2016年潍坊城乡二年级学生患龋状况及口腔行为习惯的调查
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摘要
目的调查分析潍坊城乡学龄儿童乳牙及第一恒磨牙患龋状况及口腔卫生行为习惯,为学龄期儿童口腔卫生保健提供依据和指导。方法 2016年3-6月根据分层整群抽样抽取潍坊地区十所小学(城乡各半),对校内全部二年级学生的乳牙及第一恒磨牙进行龋病检查,同时针对口腔卫生行为习惯进行问卷调查,分析其患龋状况及与口腔行为习惯的关系。结果十所小学共有1 255名(男680名、女575名)二年级学生接受龋病检查和问卷调查,乳牙的患龋率为82.95%,充填率为19.60%,两者在城乡间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);乳牙龋均5.15。在性别、城乡间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第一恒磨牙患龋率36.02%,龋均0.78,两者在城乡、性别间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。窝沟封闭率为10.04%,城乡间的封闭差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。问卷调查结果发现,每天刷牙、睡前刷牙、进甜食后刷牙及低糖饮料的学生患龋率较低(P<0.05)。结论 2016年潍坊城乡二年级学生龋病状况严重,充填率偏低;学生的口腔卫生行为习惯较差,与患龋状况存在密切关系,应加强本地区口腔防治工作。
Objective To investigate and analyze the status of dental caries occurring in deciduous teeth and first permanent molar as well as oral behavior and habit among the school-aged children in the urban and rural areas of Weifang City so as to provide a basis and guidance for their oral health care.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 5 urban and 5 rural primary schools in Weifang City from March to June in 2016.Dental caries in deciduous teeth and first permanent molar of the second graders from the 10 primary schools were checked; meanwhile,a questionnaire investigation on oral health behavior and habit was conducted and the relationship between dental caries and oral health behavior was analyzed.Results A total of1,255 second graders (including 680 boys and 575 girls) received the examination of dental caries and the questionnaire survey.The prevalence rate of dental caries in deciduous teeth was 82.95%,and the filling rate of dental caries was 19.60%,with statistically significant differences between the urban and rural areas (P< 0.05),but without statistically significant differences between the genders (P>0.05).The decayed,missing and filled tooth (dmft) of deciduous teeth was 5.15,and the differences between genders as well as between the rural and urban areas showed statistical significance (both P < 0.05).The prevalence rate of dental caries of the first permanent molar was 36.02%,and the dmft was 0.78,and the differences between the rural and urban areas as well as between genders showed statistical significance (both P < 0.05).The pit-and-fissure sealing rate was 10.04%,and the difference between the rural and urban areas showed statistical significance (P< 0.05).The questionnaire survey showed that the prevalence rate of dental caries was lower in the students with the habits of brushing teeth every day,brushing teeth before going to bed,brushing teeth straight after eating sweet food and drinking low-sugar beverage (P< 0.05).Conclusions The status of dental caries of the urban and rural second graders in Weifang City in 2016 is severe,and the filling rate is low.The students' oral health behavior and habit are poor,which are closely correlated with the status of dental caries; and hence,it is necessary to strengthen oral health prevention and treatment in the local area.
Objective To investigate and analyze the status of dental caries occurring in deciduous teeth and first permanent molar as well as oral behavior and habit among the school-aged children in the urban and rural areas of Weifang City so as to provide a basis and guidance for their oral health care.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 5 urban and 5 rural primary schools in Weifang City from March to June in 2016.Dental caries in deciduous teeth and first permanent molar of the second graders from the 10 primary schools were checked; meanwhile,a questionnaire investigation on oral health behavior and habit was conducted and the relationship between dental caries and oral health behavior was analyzed.Results A total of1,255 second graders (including 680 boys and 575 girls) received the examination of dental caries and the questionnaire survey.The prevalence rate of dental caries in deciduous teeth was 82.95%,and the filling rate of dental caries was 19.60%,with statistically significant differences between the urban and rural areas (P< 0.05),but without statistically significant differences between the genders (P>0.05).The decayed,missing and filled tooth (dmft) of deciduous teeth was 5.15,and the differences between genders as well as between the rural and urban areas showed statistical significance (both P < 0.05).The prevalence rate of dental caries of the first permanent molar was 36.02%,and the dmft was 0.78,and the differences between the rural and urban areas as well as between genders showed statistical significance (both P < 0.05).The pit-and-fissure sealing rate was 10.04%,and the difference between the rural and urban areas showed statistical significance (P< 0.05).The questionnaire survey showed that the prevalence rate of dental caries was lower in the students with the habits of brushing teeth every day,brushing teeth before going to bed,brushing teeth straight after eating sweet food and drinking low-sugar beverage (P< 0.05).Conclusions The status of dental caries of the urban and rural second graders in Weifang City in 2016 is severe,and the filling rate is low.The students' oral health behavior and habit are poor,which are closely correlated with the status of dental caries; and hence,it is necessary to strengthen oral health prevention and treatment in the local area.
