慢性低剂量辐射小鼠模型的建立与评价
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摘要
目的比较不同剂量X射线照射后实验小鼠生物学指标的变化,以建立辐射损伤动物模型。方法用三种辐射剂量率(0.04 Gy/h/d、0.08 Gy/h/d、0.12 Gy/h/d)的X射线对三组昆明小鼠(辐射剂量由低到高分为L、M、H组)进行连续7天全身照射,同时设立不接受辐射的对照组(NC),辐射后检测各组小鼠脏器指数、外周血细胞计数、骨髓有核细胞计数、血清MDA含量和SOD活性等指标的变化,同时比较辐射前后各组小鼠体质量和肝脏、脾脏指数的改变。结果照射后7天,L组小鼠体质量明显低于NC组以及M、H组(P<0.05); M、H组小鼠脾脏指数显著低于NC组(P<0.01)和L组(P<0.05);不同剂量辐射组小鼠外周血WBC和骨髓有核细胞数量均较NC组显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);与NC组比较,M组小鼠血清MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05)、SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05)。结论慢性累积性低剂量辐射小鼠模型的最佳造模方法为辐射剂量率0.08 Gy/h/d、连续辐射7天,累积辐射剂量0.56 Gy。
Objective To establish an animal model of radiation injury by comparing the biological changes after radiation at different various doses. Methods Kunming mice were irradiated with X-rays at one of the following three dose levels( 0.04 gy/h/d,0.08 gy/h/d,and 0.12 gy/h/d) for 7 consecutive days. Mice without exposure to X-rays served as control( group NC). The organ index,peripheral blood cell count,bone marrow nucleated cell count,serum SOD activity and MDA content were detected. Meanwhile,the changes of body mass were compared before and after irradiation.Results The increase of body mass was slower in group L than in the control group after 7 consecutive days of low dose radiation. The body mass in group L was significantly lower than that of groups NC,M and H. The spleen index in groups M and H decreased significantly( P<0.01,P<0.05). WBC count in groups L,M and H was significantly lower than that of group NC( P<0.05). The number of nucleated cells in groups L,M and H was significantly smaller than that of group NC( P< 0.01). SOD activity in group M was significantly lower than that in group NC( P<0.05),and tended to decrease in groups L and H. MDA content in group M was significantly higher than that in group NC( P<0.05),and tended to increase in groups L and H.Conclusion The best condition for chronic radiation at low dosages is 0.08 gy/h for 7 consecutive days.
Objective To establish an animal model of radiation injury by comparing the biological changes after radiation at different various doses. Methods Kunming mice were irradiated with X-rays at one of the following three dose levels( 0.04 gy/h/d,0.08 gy/h/d,and 0.12 gy/h/d) for 7 consecutive days. Mice without exposure to X-rays served as control( group NC). The organ index,peripheral blood cell count,bone marrow nucleated cell count,serum SOD activity and MDA content were detected. Meanwhile,the changes of body mass were compared before and after irradiation.Results The increase of body mass was slower in group L than in the control group after 7 consecutive days of low dose radiation. The body mass in group L was significantly lower than that of groups NC,M and H. The spleen index in groups M and H decreased significantly( P<0.01,P<0.05). WBC count in groups L,M and H was significantly lower than that of group NC( P<0.05). The number of nucleated cells in groups L,M and H was significantly smaller than that of group NC( P< 0.01). SOD activity in group M was significantly lower than that in group NC( P<0.05),and tended to decrease in groups L and H. MDA content in group M was significantly higher than that in group NC( P<0.05),and tended to increase in groups L and H.Conclusion The best condition for chronic radiation at low dosages is 0.08 gy/h for 7 consecutive days.
引文
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[12]侯登勇,沈先荣,何颖,等.低剂量率60Coγ射线对SD大鼠的损伤生物效应研究[J].中国辐射卫生,2012,21(1):11.
[2]李百龙,蔡建明,高福,等.舰艇辐射医学防护课程创建与实践[J].基础医学教育,2014,16(7):513.
[3]WAKEFORD R,TAWN E J.The meaning of low dose and low dose-rate[J].J Radiol Prot,2010,30:1.
[4]赵航,贺中民,涂宏海,等.小鼠低剂量损伤模型的初步研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2012,12(20):3817.
[5]邓海平,俞诗源,陈玉琴,等.X射线辐射对仔鼠体重、皮毛生长及肝、肾脏组织SOD、CAT活力及MDA含量的影响[J].动物学报,2008,54(6):1029.
[6]ANDERSON R E,WARNER N L.Ionizing radiation and the immune response[J].Adv Immuno,1976,24:215.
[7]保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003版)[M].北京:中华人民卫生部,2003:11.
[8]何颖,沈先荣,蒋定文,等.方格形多虫对低剂量电离辐射、一氧化碳、苯和噪声复合损伤大鼠的保护作用观察[J].解放军医学杂志,2012,37(10):994.
[9]李德冠,王月英,吴红英,等.电离辐射对不同品系小鼠造血功能的影响[J].中国辐射卫生,2010,19(3):261.
[10]刘树铮.辐射危害的阈值问题-纪念伦琴发现X射线100周年[J].国外医学放射医学核医学分册,1995,19(5):204.
[11]杨明晶,俞萍,石根勇,等.低剂量辐射小鼠骨髓细胞凋亡率的变化[J].江苏预防医学,2007,18(1):1.
[12]侯登勇,沈先荣,何颖,等.低剂量率60Coγ射线对SD大鼠的损伤生物效应研究[J].中国辐射卫生,2012,21(1):11.