5种灵芝菌株的农艺性状、活性成分和功效分析
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摘要
【目的】研究分析5个灵芝菌株的农艺性状、干产量及转化率、活性成分含量和功效差异,筛选高产高功效菌株。【方法】测量不同灵芝菌株的农艺性状,以热水浸提醇沉获得灵芝水提液,分别测定不同灵芝子实体内多糖和三萜类化合物含量,同时测定水提液对DPPH、羟自由基和超氧自由基的清除率,并分析不同浓度多糖的灵芝提取物对脾细胞的增殖作用。【结果】圆芝8号(YZ8)和黄灵芝(HLZ)的子实体农艺性状表现较好,转化率较高。HLZ的多糖和三萜化合物含量最高,YZ8却最低。5个灵芝子实体的DPPH清除能力都很强,HLZ的羟自由基清除能力最强,灵白(LB)的最低,5个灵芝菌株的超氧自由基清除能力差异不显著。在对脾细胞的增殖作用上,HLZ的水提液对脾细胞的增殖能力最强,金地灵芝(JD)的最低。【结论】HLZ子实体农艺性状较好、转化率较高、综合抗氧化作用最好、对脾细胞的增殖作用最强,因此,非常适合作为主栽品种进行推广,为开发灵芝天然高活性抗氧化剂提供优质原料。
【Objective】The agronomic characters,dry yield,conversion rate,active component content and efficacy of five strains of Ganoderma lucidum were studied and analyzed,and high yield and high efficiency strains were screened.【Method】The content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in different Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies was determined. The scavenging rates of DPPH,hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical were also determined. The Proliferationeffect of different concentrations of polysaccharides on spleen cells was also analyzed.【Result】YZ8 and HLZ had better agronomic traits and higher transformation rate.HLZ has the highest content of polysaccharides and three terpenes,while YZ8 has the lowest content. The DPPH scavenging ability of the five Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies was very strong,the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of HLZ was the strongest,and LB was the lowest. The superoxide radical scavenging ability of the five Ganoderma lucidum strains was similar,and the difference was not significant.In the proliferation of spleen cells,HLZ water extract had the strongest proliferation ability,and JD was the lowest.【Conclusion】HLZ fruiting body has better agronomic characters,higher transformation rate,the best comprehensive antioxidant effect,and the strongest proliferation effect on spleen cells. Therefore,it is very suitable to be used as the main cultivar to promote. It could provide high-quality raw materials for the development of Ganoderma lucidum natural antioxidants with high activity.
【Objective】The agronomic characters,dry yield,conversion rate,active component content and efficacy of five strains of Ganoderma lucidum were studied and analyzed,and high yield and high efficiency strains were screened.【Method】The content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in different Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies was determined. The scavenging rates of DPPH,hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical were also determined. The Proliferationeffect of different concentrations of polysaccharides on spleen cells was also analyzed.【Result】YZ8 and HLZ had better agronomic traits and higher transformation rate.HLZ has the highest content of polysaccharides and three terpenes,while YZ8 has the lowest content. The DPPH scavenging ability of the five Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies was very strong,the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of HLZ was the strongest,and LB was the lowest. The superoxide radical scavenging ability of the five Ganoderma lucidum strains was similar,and the difference was not significant.In the proliferation of spleen cells,HLZ water extract had the strongest proliferation ability,and JD was the lowest.【Conclusion】HLZ fruiting body has better agronomic characters,higher transformation rate,the best comprehensive antioxidant effect,and the strongest proliferation effect on spleen cells. Therefore,it is very suitable to be used as the main cultivar to promote. It could provide high-quality raw materials for the development of Ganoderma lucidum natural antioxidants with high activity.
引文
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[18]齐川,周慧,斯金平,等.不同品种灵芝主要活性成分分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012, 18(17):96-100.
[19]付立忠,吴学谦,李明焱,等.灵芝品种子实体多糖和三萜含量分析与评价[J].中国食用菌,2009, 28(4):38-40.
[20] PAN K, JIANG Q, LIU G, et al. Optimization extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its immunity and antioxidant activities[J]. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2013, 55(2):301-306.
