表面处理对剑麻纤维/PE复合材料的影响
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摘要
为改善剑麻纤维/PE复合材料的性能,对剑麻纤维分别进行了碱处理、热处理及硅烷偶联剂处理,使用双螺杆挤出机制备了剑麻纤维质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%的剑麻纤维/PE复合材料,并对复合材料的拉伸、弯曲、冲击性能以及吸湿性进行了分析。结果表明,经硅烷处理、剑麻纤维质量分数为30%的复合材料的拉伸强度和杨氏模量相比纤维含量相同但未经处理的复合材料分别提高了18%和32%;经碱处理后,剑麻纤维含量相同的复合材料的弯曲强度提高了37%;经过表面处理后,复合材料的冲击强度都有不同程度的降低。此外,随着剑麻纤维含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、杨氏模量得到提高,冲击强度和断裂延伸率则有所降低。经表面处理的复合材料的吸水率与未经处理的复合材料相比明显降低。
In this work,sisal fibers are treated by alkali treatment,heat treatment and silane treatment respectively in order to enhance the interfacial adhesion of the sisal fiber/polyethylene composite for mechanical properties improvement. Sisal fiber/polyethylene composites are prepared at fiber content of 10,20,30 wt% by using twin screw extrudes equipment,and then their properties including tensile,flexural,impact strength and moist-proof ability are examined. The results show that the tensile strength and Young's modulus of composites( with content of 30% sisal fiber) treated with silane increase by 18% and 32% respectively. While the alkali treated fiber( with content of 30%) reinforced composites perform 37% increase in flexural strength. However,the impact strength of treated composites presents a decreasing trend. In addition,with increasing fiber content,tensile strength,flexural strength and modulus of the composites increase but impact strength and elongation at break decrease. Water absorption study of the composites show that it is less for all the treated fiber reinforced composites comparing to the untreated one.
In this work,sisal fibers are treated by alkali treatment,heat treatment and silane treatment respectively in order to enhance the interfacial adhesion of the sisal fiber/polyethylene composite for mechanical properties improvement. Sisal fiber/polyethylene composites are prepared at fiber content of 10,20,30 wt% by using twin screw extrudes equipment,and then their properties including tensile,flexural,impact strength and moist-proof ability are examined. The results show that the tensile strength and Young's modulus of composites( with content of 30% sisal fiber) treated with silane increase by 18% and 32% respectively. While the alkali treated fiber( with content of 30%) reinforced composites perform 37% increase in flexural strength. However,the impact strength of treated composites presents a decreasing trend. In addition,with increasing fiber content,tensile strength,flexural strength and modulus of the composites increase but impact strength and elongation at break decrease. Water absorption study of the composites show that it is less for all the treated fiber reinforced composites comparing to the untreated one.
引文
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[2]何录菊,邵先亦.表面改性对三种天然纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料拉伸性能的对比研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(25):38-43.
[3]MATTIJN L M,BROEREN N C,MARTIN K,et al.Life Cycle Assessment of Sisal Fibre–Exploring How Local Practices Can Influence Environmental Performance[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,149(4):818-827.
[4]PRAKSH K,CHANTARA T R,SIVEKUMAR M.Enhancements in Crystallinity,Thermal Stability,Tensile Modulus and Strength of Sisal Fibres and Their PP Composites Induced by the Synergistic Effects of Alkali and High Intensity Ultrasound(HIU)Treatments[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2017,4(1):729-742.
[5]ZHAO X F,ROBERT K Y,BAI S L.Mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites:Effect of Fiber Content,Interfacial Compatibilization,and Manufacturing Process[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2014,65(11):169-174.
[6]ZHOU F,CHEN G X,JIANG B.Effect of Silane Treatment on Microstructure of Sisal Fibers[J].Applied Surface Science,2014,292(2):806-812.
[7]AHSA K K,JOSE C,ROHITH K.R,et al.Sisal Nanofibril Reinforced Polypropylene/polystyrene Blends:Morphology,Mechanical,Dynamic Mechanical and Water Transmission Studies[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2015,71(9):173-184.
[8]SHANMUGAM D,THIRUCHITRAMBALAM M.Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Alkali Treated Unidirectional Continuous Palmyra Palm Leaf Stalk Fiber/jute Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polyester Composites[J].Materials&Design,2013,50(9):533-542.
[9]GUNTI R,ATLURI V,RATNA P.Tensile Properties of Successive Alkali Treated Short Jute fiber Reinforced PLA Composites[J].Procedia Materials Science,2014(5):2188-2196.
[10]ZHU J,ZHU H,IMMONEN K,et al.Improving Mechanical Properties of Novel Flax/tannin Composites through Different Chemical Treatments[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2015,67(5):346-354.
[11]MAHJOUB R,MOHAMAD J,YATIM A,et al.Tensile Properties of Kenaf Fiber due to Various Conditions of Chemical FiberSurfaceModifications[J].ConstructionandBuildingMaterials,2014,55(3):103-113.
[12]MOHA T P,KANNY K.Chemical Treatment of Sisal Fiber using Alkali and Clay Method[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2012,43(7):1989-1998.
[13]蔡大勇,李东春.纤维含量对C/C复合材料力学性能的影响[J].炭素技术,2001,1(1):16-18.
[14]牛磊,黄英,张银玲.高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料的研究进展[J].材料开发与应用,2012,27(3):86-91.
[15]ASUMANI O M L,REID R G,PASKARAMOORTHY R.The Effects of Alkali–silane Treatment on the Tensile and Flexural Properties of Short Fibre Non-woven Kenaf Reinforced Polypropylene Composites[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2012,43(9):1431-1440.