上海市中学教职员工烟草危害认知及影响因素
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摘要
目的了解上海市中学教职工对烟草危害的认知现况并分析影响因素,为制定针对性的学校控烟措施提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样法抽取上海市30所中学,通过网络下发问卷方式调查3007名教职员工的吸烟及对烟草危害认知的情况。结果上海市中学教职工总吸烟率为8.25%;教职工对吸烟和二手烟危害认知的完全正确率分别只有19.72%和23.74%,对于烟草引起的中风、骨质疏松、心脏病等认知正确率均低于50%,性别、教育程度、吸烟行为、是否参加培训与烟草危害认知水平有关联。Logistic回归分析发现,接受过培训者的吸烟危害知识得分高于未接受过培训者(P<0.01)。结论上海市中学教职工的吸烟状况总体呈改善趋势,但对烟草危害认知不平衡;有吸烟行为、男性以及受教育水平相对较低的教职工是学校控烟宣传教育的重点人群。
Objective To understand current situation of the awareness of tobacco hazards among middle school personnel in Shanghai and to explore its influencing factors,and to provide reference for making targeted measures to control tobacco hazards in schools.Methods A total of 30 middle schools in Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling method.The questionnaires were used to investigate the smoking prevalence and tobacco hazard awareness of 3007 faculty members.Results The total smoking rate of school personnel in Shanghai was 8.25%; the complete correct rate on the harm of smoking and second-hand smoke was only 19.72% and 23.74%, respectively.The correct awareness rate of harm caused by tobacco, such as stroke, osteoporosis and heart disease, was less than 50%.Gender, education level, smoking behavior and tobacco control training were related with tobacco hazards perception level.Conclusion The smoking rate among middle school personnel in Shanghai has been generally improved,but the faculty and staff have an unbalanced understanding of tobacco hazards.The school's tobacco control education should be targeted.Smoking, men and personnel with relatively low education levels are the key groups in school tobacco control education.
Objective To understand current situation of the awareness of tobacco hazards among middle school personnel in Shanghai and to explore its influencing factors,and to provide reference for making targeted measures to control tobacco hazards in schools.Methods A total of 30 middle schools in Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling method.The questionnaires were used to investigate the smoking prevalence and tobacco hazard awareness of 3007 faculty members.Results The total smoking rate of school personnel in Shanghai was 8.25%; the complete correct rate on the harm of smoking and second-hand smoke was only 19.72% and 23.74%, respectively.The correct awareness rate of harm caused by tobacco, such as stroke, osteoporosis and heart disease, was less than 50%.Gender, education level, smoking behavior and tobacco control training were related with tobacco hazards perception level.Conclusion The smoking rate among middle school personnel in Shanghai has been generally improved,but the faculty and staff have an unbalanced understanding of tobacco hazards.The school's tobacco control education should be targeted.Smoking, men and personnel with relatively low education levels are the key groups in school tobacco control education.
引文
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[18]许桂华,邹小农,李媛秋,等.无烟校园活动对学校教师控烟知识和行为影响[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(8):1069-1072.
[2]HABIB E,SHIRAZ A S,NASERI-KOUZEHGARANI G,et.The determinants of high school students smoking habits with special focus on teachers smoking in Iran:a population based study[J].Pneumologia,2012,61(1):28-33.
[3]肖琳,冯国泽,姜垣,等.中国初中学生烟草使用及其影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(5):567-571.
[4]GAGALAKSHMI V,KANIMOZHI C V,SINHA P N,et al.Global school personnel survey among 5200 school personnel in India:comparison of the results for the years 2009 and 2006[J].Asian Pac JCanc Prev,2012,13(2):539-543.
[5]中国疾病预防控制中心.2015年中国成人烟草调查报告[R].北京,2015.
[6]朱静芬,何亚平,李娜.上海市中学教职员工吸烟现状及学校控烟环境分析[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2012,32(7);857-860.
[7]冯国泽,姜垣,李新华,等.中国教师吸烟相关知识、态度和行为[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2009,17(3):228-230.
[8]熊静帆,谢尉,刘小立,等.深圳市中学教师吸烟相关知识态度行为分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(9):1319-1321,1325.
[9]高仙,张世伟,李玉红,等.北京市西城区教师吸烟现况及知识态度分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(11):1290-1292.
[10]周煜光,马如林,段晓娟.银川市2010年控烟重点人群吸烟状况及控烟态度调查[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2013,35(5):553-555.
[11]吴青青,徐越,徐水洋,等.浙江省部分教师吸烟行为及控烟知识现状调查[J].浙江预防医学,2009,21(6):3-6.
[12]钱运梁,李玉青,刘秀荣.北京市部分地区教师和医生吸烟行为及影响因素调查[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(2):95-99.
[13]李飞,王鑫,董海原.山西省医生、教师和公务员3类人群吸烟状况调查[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(9):846-850,859.
[14]杨华凤,孙燕群,陈旭鹏,等.南京市中小学教职工吸烟相关知识态度和行为[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):391-393.
[15]AGAKU I T,FILIPPIDIS F T.Prevalence,determinants and impact of unawareness about the health consequences of tobacco use among 17929 school personnel in 29 African countries[J].BMJ Open,2014,4(8):e005837.
[16]ESCARIO J J,WILKINSON A V.Visibility of smoking among schoolteachers in Spain and associations with student smoking:a cross-sectional study[J].BMJ Open,2018,8(1):e018736.
[17]NIKAJ S,CHALOUPKA F.School personnel smoking,school-level policies,and adolescent smoking in low-and middle-income countries[J].Tob Control,2016,25(6):664-670.
[18]许桂华,邹小农,李媛秋,等.无烟校园活动对学校教师控烟知识和行为影响[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(8):1069-1072.