隆兴矿低透气性煤层深孔预裂爆破增透方法研究
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摘要
为解决高瓦斯、低透煤层回采过程中瓦斯超限影响安全生产有序推进的难题,提出了运用深孔定点预裂爆破技术提高煤层的透气性,提升回采煤层的抽采率和单孔极限瓦斯抽采量,降低煤层瓦斯的方法。运用数值模拟软件COMSOL模拟爆破前后钻孔有效抽采半径,采用最小二乘拟合的方法对模拟数据进行分析,确定最佳抽采半径为3. 5 m。通过在隆兴煤矿试验并监测表明:实施预裂爆破后的抽采率达到50. 8%,是爆破前的1. 6倍;对监测得到的钻孔瓦斯涌出量qt利用多元统计法回归分析,得出任意时间上的钻孔瓦斯涌出量的关系函数,经运算得到实施预裂爆破后的钻孔极限抽采瓦斯总量是爆破前的5. 3倍。
In order to solve the problem of gas exceeding limit affecting the orderly advance of safety production in the mining process of high gas and low permeability coal seam,the application of deep hole pre-splitting blasting technology to improve the permeability of coal seam was put forward,enhance the extraction rate of coal seam and the limit gas extraction capacity of single hole,and reduce the gas in coal seam. By using COMSOL numerical simulation software to simulate the effective extraction radius of boreholes before and after blasting,the least square fitting method was used to analyze the simulated data,and the optimum extraction radius was determined to be 3. 5 m. The experimental monitoring in Longxing Coal Mine shows that: the extraction rate after pre-splitting blasting is 50.8%,which is 1. 6 times higher than that before blasting; the relationship function of gas emission at any time is obtained by regression analysis of QT of monitoring borehole gas emission,and the borehole pole after pre-splitting blasting is calculated. The total amount of restricted gas extraction is 5. 3 times that before blasting.
In order to solve the problem of gas exceeding limit affecting the orderly advance of safety production in the mining process of high gas and low permeability coal seam,the application of deep hole pre-splitting blasting technology to improve the permeability of coal seam was put forward,enhance the extraction rate of coal seam and the limit gas extraction capacity of single hole,and reduce the gas in coal seam. By using COMSOL numerical simulation software to simulate the effective extraction radius of boreholes before and after blasting,the least square fitting method was used to analyze the simulated data,and the optimum extraction radius was determined to be 3. 5 m. The experimental monitoring in Longxing Coal Mine shows that: the extraction rate after pre-splitting blasting is 50.8%,which is 1. 6 times higher than that before blasting; the relationship function of gas emission at any time is obtained by regression analysis of QT of monitoring borehole gas emission,and the borehole pole after pre-splitting blasting is calculated. The total amount of restricted gas extraction is 5. 3 times that before blasting.
引文
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[2]潘井澜,梁伟东.预裂爆破技术的发展[J].金属矿山,1996(9):12-14.
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[4]方前程,王兆丰,杨利平.利用水力割缝提高低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采的试验研究[J].煤,2007,16(5):1-2.
[5]吴海进,林柏泉,杨威,等.初始应力对缝槽卸压效果影响的数值分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(2):194-197.
[6]王海东.深部开采低渗透煤层预裂控制爆破增透机理研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012.
[7]杨小林,孙博,褚怀保.煤体爆破裂纹扩展速度试验研究[J].爆破,2011,28(4):1-10.
[8]褚怀保,杨小林,侯爱军,等.含瓦斯煤体爆破作用机理数值模拟研究[J].釆矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(4):644-648.