不同光照条件下杜鹃红山茶幼苗的生长效应及抗氧化生理响应
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摘要
以两年生杜鹃红山茶(Camelliaazalea)扦插苗为材料,研究遮光率分别为0、30%、50%、80%条件下其生长发育和生理指标的变化,以分析光照强度对杜鹃红山茶生长发育和相关生理指标的影响,为合理栽培及提高品系抗性提供参考。结果表明:随遮光率的增加,杜鹃红山茶的苗高、地径、冠幅、分枝数、成活率、根部干质量、茎部干质量、叶片干质量、总干质量均有一定程度的增加,且均在50%遮光条件下处于最高水平。随着遮光强度的增加,叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均表现出先降低后上升的趋势,且均在50%遮光条件下处于最低水平;叶片中游离氨基酸含量表现出逐渐下降的趋势。因此,适度的遮光处理有助于杜鹃红山茶幼苗的生长,50%遮光条件下杜鹃红山茶幼苗栽植效果最佳。
To provide references for rational cultivation and improvement of resistance of strains,the growth and physiological characteristics of two-year-old Camellia azalea at 0,30%,50% and 80% shading levels were investigated.The relationships between light intensities and growth and physiological characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that with increasing shading rate,the plant height,ground diameter,crown width,branch number,survival rate,root dry weight,stem dry weight,leaf dry weight and total dry weight of C.azalea increased to a certain extent,with all of them being at the highest level under the 50% shading condition.With the increasing shading intensity,the MDA content,and SOD and POD activities in leaves decreased,then increased,and finally reached the lowest level under the50% shading condition.However,the content of free amino acids in leaves trended to decrease gradually.Therefore,moderate shading treatment helped the growth of C.azalea seedlings,with 50% shading as the best planting effect.
To provide references for rational cultivation and improvement of resistance of strains,the growth and physiological characteristics of two-year-old Camellia azalea at 0,30%,50% and 80% shading levels were investigated.The relationships between light intensities and growth and physiological characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that with increasing shading rate,the plant height,ground diameter,crown width,branch number,survival rate,root dry weight,stem dry weight,leaf dry weight and total dry weight of C.azalea increased to a certain extent,with all of them being at the highest level under the 50% shading condition.With the increasing shading intensity,the MDA content,and SOD and POD activities in leaves decreased,then increased,and finally reached the lowest level under the50% shading condition.However,the content of free amino acids in leaves trended to decrease gradually.Therefore,moderate shading treatment helped the growth of C.azalea seedlings,with 50% shading as the best planting effect.
引文
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[32]Mittler R.Oxidative stress,antioxidants and stress tolerance[J].Trends in Plant Science,2002,7(9):405-410.
[33]Alscher R G,Donahue J L,Cramer C L.Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants:Relationships in green cells[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,100(2):224-233.
[34]秦健,刘洋,方升佐,等.光质和光强对青钱柳生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):13-18.
[2]李辛雷,孙振元,李纪元,等.广东鹅凰嶂自然保护区杜鹃红山茶种群结构与空间分布格局[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2115-2121.
[3]李先民,蒋月喜,李春牛,等.杜鹃红山茶无土栽培基质的筛选[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(20):147-151.
[4]李辛雷,孙振元,李纪元,等.杜鹃红山茶花芽分化及其代谢产物的变化[J].林业科学,2012,48(8):81-86.
[5]李辛雷.杜鹃红山茶遗传多样性及其濒危机制[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2012.
[6]蔡静如,庄雪影,杨跃生,等.杜鹃红山茶离体快速繁殖[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(9):1469-1473.
[7]赵鸿杰,薛克娜,张学平,等.不同肥力基质条件下张氏红山茶扦插苗的生长和光合生理特性[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(9):40-41.
[8]徐颖.山茶属植物个体内r DNA多态性及杜鹃红山茶的空间遗传结构[D].上海:复旦大学,2012.
[9]徐斌,彭莉霞,杨会肖,等.杜鹃红山茶叶片主要性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物研究,2015,35(5):730-734.
[10]王霜,王仲朗,梁静,等.濒危植物杜鹃红山茶的细胞学研究[J].云南植物研究,2007,29(6):655-658.
[11]罗晓莹,唐光大,莫罗坚,等.杜鹃红山茶的传粉生物学[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(3):552-557.
[12]朱高浦,李纪元.珍稀濒危植物张氏红山茶研究进展(综述)[J].亚热带植物科学,2009,38(3):83-89.
[13]柴胜丰,韦霄,史艳财,等.强光胁迫对濒危植物金花茶幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物研究,2012,32(2):159-164.
[14]陈菊艳,杨远庆.遮光对野扇花生长特性和生理指标的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(8):1646-1652.
[15]刘玉玲,刘信凯,谌光晖,等.杜鹃红山茶与3个山茶栽培光合日变化特性研究[J].广东林业科技术,2011,27(1):17-22.
[16]刘红晓,袁莲莲,刘楠,等.杜鹃红山茶的扦插苗、嫁接苗和砧木的光合作用特征[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(6):996-1000.
[17]张方秋,杨会肖,徐斌,等.杜鹃红山茶的光响应特性及其最适模型筛选[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(10):1599-1603.
[18]李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[19]陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学试验指导[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006.
[20]杨虎彪,刘国道.不同光照强度对幼龄期鹧鸪茶生长的影响[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(11):2056-2059.
[21]王艺,韦小丽.不同光照对植物生长、生理生化和形态结构影响的研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(4):353-359.
[22]李金鹏,赵和祥,董然,等.光照强度对两种彩叶玉簪生长及光合特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(4):57-61.
[23]迟伟,王荣富.遮光条件下的草莓光合生理特性[J].江苏农业学报,2001,17(1):62-63.
[24]刘贤赵,康绍忠,邵明安,等.土壤水分与遮荫水平对棉花叶片光全特性的影响研究[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(3):377-381.
[25]易干军,姜小文,霍合强,等.琯溪蜜柚光合特性的研究[J].园艺学报,2003,30(5):519-524.
[26]He S,Liu G,Yang H.Water use efficiency by alfalfa:Mechanisms involving anti-oxidation and osmotic adjustment under drought[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2012,59(3):348-355.
[27]周曙光,孔祥生,张妙霞,等.遮光对牡丹光合及其他生理生化特性的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(2):56-60.
[28]Mccord J M.The evolution of free radicals and oxidative stress[J].American Journal of Medicine,2000,108(8):652-659.
[29]谭勇,梁宗锁,王渭玲,等.氮、磷、钾营养对膜荚黄芪幼苗根系活力和游离氨基酸含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(3):478-483.
[30]Smirnoff N.Plant resistance to environmental stress[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,1998,9(2):214-219.
[31]张冠初,张智猛,慈敦伟,等.干旱和盐胁迫对花生渗透调节和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(3):176-181.
[32]Mittler R.Oxidative stress,antioxidants and stress tolerance[J].Trends in Plant Science,2002,7(9):405-410.
[33]Alscher R G,Donahue J L,Cramer C L.Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants:Relationships in green cells[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,100(2):224-233.
[34]秦健,刘洋,方升佐,等.光质和光强对青钱柳生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):13-18.