时效制度对18Ni(C250)马氏体时效钢力学性能的影响
|
摘要
对18Ni(C250)马氏体型时效钢进行了低温时效、分级时效及单时效处理,研究了时效工艺对该钢力学性能的影响。结果表明:300~350℃低温时效时,强度升高缓慢,硬度变化不大,有利于去除应力;经370℃预时效加不同温度高温时效(即分级时效)后,随温度升高,强度增加,470~490℃时效时,强度和塑性综合性能良好;与480℃单时效相比,分级时效时强度较高;单时效条件下,随时效时间延长,抗拉强度提高,伸长率逐渐减小;单时效3 h时,抗拉强度不符合零件力学性能要求,因此一般选用4.5 h和6 h时效。综合考虑,18Ni(C250)钢最佳时效制度为低温预时效+(470~490℃)×4.5 h终时效。
Effect of aging process on mechanical properties of 18 Ni( C250) maraging steel was studied by means of low temperature aging,graded aging,and single aging treatment. The results show that the strength increases slowly and the hardness changes little when low temperature aged at 300-350 ℃,which is beneficial to stress relief. After graded aging,i. e.,a 370 ℃ pre-aging plus high temperature aging at different temperatures,the strength increases with the increase of temperature,and the comprehensive properties of strength and plasticity are good when aged at 470-490 ℃. Compared with single aging at 480 ℃,the strength of graded aged steel is higher. Under the condition of single aging,with the prolongation of aging time,the tensile strength increases and the elongation gradually decreases; when single aged for 3 h,the tensile strength does not meet the mechanical properties requirements of the parts,so aging for 4. 5 h and 6 h are generally used. Considering comprehensively,the best aging process of the 18 Ni(C250) steel is low temperature pre-aging +(470-490 ℃) ×4. 5 h final aging.
Effect of aging process on mechanical properties of 18 Ni( C250) maraging steel was studied by means of low temperature aging,graded aging,and single aging treatment. The results show that the strength increases slowly and the hardness changes little when low temperature aged at 300-350 ℃,which is beneficial to stress relief. After graded aging,i. e.,a 370 ℃ pre-aging plus high temperature aging at different temperatures,the strength increases with the increase of temperature,and the comprehensive properties of strength and plasticity are good when aged at 470-490 ℃. Compared with single aging at 480 ℃,the strength of graded aged steel is higher. Under the condition of single aging,with the prolongation of aging time,the tensile strength increases and the elongation gradually decreases; when single aged for 3 h,the tensile strength does not meet the mechanical properties requirements of the parts,so aging for 4. 5 h and 6 h are generally used. Considering comprehensively,the best aging process of the 18 Ni(C250) steel is low temperature pre-aging +(470-490 ℃) ×4. 5 h final aging.
引文
[1]Decker R F.Maraging Steels-the First 30 Years[M].Maraging Steels:Recent Development and Applications,1988:1-38.
[2]姜越,尹钟大,朱景川,等.马氏体时效不锈钢的发展现状[J].特殊钢,2003,24(3):1-5.Jiang Yue,Yin Zhongda,Zhu Jingchuan,et al.Development status of maraging stainless steel[J].Special Steel,2003,24(3):1-5.
[3]Imrie W M.Maraging steels in the British aerospace industry[J].Metal Forming,1970,37(1):15-41.
[4]Hamaker J C.Applications of maraging steels[J].Cobalt,1968,24(3):1-5.
[5]黄玉山,谭超林,马文有,等.热处理对选区激光熔化马氏体时效钢组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(11):59-64.Huang Yushan,Tan Chaolin,Ma Wenyou,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of selective laser melting maraging steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(11):59-64.
[6]范蜀晋,戴涛.18Ni马氏体时效钢的性能和用途[J].国外金属热处理,1995,16(3):41-47.
[7]邢梅香,任卫斌.时效时间对18Ni(250)力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(4):191-192.Xing Meixiang,Ren Weibin.Effect of aging time on mechanical properties of 18Ni(250)[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(4):191-192.
[8]陈建刚,张建福,卢凤双,等.18Ni马氏体时效钢强化方法概述[J].金属功能材料,2009,16(4):46-49.Chen Jiangang,Zhang Jianfu,Lu Fengshuang,et al.Outline of strengthening ways in 18Ni maraging steel[J].Metallic Functional Materials,2009,16(4):46-49.
[9]何毅,苏国跃,曲文生,等.超纯净18Ni马氏体时效钢的晶粒尺寸及其对拉伸性能的影响[J].金属学报,2002,38(1):53-57.He Yi,Su Guoyue,Qu Wensheng,et al.Grain size and its effect on tensile property of ultra-purified 18Ni maraging steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2002,38(1):53-57.
[2]姜越,尹钟大,朱景川,等.马氏体时效不锈钢的发展现状[J].特殊钢,2003,24(3):1-5.Jiang Yue,Yin Zhongda,Zhu Jingchuan,et al.Development status of maraging stainless steel[J].Special Steel,2003,24(3):1-5.
[3]Imrie W M.Maraging steels in the British aerospace industry[J].Metal Forming,1970,37(1):15-41.
[4]Hamaker J C.Applications of maraging steels[J].Cobalt,1968,24(3):1-5.
[5]黄玉山,谭超林,马文有,等.热处理对选区激光熔化马氏体时效钢组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(11):59-64.Huang Yushan,Tan Chaolin,Ma Wenyou,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of selective laser melting maraging steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(11):59-64.
[6]范蜀晋,戴涛.18Ni马氏体时效钢的性能和用途[J].国外金属热处理,1995,16(3):41-47.
[7]邢梅香,任卫斌.时效时间对18Ni(250)力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(4):191-192.Xing Meixiang,Ren Weibin.Effect of aging time on mechanical properties of 18Ni(250)[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(4):191-192.
[8]陈建刚,张建福,卢凤双,等.18Ni马氏体时效钢强化方法概述[J].金属功能材料,2009,16(4):46-49.Chen Jiangang,Zhang Jianfu,Lu Fengshuang,et al.Outline of strengthening ways in 18Ni maraging steel[J].Metallic Functional Materials,2009,16(4):46-49.
[9]何毅,苏国跃,曲文生,等.超纯净18Ni马氏体时效钢的晶粒尺寸及其对拉伸性能的影响[J].金属学报,2002,38(1):53-57.He Yi,Su Guoyue,Qu Wensheng,et al.Grain size and its effect on tensile property of ultra-purified 18Ni maraging steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2002,38(1):53-57.