强风作用下温州滨海平坦地貌低矮房屋风压特性实测研究
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摘要
为研究典型地貌上低矮房屋强风作用下的风荷载特性,课题组基于温州滨海建立的实验基地,获得了台风"菲特"(2013年)登陆时的风场及实验房风压实测数据。实测数据分析结果表明:实测表面各测点的瞬时风压相关性较强,脉动性较大;风从角部吹过时,墙面风压分布特征较为明显,屋面风压大小分布较为复杂;屋檐、迎风角部以及某些屋脊局部的风荷载非常大;墙面迎风面平均风压系数均值较大;背风面平均风压系数均值较小。屋面平均风压系数分布较为复杂,一些点负值非常大,少数点出现正值。墙面迎风角部测点和屋面迎风向屋檐处的脉动风压系数较大;背风面测点的脉动风压系数非常小。对于高度小于10 m的房屋,按照实际高度进行风压系数计算对抗风设计更加有利。
In order to study the wind load characteristics of low-rise houses under strong winds on typical landforms,we established experimental house in Wenzhou coastal area.During the course of typhoon "Fitow"(2013),wind field and wind pressure data were measured using the house.The results show that the measured instantaneous wind pressure of each measured point of the surface is relatively strong.When the wind blows from the corner,the pressure distribution of the wall is obvious,the wind pressure distribution on the roof is complicated.The wind loads at the eaves and the windward corners and some part of the ridge are very large.The distribution of the mean wind pressure coefficient of the roof is complex,some negative values are very large,and a few points appear positive values.The fluctuating wind pressure coefficient at the windward corner of the wall and the eaves of the roof is large,and at the lee side is small.If the height of the house is less than 10 m,the wind pressure coefficient calculated by 10 m is smaller than the actual coefficient on the surface.This is disadvantageous to the wind resistance design of building.
In order to study the wind load characteristics of low-rise houses under strong winds on typical landforms,we established experimental house in Wenzhou coastal area.During the course of typhoon "Fitow"(2013),wind field and wind pressure data were measured using the house.The results show that the measured instantaneous wind pressure of each measured point of the surface is relatively strong.When the wind blows from the corner,the pressure distribution of the wall is obvious,the wind pressure distribution on the roof is complicated.The wind loads at the eaves and the windward corners and some part of the ridge are very large.The distribution of the mean wind pressure coefficient of the roof is complex,some negative values are very large,and a few points appear positive values.The fluctuating wind pressure coefficient at the windward corner of the wall and the eaves of the roof is large,and at the lee side is small.If the height of the house is less than 10 m,the wind pressure coefficient calculated by 10 m is smaller than the actual coefficient on the surface.This is disadvantageous to the wind resistance design of building.
引文
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[4] LEVITAN M L,MEHTA K C.Texas tech field experiments for wind loads part II:Meteorological instrumentation and terrain parameters[J].Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,43(s1-3):1577-1588.
[5] 戴益民,李秋胜,李正农.低矮房屋屋面风压特性的实测研究[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):9-13.
[6] 李秋胜,胡尚瑜,李正农.低矮房屋风荷载实测研究(Ⅱ)——双坡屋面风压特征分析[J].土木工程学报,2012(4):1-8.
[7] 顾明,赵雅丽,黄强,等.低层房屋屋面平均风压的风洞试验和数值模拟[J].空气动力学学报,2010,28(1):82-87.
[8] 戴益民,彭望,蒋荣正,等.考虑地貌影响平屋面低矮建筑屋面局部风压特性试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2017,38(2):134-142.
[2] APPERLEY L,SURRY D,STATHOPOULOS T,et al.Comparative measurements of wind pressure on a model of the full-scale experimental house at Aylesbury,England [J].Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics,1979,4(3-4):207-228.
[3] LEVITANA M L,MEHTAB K C.Texas tech field experiments for wind loads part I:Building and pressure measuring system [J].Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,43(s1-3):1565-1576.
[4] LEVITAN M L,MEHTA K C.Texas tech field experiments for wind loads part II:Meteorological instrumentation and terrain parameters[J].Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,43(s1-3):1577-1588.
[5] 戴益民,李秋胜,李正农.低矮房屋屋面风压特性的实测研究[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):9-13.
[6] 李秋胜,胡尚瑜,李正农.低矮房屋风荷载实测研究(Ⅱ)——双坡屋面风压特征分析[J].土木工程学报,2012(4):1-8.
[7] 顾明,赵雅丽,黄强,等.低层房屋屋面平均风压的风洞试验和数值模拟[J].空气动力学学报,2010,28(1):82-87.
[8] 戴益民,彭望,蒋荣正,等.考虑地貌影响平屋面低矮建筑屋面局部风压特性试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2017,38(2):134-142.