(10):33-37.
[9]徐佳丽,汤杰,郑如兰,等.几种无铬鞣剂的鞣革性能的比较研究[J].中国皮革,2015,44(16):9-15.
[10]徐达宇,周赟,雷明智.黄牛鞋面革无铬鞣生产工艺研讨[J].皮革与化工,2016,33(2):30-33.
[11]温会涛,杨义清,梁永贤,等.基于铁-锆-铝配合鞣剂的黄牛鞋面革生态工艺设计[J].西部皮革,2016,38(23):51-58.
[12]许冰斌,贺贤贤,陈华,等.无铬多金属鞣剂ZAT及加脂的影响[J].皮革与化工,2017,34(2):21-25.
[13]兰云军,刘建国,周建飞,等.无铬鞣技术规模化推广应用的可行性[J].中国皮革,2018,37(13):44-46.
[14]周相君.锆-铝-钛多金属配合鞣剂在山羊皮鞣制中的应用[D].四川大学,2010.
[15]Chen Da,Wang Kangjian,Dan Nianhua,et al.FlameR esistance of Leather Tanned with Zr-Al-TiComplex Tanning Agen[J].Journal of the society ofleather technologists and chemists,2013,97(3):116-120.
[16]李峰,杨兴宇,但年华,等.锆-铝-钛鞣山羊服装革复鞣工艺板块的设计与优化[J].中国皮革,2015,44(11):29-33.
[17]王康建,何青,但卫华,等.锆-铝-钛鞣黄牛鞋面革的制备及性能表征(I)———制备工艺[J].中国皮革,2014,43(1):6-10.
[18]温会涛,陈德金,贾喜庆,等.基于TR IZ理论的企业技术问题解决流程设计[J].海峡科学,2018,(4):110-114.
[19]杨义清,黄秦,熊康,等.铬鞣前预处理研究综述[J].西部皮革,2014,36(20):26-31.
[20]张涛,陈武勇,孙宏斌.一种清洁制革水场处理工艺:预鞣-鞣后一体化处理[J].中国皮革,2010,39(19):22-26.
[21]黄秦,但年华,但卫华,等.改性戊二醛对锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂鞣革性能的影响[J].中国皮革,2015,44(15):15-20.
[22]黄秦,杨义清,但年华,等.不同预鞣方案对锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂少铬工艺的影响[J].中国皮革,2016,45(7):1-7.
[23]杨义清,梁永贤,李峰,等.预处理对铁-锆-铝配合鞣剂鞣革性能的影响[J].中国皮革,2016,45(12):53-59.
[24]赵晓东,梁文华,刘伟,等.新型环保无铬鞣剂应用工艺初探[J].中国皮革,2013,42(15):23-24.
[25]兰云军,许晓红,周建飞.锆盐的鞣性分析及其发展前景[J].皮革科学与工程,2009,19(4):21-23.
[26]薛媛,王康建,但卫华,等.常用无铬鞣剂及其鞣制机理[J].西部皮革,2013,35(10):37-42.
[27]但卫华,但年华,林海,等.锆-铝-钛多金配合物粉剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利,ZL200710048440.4,2007-02-09.
[28]单志华.制革化学及工艺学(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[29]陈武勇,李国英.鞣制化学(修订版)[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009.
[30]魏德卿,张新民,孙静,等.不同结构的树脂复鞣剂在皮革中形态的电镜研究[J].陕西科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,22(3):20-25.
[31]高孝忠,高凌云.制革技术问答500题[M].西安:西安地图出版社,2013.
[32]杨义清,张盛,张越荣,等.铁-锆-铝鞣黄牛鞋面革复鞣工艺设计与优化[J].中国皮革,2017,46(4):1-8.
[33]魏竹波.皮革加脂剂多功能组份[J].精细化工,1991,8(6):32-36.
[34]周华龙,何有节.皮革化工材料学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[35]李铠.卵磷脂在制革中的应用[J].西部皮革,2006,28(6):15-18.
[2]石碧,王学川.制革清洁生产技术与原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[3]杨阳,许群.六价铬污染与健康损害研究进展[J].基础医学与临床,2012,32(8):974-977.
[4]阮丽琴,陈绍华,林伟,等.欧盟六价铬新法规对出口皮革制品影响及应对措施分析[J].福建轻纺,2014,(7):44-46.
[5]张宗才,戴红,张铭让,等.制革清洁生产技术与战略[J].中国皮革,2002,31(17):12-16.
