基于卡尔曼滤波的卫星地基增强系统位置域完好性监测分析
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摘要
由于卫星地基增强系统(ground-based augmentation systems,GBAS)距离域导航测量的局限性,基于最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)估计的地面多参考一致性监测(multiple reference consistency check,MRCC)难以满足国际民航组织提出的CAT Ⅱ/Ⅲ所需完好性要求。针对基于极值估计方法的伪距误差完好性监测参数之间存在相关性以及数据样本有限的问题,提出位置域内的卡尔曼滤波监测新算法,利用线性无关参考接收机对机载目标进行独立定位解算,建立垂直定位误差的卡尔曼滤波模型,监测垂直定位误差,重新定义位置域内的完好性监测参数值。实验结果表明,该算法不仅解决了距离域内完好性监测参数间的相关性,而且减小了机载垂直保护级,提升了地基增强系统的故障检测性能,提高了系统的可用性。
Due to the limitations of ground-based augmentation systems( GBAS) in range-domain navigation measurement,multiple reference consistency check( MRCC) based on maximum likelihood( ML) estimation is difficult to meet requirements of CAT Ⅱ/Ⅲ integrity required by International Civil Aviation Organization( ICAO).Because of the correlation among the monitoring parameters of pseudorange error integrity based on the extreme estimation method and the limited data samples,a new Kalman filter monitoring algorithm is proposed in the position domain that uses linearly independent reference receivers to solve the position of airborne target,establishes the Kalman filter model of vertical positioning error,monitors vertical positioning error,and redefines the integrity monitoring parameter in the position domain. The experimental result shows that the algorithm not only resolves the correlation between the integrity monitoring parameters in the range domain,but also reduces the vertical protection level of the airborne system,which improves the fault detection performance of the GBAS and improves system availability.
Due to the limitations of ground-based augmentation systems( GBAS) in range-domain navigation measurement,multiple reference consistency check( MRCC) based on maximum likelihood( ML) estimation is difficult to meet requirements of CAT Ⅱ/Ⅲ integrity required by International Civil Aviation Organization( ICAO).Because of the correlation among the monitoring parameters of pseudorange error integrity based on the extreme estimation method and the limited data samples,a new Kalman filter monitoring algorithm is proposed in the position domain that uses linearly independent reference receivers to solve the position of airborne target,establishes the Kalman filter model of vertical positioning error,monitors vertical positioning error,and redefines the integrity monitoring parameter in the position domain. The experimental result shows that the algorithm not only resolves the correlation between the integrity monitoring parameters in the range domain,but also reduces the vertical protection level of the airborne system,which improves the fault detection performance of the GBAS and improves system availability.
引文
1 Li L,Mohammed Q,Stephen I,et al.Multiple reference consistency Check for LAAS:A novel position domain based approach.GPS Solutions,2012;16(2):209-220
2于耕,张洪亮,耿雪松,等.基于北斗的地基增强系统飞行试验性能.科学技术与工程,2017;17(18):331-335Yu Geng,Zhang Hongliang,Geng Xuesong,et al.Performance of GBAS flight test based on Beidou.Science Technology and Engineering,2017;17(18):331-335
3 Pervan B,Pullen C,Christie R.A multiple hypothesis approach to satellite navigation integrity.Navigation,1998;45(1):61-71
4 Sc-159.Minimum aviation system performance standards for the local area augmentation system(LAAS).Washington,D.C.:RTCA,2004
5于耕,张洪亮.GBAS参考接收机精度对一致性监测影响研究.科学技术与工程,2016;16(34):301-303Yu Geng,Zhang Hongliang.The research on impact of GBAS reference receivers position accuracy on monitoring of their consistency.Science Technology and Engineering,2016;16(34):301-303
6 FAA.United States department of transportation federal aviation administration:FAA-E-2937A.Washington,D.C.:FAA,2005
7 RTCA.Minimum aviation system performance standards for the Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS).Washington,D.C.:RTCAInc.,2006
8 Huang Z G,Zhu Y B.A new optimal hatch filter to minimize the effects of ionosphere gradients for GBAS.Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2008;21(6):526-536
9李亮.陆基增强系统定位与完好性监测技术研究.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012Li Liang.Ground based augmentation system:positioning and integrity monitoring.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012
10 Shively C.Performance analysis of alternative methods for LAASmultiple reference consistency.Navigation,1999;46(1):65-86
2于耕,张洪亮,耿雪松,等.基于北斗的地基增强系统飞行试验性能.科学技术与工程,2017;17(18):331-335Yu Geng,Zhang Hongliang,Geng Xuesong,et al.Performance of GBAS flight test based on Beidou.Science Technology and Engineering,2017;17(18):331-335
3 Pervan B,Pullen C,Christie R.A multiple hypothesis approach to satellite navigation integrity.Navigation,1998;45(1):61-71
4 Sc-159.Minimum aviation system performance standards for the local area augmentation system(LAAS).Washington,D.C.:RTCA,2004
5于耕,张洪亮.GBAS参考接收机精度对一致性监测影响研究.科学技术与工程,2016;16(34):301-303Yu Geng,Zhang Hongliang.The research on impact of GBAS reference receivers position accuracy on monitoring of their consistency.Science Technology and Engineering,2016;16(34):301-303
6 FAA.United States department of transportation federal aviation administration:FAA-E-2937A.Washington,D.C.:FAA,2005
7 RTCA.Minimum aviation system performance standards for the Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS).Washington,D.C.:RTCAInc.,2006
8 Huang Z G,Zhu Y B.A new optimal hatch filter to minimize the effects of ionosphere gradients for GBAS.Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2008;21(6):526-536
9李亮.陆基增强系统定位与完好性监测技术研究.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012Li Liang.Ground based augmentation system:positioning and integrity monitoring.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012
10 Shively C.Performance analysis of alternative methods for LAASmultiple reference consistency.Navigation,1999;46(1):65-86