西部农村地区居住环境与能耗现场调研分析
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摘要
针对西部9省农村地区的居住环境、建筑保温隔热性能以及能源消耗三个方面进行现场问卷调研。调研结果表明80%以上农村居民认为室内热环境非常恶劣,宜居性差;人畜毗邻和秸秆焚烧的比例高达50%和40%以上;西部地区的建筑整体保温隔热性能较差。90%~95%的农村建筑单位面积年耗电量低于15kW-h,仅为城镇住宅的20%左右,因此农村建筑节能必然是前瞻性的建筑节能;西部农村能源利用率较低,利用方式初级、层次较低,该研究揭示了中国西部农村生活环境和能源消耗现状。
In our study,in-situ questionnaire survey was done on living environment,heat insulation performance of envelopes and energy consumption in the west provinces.Survey results show that more than 60%of occupants has a viewpoint of poor indooi liveability.The health of occupants is threatened due to poor air quality polluted by the livestock breeding,toilet sanitation,kitchen stove and so on.And there are poor heat insulation performances of envelopes.90%~95%of occupants has only less than 15kW·h/m~2,which is very low,is 20%of urban energy consumption.And in the whole west,the utilization percentage of new or suitable energy,such as biogas,solar energy,is lower than 20%.This stud reveals the current situation of rural living environment and energy consumption in the west of China.
In our study,in-situ questionnaire survey was done on living environment,heat insulation performance of envelopes and energy consumption in the west provinces.Survey results show that more than 60%of occupants has a viewpoint of poor indooi liveability.The health of occupants is threatened due to poor air quality polluted by the livestock breeding,toilet sanitation,kitchen stove and so on.And there are poor heat insulation performances of envelopes.90%~95%of occupants has only less than 15kW·h/m~2,which is very low,is 20%of urban energy consumption.And in the whole west,the utilization percentage of new or suitable energy,such as biogas,solar energy,is lower than 20%.This stud reveals the current situation of rural living environment and energy consumption in the west of China.
引文
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[9]张群,朱轶韵,刘加平,等.西北乡村民居被动式太阳能设计实践与实测分析[J].西安理工大学学报,2010,26(4):471-481.
[10]袁璐,刘煜,哈申格日乐.西安市长安区农村住宅“低碳”更新技术策略的调研分析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2014,40(2):243-247.
[11]何泉,刘加平,吕小辉.西北农村地区的生态建筑适宜技术——以银川市碱富桥村设计为例[J].四川建筑科学研究,2009,35(2):331-334.
[2]马俊.西部环境与经济增长之关系研究[J].西北民族研究.2005.3(46):1 82-192.
[3]刘文佳.发展并不平等[M].香港:香港中文大学亚太研究所出版公司,1999.
[4]罗国亮,刘涛.中国西部农村地区的能源贫困与可再生能源资源利用[J].华北电力大学学报(社会科学版),2013,(6):6-12.
[5]彭小云,王凯.农村住宅热环境测试研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2014,40(2):317-319.
[6]程宝良,高丽.西部脆弱环境分布与贫困关系的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(2):198-202.
[7]张红,田志强.中国西部环境恶化对社会经济结构的影响[J].重庆工学院学报,2002,(2):24-29.
[8]朱轶韵,刘加平.西北农村建筑冬季室内热环境研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(P):400-403.
[9]张群,朱轶韵,刘加平,等.西北乡村民居被动式太阳能设计实践与实测分析[J].西安理工大学学报,2010,26(4):471-481.
[10]袁璐,刘煜,哈申格日乐.西安市长安区农村住宅“低碳”更新技术策略的调研分析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2014,40(2):243-247.
[11]何泉,刘加平,吕小辉.西北农村地区的生态建筑适宜技术——以银川市碱富桥村设计为例[J].四川建筑科学研究,2009,35(2):331-334.