[6]但卫华.制革清洁生产的现状与生态制革的技术预见[J].西部皮革,2012,34(16):17-20.
[7]Chen Hui,Guo Jun,Shan ZhiHua.A CleanerChrome-free tanning regime:sulfonated ure-a-phenol-formaldehyde condensed polymer andferrous sulfate tanning[J].Journal of the AmericanLeather Chemists Association,2011,106(1):18-24.
[8]李峰,何青,但年华,等.无铬鞣剂研究新进展[J].西部皮革,2012,34(10):33-37.
[9]徐佳丽,汤杰,郑如兰,等.几种无铬鞣剂的鞣革性能的比较研究[J].中国皮革,2015,44(16):9-15.
[10]徐达宇,周赟,雷明智.黄牛鞋面革无铬鞣生产工艺研讨[J].皮革与化工,2016,33(2):30-33.
[11]温会涛,杨义清,梁永贤,等.基于铁-锆-铝配合鞣剂的黄牛鞋面革生态工艺设计[J].西部皮革,2016,38(23):51-58.
[12]许冰斌,贺贤贤,陈华,等.无铬多金属鞣剂ZAT及加脂的影响[J].皮革与化工,2017,34(2):21-25.
[13]兰云军,刘建国,周建飞,等.无铬鞣技术规模化推广应用的可行性[J].中国皮革,2018,37(13):44-46.
[14]周相君.锆-铝-钛多金属配合鞣剂在山羊皮鞣制中的应用[D].四川大学,2010.
[15]Chen Da,Wang Kangjian,Dan Nianhua,et al.FlameR esistance of Leather Tanned with Zr-Al-TiComplex Tanning Agen[J].Journal of the society ofleather technologists and chemists,2013,97(3):116-120.
[16]李峰,杨兴宇,但年华,等.锆-铝-钛鞣山羊服装革复鞣工艺板块的设计与优化[J].中国皮革,2015,44(11):29-33.
[17]王康建,何青,但卫华,等.锆-铝-钛鞣黄牛鞋面革的制备及性能表征(I)———制备工艺[J].中国皮革,2014,43(1):6-10.
[18]温会涛,陈德金,贾喜庆,等.基于TR IZ理论的企业技术问题解决流程设计[J].海峡科学,2018,(4):110-114.
[19]杨义清,黄秦,熊康,等.铬鞣前预处理研究综述[J].西部皮革,2014,36(20):26-31.
[20]张涛,陈武勇,孙宏斌.一种清洁制革水场处理工艺:预鞣-鞣后一体化处理[J].中国皮革,2010,39(19):22-26.
[21]黄秦,但年华,但卫华,等.改性戊二醛对锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂鞣革性能的影响[J].中国皮革,2015,44(15):15-20.
[22]黄秦,杨义清,但年华,等.不同预鞣方案对锆-铝-钛配合鞣剂少铬工艺的影响[J].中国皮革,2016,45(7):1-7.
[23]杨义清,梁永贤,李峰,等.预处理对铁-锆-铝配合鞣剂鞣革性能的影响[J].中国皮革,2016,45(12):53-59.
[24]赵晓东,梁文华,刘伟,等.新型环保无铬鞣剂应用工艺初探[J].中国皮革,2013,42(15):23-24.
[25]兰云军,许晓红,周建飞.锆盐的鞣性分析及其发展前景[J].皮革科学与工程,2009,19(4):21-23.
[26]薛媛,王康建,但卫华,等.常用无铬鞣剂及其鞣制机理[J].西部皮革,2013,35(10):37-42.
[27]但卫华,但年华,林海,等.锆-铝-钛多金配合物粉剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利,ZL200710048440.4,2007-02-09.
[28]单志华.制革化学及工艺学(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[29]陈武勇,李国英.鞣制化学(修订版)[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009.
[30]魏德卿,张新民,孙静,等.不同结构的树脂复鞣剂在皮革中形态的电镜研究[J].陕西科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,22(3):20-25.
[31]高孝忠,高凌云.制革技术问答500题[M].西安:西安地图出版社,2013.
[32]杨义清,张盛,张越荣,等.铁-锆-铝鞣黄牛鞋面革复鞣工艺设计与优化[J].中国皮革,2017,46(4):1-8.
[33]魏竹波.皮革加脂剂多功能组份[J].精细化工,1991,8(6):32-36.
[34]周华龙,何有节.皮革化工材料学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[35]李铠.卵磷脂在制革中的应用[J].西部皮革,2006,28(6):15-18.