引文
[1]胥爱文,谢丽娟,王芹.河北省涿鹿县农村小学生患龋情况[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1434-1436.
[2]吴玲英,曾小林,沈彬儒.浙江省平湖市12岁儿童龋齿流行病调查[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(7):802-804.
[3]计艳,龚玲,李大为,等.南京市7~12岁儿童龋病流行病学调查分析[J].实用口腔医学杂志,2010,26(5):671-674.
[4]Okoye L,Ekwueme O.Prevalence of dental caries in a Nigerian rural community:a preliminary local survey[J].Ann Me Health Sci Res,2011,1(2):187-196.
[5]Dawkins E,Michimi A,Ellis-Griffith G,et al.Dental caries among children visiting a mobile dental clinic in South Central Kentucky:a pooled cross-sectional study[J].BMC Oral Health,2013:13-19.
[6]齐小秋.第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查报告[M].北京:北京人民卫生出版社,2008:16-24.
[7]李骏,李劲松,高建民.西安市7~9岁儿童口腔健康状况及窝沟封闭情况[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):438-444.
[8]孙晓雯,蒋英英.2014年潍坊地区城乡学龄前儿童患龋状况及其影响因素调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(6):691-696.
[9]于雪,王琳,李洁,等.唐山市7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋状况及相关性研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2015,33(1):54-57
[10]涂蕊,钟亦思,李雪,等.四川省652名6岁儿童乳恒牙龋3年观察结果[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2015,33(1):46-49.
[11]李霞,姜晓蕾,袁晓,等.2012-2014年青岛市崂山区二年级儿童第一恒磨牙萌出及患龋情况调查[J].青岛大学医学院学报,2015,51(5):605-607.
[12]姜全春,刘怡杰,王蒙,等.大连开发区7~9岁儿童龋病患病状况及相关因素分析[J].实用口腔医学杂志,2012,28(6):760-765.
[13]王春笛,刘凯,赖文,等.安徽省中学生龋病现状调查及其影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(3):327-329.
[14]公文,李刚,吕建,等.山东省1126名小学生口腔现状调查及危险因素分析[J].口腔医学,2016,36(2):174-177.
[15]Campain AC,Morgan MV,Evans RW,et al.Sugar-starch combinations in food and the relationship to dental caries in low-risk adolescents[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2003,111(4):316-325.
[16]白玥,江虹,曲美霞,等.宁夏小学生口腔健康促进效果评估[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(1):28-30.
[2]吴玲英,曾小林,沈彬儒.浙江省平湖市12岁儿童龋齿流行病调查[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(7):802-804.
[3]计艳,龚玲,李大为,等.南京市7~12岁儿童龋病流行病学调查分析[J].实用口腔医学杂志,2010,26(5):671-674.
[4]Okoye L,Ekwueme O.Prevalence of dental caries in a Nigerian rural community:a preliminary local survey[J].Ann Me Health Sci Res,2011,1(2):187-196.
[5]Dawkins E,Michimi A,Ellis-Griffith G,et al.Dental caries among children visiting a mobile dental clinic in South Central Kentucky:a pooled cross-sectional study[J].BMC Oral Health,2013:13-19.
[6]齐小秋.第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查报告[M].北京:北京人民卫生出版社,2008:16-24.
[7]李骏,李劲松,高建民.西安市7~9岁儿童口腔健康状况及窝沟封闭情况[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):438-444.
[8]孙晓雯,蒋英英.2014年潍坊地区城乡学龄前儿童患龋状况及其影响因素调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(6):691-696.
[9]于雪,王琳,李洁,等.唐山市7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋状况及相关性研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2015,33(1):54-57
[10]涂蕊,钟亦思,李雪,等.四川省652名6岁儿童乳恒牙龋3年观察结果[J].华西口腔医学杂志,2015,33(1):46-49.
[11]李霞,姜晓蕾,袁晓,等.2012-2014年青岛市崂山区二年级儿童第一恒磨牙萌出及患龋情况调查[J].青岛大学医学院学报,2015,51(5):605-607.
[12]姜全春,刘怡杰,王蒙,等.大连开发区7~9岁儿童龋病患病状况及相关因素分析[J].实用口腔医学杂志,2012,28(6):760-765.
[13]王春笛,刘凯,赖文,等.安徽省中学生龋病现状调查及其影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(3):327-329.
[14]公文,李刚,吕建,等.山东省1126名小学生口腔现状调查及危险因素分析[J].口腔医学,2016,36(2):174-177.
[15]Campain AC,Morgan MV,Evans RW,et al.Sugar-starch combinations in food and the relationship to dental caries in low-risk adolescents[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2003,111(4):316-325.
[16]白玥,江虹,曲美霞,等.宁夏小学生口腔健康促进效果评估[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(1):28-30.