核设施放射性废水实时监测装置的研制
|
摘要
设计研制了一套放射性废水实时监测装置,可实时监测核设施排放废水中的放射性核素的种类和浓度。该装置的探测器使用HPGe半导体,通过泵抽取核设施所排放的废水从而实现连续的测量。实验结果表明,该装置对废水测量10min,~(137)Cs的最小可探测活度达0. 4 Bq/L,可快速有效监测到废水中放射性超标事件并给出报警信号。通过实验测量和蒙特卡罗(MC)模拟计算,对该装置的探测效率进行校准,给出了能量范围为50～2 754 keV的探测效率曲线。
An real-time monitoring system for radioactive wastewater was designed to discriminate the type and concentration of the radionuclides discharged from nuclear facilities. An HPGe semiconductor was used as the detector in the system for continuous monitoring by pumping wastewater. The minimum detectable activity for ~(137) Cs was 0. 4 Bq/L after 10 min of measuring wastewater with the system. The system can detect excessive radioactivity in the wastewater and quickly and effectively alert personnel. Based on the experimental measurements and the Monte Carlo simulation,the detection efficiency of the system was calibrated,and an efficiency curve was determined for the energy range from 50 to 2754 keV.
An real-time monitoring system for radioactive wastewater was designed to discriminate the type and concentration of the radionuclides discharged from nuclear facilities. An HPGe semiconductor was used as the detector in the system for continuous monitoring by pumping wastewater. The minimum detectable activity for ~(137) Cs was 0. 4 Bq/L after 10 min of measuring wastewater with the system. The system can detect excessive radioactivity in the wastewater and quickly and effectively alert personnel. Based on the experimental measurements and the Monte Carlo simulation,the detection efficiency of the system was calibrated,and an efficiency curve was determined for the energy range from 50 to 2754 keV.
引文
苏健,曾志,何建华,等.2014.用于海水放射性监测的船载装置的研制[J].核电子学与探测技术,34(7):878-882.
魏周政,杨镜明,陈晓东,等.2017.新疆伊犁盆地北缘煤炭重点开发区天然放射性水平评价[J].东华理工大学学报:自然科学版,40(3):275-278.
徐振魁.1995.低浓度放射性废水的连续监测[J].核电子学与探测技术,15(4):205-213.
曾志,苏建,衣宏昌,等.2013.海水放射性监测装置研制及初步测试结果[J].辐射防护,33(1):46-49.
Aage H K.2006.Carborne gamma-ray spectrometry:Calibration and applications[J].Appl Radiat Isot,64(9):948-956.
Androulakaki E G,Kokkoris M,Tsabaris C,et al.2016.In situ gamma-ray spctrometry in the marine environment using full spectrum analysis for natural radionuclides[J].Appl Radiat Isot,114(4):76-86.
Buesseler K,Aoyama M,Fukasawa M.2011.Impacts of the Fukushima nuclear power plants on marine radioactivity[J].Environ Sci Technol,45(8):931-935.
Casanovas R,Morant J J,Salvado M.2013.Implementation of gammaray spectrometry in two real-time water monitors using Na I(Tl)scintillation detectors[J].Appl Radiat Isot,80(5):49-55.
Eleftheriou G,Tsabaris C,Androulakaki E G,et al.2013.Radioctivity measurements in the aquatic environment using in-stu and laboratory gamma-ray spectrometry[J].Appl Radiat Isot,82(6):268-278.
Tsabaris C.2008.Monitoring natrual and artificial radioactivity enhancement in the Aegean Sea using floating measuring system[J].Appl Radiat Isot,66(2):1599-1603.
Tsuyoshi K,Satoru E,Nguyen T T.2015.Calculation of coincidence summing in gamma-ray spectrometry with the EGS5 code[J].Appl Radiat Isot,95(2):53-58.
魏周政,杨镜明,陈晓东,等.2017.新疆伊犁盆地北缘煤炭重点开发区天然放射性水平评价[J].东华理工大学学报:自然科学版,40(3):275-278.
徐振魁.1995.低浓度放射性废水的连续监测[J].核电子学与探测技术,15(4):205-213.
曾志,苏建,衣宏昌,等.2013.海水放射性监测装置研制及初步测试结果[J].辐射防护,33(1):46-49.
Aage H K.2006.Carborne gamma-ray spectrometry:Calibration and applications[J].Appl Radiat Isot,64(9):948-956.
Androulakaki E G,Kokkoris M,Tsabaris C,et al.2016.In situ gamma-ray spctrometry in the marine environment using full spectrum analysis for natural radionuclides[J].Appl Radiat Isot,114(4):76-86.
Buesseler K,Aoyama M,Fukasawa M.2011.Impacts of the Fukushima nuclear power plants on marine radioactivity[J].Environ Sci Technol,45(8):931-935.
Casanovas R,Morant J J,Salvado M.2013.Implementation of gammaray spectrometry in two real-time water monitors using Na I(Tl)scintillation detectors[J].Appl Radiat Isot,80(5):49-55.
Eleftheriou G,Tsabaris C,Androulakaki E G,et al.2013.Radioctivity measurements in the aquatic environment using in-stu and laboratory gamma-ray spectrometry[J].Appl Radiat Isot,82(6):268-278.
Tsabaris C.2008.Monitoring natrual and artificial radioactivity enhancement in the Aegean Sea using floating measuring system[J].Appl Radiat Isot,66(2):1599-1603.
Tsuyoshi K,Satoru E,Nguyen T T.2015.Calculation of coincidence summing in gamma-ray spectrometry with the EGS5 code[J].Appl Radiat Isot,95(2):53-58.