超高频射频识别近场系统互耦效应中频率偏移研究
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摘要
在超高频射频识别(UHF RFID)系统近场(NF)密集标签应用中,由于微带标签天线的结构特点,传统线圈间互阻抗表达式在预估系统频率偏移等互耦效应问题方面误差较大,精确性不够。首先,基于变压器模型,从无线电能传输的角度推导了近场密集标签间的互阻抗表达式。然后,结合近场电感耦合型标签,通过建立电磁仿真模型间接获取有关电气参数值。最后,验证推导公式并从影响双标签间互阻抗的环境因素角度去研究UHF RFID近场频率偏移问题。测试结果表明,当标签间距小于30 mm时,推导的互阻抗表达式应用于频率偏移计算误差范围为1.6～7.3 MHz。研究结果为基于标签间互阻抗预估UHF RFID近场标签间的互耦效应问题提供了参考依据。
In Near-Field(NF) applications of Ultra-High-Frequency Radio Frequency IDentification(UHF RFID) systems, due to the structural characteristics of the microstrip tag, the traditional inter-coil mutual impedance expression has a large error in the estimation of the mutual coupling effect such as the frequency shift of the prediction system, and the accuracy is not enough. Firstly, based on the transformer model, the mutual impedance expressions of the NF dense tags are derived from the perspective of radio energy transmission. Then, the electrical parameter values are obtained indirectly by establishing the electromagnetic simulation model combining with the NF inductance coupling tag. Finally, the derivation formula is verified and UHF RFID NF frequency shift is studied from the perspective of environmental factors that affect the mutual impedance between the two tags. The test results show that the derived mutual impedance expression is applied to the frequency offset calculation with error range in 1.6～7.3 MHz when the tags' spacing is less than30 mm. The results provide a reference for studying the mutual coupling effect between UHF RFID NF tags based on the mutual impedance between tags.
In Near-Field(NF) applications of Ultra-High-Frequency Radio Frequency IDentification(UHF RFID) systems, due to the structural characteristics of the microstrip tag, the traditional inter-coil mutual impedance expression has a large error in the estimation of the mutual coupling effect such as the frequency shift of the prediction system, and the accuracy is not enough. Firstly, based on the transformer model, the mutual impedance expressions of the NF dense tags are derived from the perspective of radio energy transmission. Then, the electrical parameter values are obtained indirectly by establishing the electromagnetic simulation model combining with the NF inductance coupling tag. Finally, the derivation formula is verified and UHF RFID NF frequency shift is studied from the perspective of environmental factors that affect the mutual impedance between the two tags. The test results show that the derived mutual impedance expression is applied to the frequency offset calculation with error range in 1.6～7.3 MHz when the tags' spacing is less than30 mm. The results provide a reference for studying the mutual coupling effect between UHF RFID NF tags based on the mutual impedance between tags.
引文
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[12] JIANG Bing, SIMITH J R, PHILIPOSE M, et al. Energy scavenging for inductively coupled passive RFID systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2007, 56(1):118-125. doi:10.1109/TIM.2006.887407.
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[14[彭章友,任秀方,孟春阳,等.UHF RFID密集标签互耦效应的频移特性研究[J].电子测量技术,2015, 38(6):11-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7300.2015.06.004.PENG Zhangyou, REN Xiufang, MENG Chunyang, et al.Study on frequency shift characteristics of mutual coupling between UHF RFID tags in dense environment[J].Electronic Measurement Technology, 2015, 38(6):11-15.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7300.2015.06.004.
[15] HAN Jinsong, QIAN Chen, WANG Xing, et al. Twins:Device-free object tracking using passive tags[J]. IEEE Transactions on Networking, 2016, 24(3):1605-1617. doi:10.1109/INFOCOM.2014.6847970.
[16] CAIZZONE S and MARROCCO G. RFID grids:PartⅡ-experimentations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation, 2011, 59(8):2896-2904. doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2158974.
[17]肖芳鑫,张雪凡,李帅,等.密集布放环境下RFID标签受限链路[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2014(5):624-632. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.05.010.XIAO Fangxin, ZHANG Xuefan, LI Shuai, et al. RFID tags constrained links in a densely distributed environment[J].Journal of Shanghai University(Natural Science), 2014(5):624-632. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.05.010.
[18] BENAMARA M,GRZESKOWIAK M,and LISSORGUES G. Reader antenna including resonators for HF RFID detection[C]. IEEE Antennas&Propagation Conference,Loughborough, UK, 2018. doi:10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807592
[2] NIKITIN P V, RAO K V S, and LAZAR S. An overview of near field UHF RFID[C]. IEEE International Conference on RFID Gaylord Texan Resort, Grapevine, TX, USA, 2007:167-174. doi:10.1109/RFID.2007.346165.
