天津高校大学生乙肝风险态度及对乙肝疫苗接种意愿的影响
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摘要
目的:探讨天津高校大学生乙肝风险态度及其对乙肝疫苗接种意愿的影响,为设计针对大学生群体的健康教育措施提供参考。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法抽取6所高校的1013名大学生进行自填式问卷调查。结果:乙肝风险规避者、风险中立者和风险寻求者分别为328人(32.4%),496人(49.1%)和187人(18.5%);在控制其他变量条件下,风险中立者和风险规避者具有乙肝疫苗接种意愿的概率分别是风险寻求者的2.925倍和17.128倍;此外,医学相关专业、处于恋爱状态和以前学习过乙肝知识的学生具有乙肝疫苗接种意愿的概率也相对较高(P值均<0.05)。结论:针对风险规避者和风险中立者,加强对乙肝疾病特征和疾病经济负担方面的健康教育,针对风险寻求者,可从乙肝的流行趋势和传播途径等方面加强,使其对感染乙肝的概率有更科学的认识。
Objective To explore the influence of college students' attitude towards Hepatitis B risk on their willingness to vaccine in Tianjin, and provide evidence for health education for undergraduates. Methods 1013 cases of college students were selected from 6 colleges with multiple-stage random sampling method and surveyed with questionnaires. Results There had 328, 496 and 187 cases in risk aversion group, risk neutral group and risk seeking group, respectively. As other variables were controlled, the probability of willingness to Hepatitis B vaccine for risk neutral group and risk aversion group was 2.925 and 17.128 times as risk seeking group, respectively. The students who majored in medical sciences, being in love and had learnt Hepatitis B knowledge were more likely to take Hepatitis B vaccine(P<0.05). Conclusion It is suggested to intensify health education on disease symptom and disease economic burden for risk aversion and risk neutral group, and health education on prevalence trend and transmission route for risk seeking group.
Objective To explore the influence of college students' attitude towards Hepatitis B risk on their willingness to vaccine in Tianjin, and provide evidence for health education for undergraduates. Methods 1013 cases of college students were selected from 6 colleges with multiple-stage random sampling method and surveyed with questionnaires. Results There had 328, 496 and 187 cases in risk aversion group, risk neutral group and risk seeking group, respectively. As other variables were controlled, the probability of willingness to Hepatitis B vaccine for risk neutral group and risk aversion group was 2.925 and 17.128 times as risk seeking group, respectively. The students who majored in medical sciences, being in love and had learnt Hepatitis B knowledge were more likely to take Hepatitis B vaccine(P<0.05). Conclusion It is suggested to intensify health education on disease symptom and disease economic burden for risk aversion and risk neutral group, and health education on prevalence trend and transmission route for risk seeking group.
引文
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[7] 唐义红, 李艳霞, 王小平. 大学生感染艾滋病的现状及防治对策分析[J]. 中国卫生事业管理,2017,35(06):474-476.
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[11] 何夏婷,马绍斌,范存欣,等. 广州市4所高校大学生乙型肝炎KAP调查[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(3):276-278.
[12] 马彪雄,王宇红,马汉平,等. 兰州地区大学生乙肝疫苗接种率及影响因素分析[J].卫生职业教育,2014,32(3): 126-127.
[13] 高勇强,黎燕宁,滕红艳,等. 南宁市某医学高校大学生乙肝疫苗接种率影响因素分析[J].应用预防医学, 2016,22(5):414-417.
[14] 梅琳. 大学生乙肝疫苗接种率的影响因素分析[J].中国校医,2015,29(10):768-769.
[15] 田嵩浩,徐浩,陈浩德,等. 山西省某高校大学生乙肝疫苗接种情况及其影响因素[J]. 职业与健康,2017, 33(22):3123-3125
[16] 王平贵,高丽,唐宇,等. 大学生乙型肝炎防治知识健康教育效果评价[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(5):517-528.
[17] 杜国平,李伟,许松萍,等. 江苏省大学生不良健康行为及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):711-714.
[18] 杨晓,张振香,张艳,等. 河南省在校大学生的健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2014,31(10):787-790.
[2] 闫修荣,朱慧劼,秦玉玲,等. 大学生乙肝疫苗接种率影响因素分析[J].中国实用医药,2015,10(01):240-242.
[3] ELKE U. WEBER, ANNRENEE BIAISI, NANCY E. BETZ. A Domain-specific risk-attitude scale:measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors[J]. J. Beha. Deci.Mak.,2002,(15): 263-290.
[4] ARROW, K J. Risk Perception in Psychology and Economics[J]. Econ. Inq., 1982, (20):1-9.
[5] 谢晓非,郑蕊.认知与决策领域的中国研究现况分析[J]. 心理科学进展,2003,11(3):281-288.
[6] 刘燕,胡晓江,彭向东.北京市某高校大学生拒绝接种乙肝疫苗行为的质性研究[J]. 医学与社会,2016,29 (04):70-72.
[7] 唐义红, 李艳霞, 王小平. 大学生感染艾滋病的现状及防治对策分析[J]. 中国卫生事业管理,2017,35(06):474-476.
[8] LOLA L. LOPES, GREGG C. ODEN. The role of aspiration level in risky choice: a comparison of cumulative prospect theory and SP/A theory[J]. J.Math. Psy., 1999,(43):286-313.
[9] DOUGLAS M,WILDAVSKY A. Risk and culture[M]. California: University of California Press (Berkeley), 1982:58-70.
[10] 刘彩,刘晗,王晓方. 天津高校大学生乙肝认知及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016, 37(2):274-276.
[11] 何夏婷,马绍斌,范存欣,等. 广州市4所高校大学生乙型肝炎KAP调查[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(3):276-278.
[12] 马彪雄,王宇红,马汉平,等. 兰州地区大学生乙肝疫苗接种率及影响因素分析[J].卫生职业教育,2014,32(3): 126-127.
[13] 高勇强,黎燕宁,滕红艳,等. 南宁市某医学高校大学生乙肝疫苗接种率影响因素分析[J].应用预防医学, 2016,22(5):414-417.
[14] 梅琳. 大学生乙肝疫苗接种率的影响因素分析[J].中国校医,2015,29(10):768-769.
[15] 田嵩浩,徐浩,陈浩德,等. 山西省某高校大学生乙肝疫苗接种情况及其影响因素[J]. 职业与健康,2017, 33(22):3123-3125
[16] 王平贵,高丽,唐宇,等. 大学生乙型肝炎防治知识健康教育效果评价[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(5):517-528.
[17] 杜国平,李伟,许松萍,等. 江苏省大学生不良健康行为及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):711-714.
[18] 杨晓,张振香,张艳,等. 河南省在校大学生的健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2014,31(10):787-790.