低开关频率下电励磁同步电机的MATLAB仿真研究
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摘要
功率器件的开关损耗是大功率变频调速系统的主要能耗之一,低开关频率运行是改善能耗问题的有效措施,但会造成变频器输出谐波畸变严重、控制效果不佳的问题。以电励磁同步电机为对象,研究了一种适用于低开关频率运行的特定谐波消除的脉冲调制策略,给出了基于MATLAB软件的开关角求解算法。针对该策略特定谐波消除、整体谐波能量迁移的特点,提出了一种简单LC电路进行谐波能量滤除的方法。基于MATLAB仿真环境搭建了电励磁同步电机的控制系统,验证了所设计方案的有效性与可行性。
Switch loss is one of the main energy consumption of the high power transmission system, while the low switching frequency approach is an effective way to improve above issues. However, it will result in a severe harmonic distortion and further affect the control performance. A selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation(SHEPWM) strategy has been used to ensure the low energy consumption operation of a diode clamped three-level converter whose load is a high power electrically excited synchronous motors(EESM). For the SHEPWM's characteristics of specific harmonic elimination and harmonic energy moving on the high order, a simple high-pass harmonic filter is designed. The whole control system of the EESM is established based on the MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the designed strategy.
Switch loss is one of the main energy consumption of the high power transmission system, while the low switching frequency approach is an effective way to improve above issues. However, it will result in a severe harmonic distortion and further affect the control performance. A selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation(SHEPWM) strategy has been used to ensure the low energy consumption operation of a diode clamped three-level converter whose load is a high power electrically excited synchronous motors(EESM). For the SHEPWM's characteristics of specific harmonic elimination and harmonic energy moving on the high order, a simple high-pass harmonic filter is designed. The whole control system of the EESM is established based on the MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the designed strategy.
引文
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[4]赵冰洁.三电平不连续调制技术及其低开关频率控制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.Zhao Bingjie.Research on three-level discontinuous modulation and low switching frequency control[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011.
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[8]伍小杰,袁庆庆,符晓,等.基于复矢量调节器的低开关频率同步电机控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012.32(3):124-129.WU Xiaojie,YUAN Qingqing,FU Xiao,et al.A novel complex state current controller for Synchronous motor at very low switching frequency[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(3):124-129.
[9]Kouro S,La Rocca B,Cortes P,et al.Predictive control based selective harmonic elimination with low switching frequency for multilevel converters[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,San Jose,2009:3130-3136.
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[11]利德华福.高压变频调速技术在交通与节能领域的应用—利德华福专访游小杰教授[OL].(2008-07-15).http://www.gkong.com/html/news/2008/7/24189.Html.Harvest.The applications of high voltage converters in the field of transportation and energy conservation-an interview for professor YOU Xiaojie[OL].(2008-07-15).http://www.gkong.com/html/news/2008/7/24189.Html.
[12]吴轩钦,谭国俊,何凤有,等.电励磁同步电机转子高频电流信号提取无速度传感器控制[J].电机与控制学报,2015,19(6):61-68.WU Xuanqin,TANG Guojun,HE fengyou,et al.Speed sensorless control with extracting high-frequency current signal from rotor of electrically excited synchronous motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2015,19(6):61-68.
[13]刘洋,史黎明,赵鲁,等.电励磁同步电机惯性储能直流馈电系统新型单位功率因数控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):147-154.LIU Yang,SHI Liming,ZHAO Lu,et al.A novel unity power factor control of electrically excited synchronous motor in an inertia wheel energy storage system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(1):147-154.
[14]M Seilmeier.Modelling of electrically excited synchronous machine(EESM)considering nonlinear material characteristics and multiple saliencies[J].European Conference on Power Electronics&Application,2011,41(8):1-10.
[15]袁庆庆.双三电平PWM变频器低开关频率关键技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.YUAN Qingqing.Study of the back to back three-level PWM converter with a low switching frequency[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2014.