[3] ZHOU Lin, FLORIN H, GUILLAUME V, et al. Simulation framework for performance evaluation of passive RFID tagto-tag communications[C]. 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation(EUCAP), Paris, France, 2017:500-504. doi:10.23919/EuCAP.2017.7928387.
[4] MICHEL A, BUFFI A, NEPA P, et al. Wireless power transfer in UHF RFID printer encoder[C]. International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications(ICEAA), Verona, Italy, 2017:1902-1905. doi:10.1109/ICEAA.2017.8065678.
[5] MICHELZ A, BUFFI A, and MANARA G. Near-field coupling in UHF-RFID printer-encoders[C]. URSIInternational Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory(EMTS), Espoo, Finland, 2016:464-467. doi:10.1109/URSI-EMTS.2016.7571427.
[6]佐磊,何怡刚,李兵,等.标签密集条件下天线互偶效应研究[J].物理学报,2013,62(4):1021-1029. doi:10.7498/a.ps.62.044102.ZUO Lei, HE Yigang, LI Bing, et al. Theory and measurement for mutual coupling effect of ultra high frequency radiofrequency identification in dense environments[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013,62(4):1021-1029. doi:10.7498/aps.62.044102.
[7] LU Feng, CHENG Xiaosheng, and YE T T. Performance analysis of stacked RFID tags[C]. IEEE International Conference on RFID, Orlando, USA, 2009:330-337. doi:10.1109/RFID.2009.4911194.
[8]彭章友,任秀方,孟春阳,等.超高频射频识别小间隔双标签天线增益特性研究研究[J].电子与信息学报,2015, 37(7):1874-1878. doi:10.11999/JEIT141371.PENG Zhangyou, REN Xiufang, MENG Chunyang, et al.Study on gain characteristics of dual ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification tag antennas with small interval[J]. Journal of Electronics h Information, 2015,37(7):1874-1878. doi:10.11999/JEIT141371.
[9]彭章友,孟春阳,任秀方,等.密集布放环境下的标签互阻设计方法[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(6):1304-1309. doi:10.11999/JEIT141340.PENG Zhangyou, MENG Chunyang, REN Xiufang, et al.Design method of tag mutual resistance in dense environment[J]. Journal of Electronics&Information, 2015,37(6):1304-1309. doi:10.11999/JEIT141340.
[10] CHEN Xiaosheng, LU Feng, and YE T T. The"weak spots"in stacked UHF RFID tags in NFC applications[C].IEEE International Conference on RFID, Orlando, USA,2010:181-186. doi:10.1109/RFID.2010.5467262.
[11] YAO Yuan, LIANG Yishan, YU Junsheng, et al.Design of a multipolarized RFID. Reader antenna for UHF near-field applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2017, 65(7):3344-3351. doi:10.1109/TAP.2017.2700873.
[12] JIANG Bing, SIMITH J R, PHILIPOSE M, et al. Energy scavenging for inductively coupled passive RFID systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2007, 56(1):118-125. doi:10.1109/TIM.2006.887407.
[13] HONG J S and LANCASTER M J. Couplings of microstrip square open-loop resonators for cross-coupled planar microwave filters[J]. IEEE Transactions Microwave Theory Techniques, 1996, 44(12):2099-2109. doi:10.1109/22.543968.
[14[彭章友,任秀方,孟春阳,等.UHF RFID密集标签互耦效应的频移特性研究[J].电子测量技术,2015, 38(6):11-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7300.2015.06.004.PENG Zhangyou, REN Xiufang, MENG Chunyang, et al.Study on frequency shift characteristics of mutual coupling between UHF RFID tags in dense environment[J].Electronic Measurement Technology, 2015, 38(6):11-15.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7300.2015.06.004.
[15] HAN Jinsong, QIAN Chen, WANG Xing, et al. Twins:Device-free object tracking using passive tags[J]. IEEE Transactions on Networking, 2016, 24(3):1605-1617. doi:10.1109/INFOCOM.2014.6847970.
[16] CAIZZONE S and MARROCCO G. RFID grids:PartⅡ-experimentations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation, 2011, 59(8):2896-2904. doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2158974.
[17]肖芳鑫,张雪凡,李帅,等.密集布放环境下RFID标签受限链路[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2014(5):624-632. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.05.010.XIAO Fangxin, ZHANG Xuefan, LI Shuai, et al. RFID tags constrained links in a densely distributed environment[J].Journal of Shanghai University(Natural Science), 2014(5):624-632. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.05.010.
[18] BENAMARA M,GRZESKOWIAK M,and LISSORGUES G. Reader antenna including resonators for HF RFID detection[C]. IEEE Antennas&Propagation Conference,Loughborough, UK, 2018. doi:10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807592