[16]胡存刚,王群京,李国丽,等.一种新的SHEPWM三电平逆变系统的仿真和实验研究[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(16):4425-4428.HU Cun-gang,WANG Qun-jing,LI Guo-li,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research on SHEPWM Technique Applied to Three-Level Inverter[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(16):4425-4428.
[17]符晓.电励磁同步电机低开关频率控制技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.FU Xiao.Control of electrically excited synchronous machine at low switching frequency[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011.
[2]Quoc Khanh Nguyen,Johannes Schuster,Jorg Roth-Stielow.Energy optimal control of an electrically excited synchronous motors used as traction drive[C]//.9th International Conference on Power Electronics-ECCE Asia,Seoul,Korea,2015:2789-2795.
[3]马小亮.概述低开关频率PWM变频的问题及解决办法[J].电气传动,2009,39(5):3-9.MA Xiaoliang.Problems and solutions of low frequency PWM inverters-an overview[J].Electric Drive,2009,39(5):3-9.
[4]赵冰洁.三电平不连续调制技术及其低开关频率控制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.Zhao Bingjie.Research on three-level discontinuous modulation and low switching frequency control[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011.
[5]Siemens A G.Power semiconductors:for medium voltage converters-an overview[C]//13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.Spain:EPE,2009:121-134.
[6]Bose B K.Power electronics and motor drives:advances and trends[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier/Academic Press,2006:917.
[7]Franquelo L G,Napoles J,Portillo R,et al.A flexible selective harmonic mitigation technique to meet grid codes in three-level PWM converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Electronics(S0278-0046),2007,54(6):3022-3029.
[8]伍小杰,袁庆庆,符晓,等.基于复矢量调节器的低开关频率同步电机控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012.32(3):124-129.WU Xiaojie,YUAN Qingqing,FU Xiao,et al.A novel complex state current controller for Synchronous motor at very low switching frequency[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(3):124-129.
[9]Kouro S,La Rocca B,Cortes P,et al.Predictive control based selective harmonic elimination with low switching frequency for multilevel converters[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,San Jose,2009:3130-3136.
[10]Bernet J S,Wu B.Multilevel voltage source converter topologies for industrial medium-voltage drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics(S0278-0046),2007,54(6):2930-2945.
[11]利德华福.高压变频调速技术在交通与节能领域的应用—利德华福专访游小杰教授[OL].(2008-07-15).http://www.gkong.com/html/news/2008/7/24189.Html.Harvest.The applications of high voltage converters in the field of transportation and energy conservation-an interview for professor YOU Xiaojie[OL].(2008-07-15).http://www.gkong.com/html/news/2008/7/24189.Html.
[12]吴轩钦,谭国俊,何凤有,等.电励磁同步电机转子高频电流信号提取无速度传感器控制[J].电机与控制学报,2015,19(6):61-68.WU Xuanqin,TANG Guojun,HE fengyou,et al.Speed sensorless control with extracting high-frequency current signal from rotor of electrically excited synchronous motor[J].Electric Machines and Control,2015,19(6):61-68.
[13]刘洋,史黎明,赵鲁,等.电励磁同步电机惯性储能直流馈电系统新型单位功率因数控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):147-154.LIU Yang,SHI Liming,ZHAO Lu,et al.A novel unity power factor control of electrically excited synchronous motor in an inertia wheel energy storage system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(1):147-154.
[14]M Seilmeier.Modelling of electrically excited synchronous machine(EESM)considering nonlinear material characteristics and multiple saliencies[J].European Conference on Power Electronics&Application,2011,41(8):1-10.
[15]袁庆庆.双三电平PWM变频器低开关频率关键技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.YUAN Qingqing.Study of the back to back three-level PWM converter with a low switching frequency[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2014.
[16]胡存刚,王群京,李国丽,等.一种新的SHEPWM三电平逆变系统的仿真和实验研究[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(16):4425-4428.HU Cun-gang,WANG Qun-jing,LI Guo-li,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research on SHEPWM Technique Applied to Three-Level Inverter[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(16):4425-4428.
[17]符晓.电励磁同步电机低开关频率控制技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.FU Xiao.Control of electrically excited synchronous machine at low switching frequency[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011.