[21] TIE L, YANG H Q, AN Y, et al. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide accelerates refractory wound healing by inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes[J]. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2012, 29(3/4):583-594.
[22] JIA J, ZHANG X, HU YS, et al. Evaluation of in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in STZ-diabetic rats[J]. Food Chemistry, 2009, 115(1):32-36.
[23]聂健,杨水莲,莫美华,等.7种不同来源灵芝热水提物体外抗氧化活性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2016, 44(18):134-136.
[24]曹正,凡军民,谢春芹,等.不同灵芝菌株功能性成分含量及其抗氧化活性比较[J].江苏农业科学,2016, 44(9):281-283.
[25]杨德,周明,程薇,等.灵芝多糖提取纯化及抗氧化研究[J].湖北农业科学,2010, 49(11):2883-2886.
[26]张志军,李淑芳,魏雪生.灵芝多糖清除自由基活性的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2012, 33(3):167-170.
[27]董扬,郝利民,刘宇琪,等.不同破壁方法对灵芝孢子粗多糖抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2017, 38(17):101-106.
[28]王明周,王陈超,付婉,等.中药成分对口蹄疫灭活苗免疫小鼠的脾脏指数淋巴细胞增殖及血清抗体水平的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2015, 51(8):51-53.
[29]邹佳妤,石广亮,姜晓文,等.赤灵芝多糖对机体抗氧化作用及免疫功能的影响研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2016, 35(2):52-56.
[30]丁佩娥,雷林生,周桂保,等.灵芝醇提物对小鼠免疫功能影响的初步研究[J].中药材,2011, 34(2):259-262.
[2] LIN Z,ZHANG H. Anti-tumor and immunoregulatory activities of G anoderma lucidum and its possible mechanisms[J]. Acta PharmacologicaSinica, 2004, 25(11):1387-1395.
[3]陈玉胜,陈全战.灵芝多糖对CC14诱导的急性肝损伤小鼠的抗炎和保肝活性[J].食品科学,2017, 38(17):210-215.
[4]温以斌,王洪林,李冠喜,等.优良灵芝菌株的筛选及其栽培配方优化[J].上海农业学报,2016, 32(5):105-108.
[5]赵明文,王晨光,鲍鹏,等.不同灵芝菌丝体中三萜与多糖含量的比较[J].中国食用菌,2003, 22(2):43-45.
[6]张志军,刘建华,李淑芳,等.灵芝多糖含量的苯酚硫酸法检测研究[J].食品工业科技,2006(2):193-195.
[7]王江海,袁建平,徐世平,等.薄层色谱-光度法测定灵芝孢子油中的总三萜含量[J].中国食品学报,2004, 4(3):79-82.
[8]陈从瑾,黄克瀛,李德良,等.香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基能力的测定方法[J].林产化学与工业,2006, 26(3):69-72.
[9]汪河滨,白红进,王金磊,等.黑果枸杞色素清除自由基活性的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2006, 27(11):8-10.
[10]杨玲,汪河滨,罗锋.甘草多糖清除自由基活性的研究[J].塔里木大学学报,2007, 19(1):1-3.
[11]张志军,李淑芳,魏雪生,等.灵芝多糖体外抗氧化活性的研究[J].化学与生物工程,2011, 28(3):63-65.
[12]陈璐,罗霞,曾谨,等.不同灵芝类群药效的特异性研究[J].中国食用菌,2007, 26(6):40-43.
[13]林兴生,李开本,陈体强,等.11个灵芝菌株的栽培性状和酯酶同工酶研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2001, 23(1):80-84.
[14]王庆武,兰玉菲,安秀荣,等.灵芝品种对比试验[J].食用菌,2010(5):25-27.
[15] CHEN TQ, WU YB, WU JG, et al. Efficient extraction technology of antioxidant crude polysaccharides from Ganode rma lucidum(Lingzhi), ultrasonic-circulating extraction integrating with superfine-pulverization[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2014, 45(1):57-62.
[16]金鑫,李文治,何文江,等.不同灵芝菌株的农艺性状和药效成分特异性研究[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(4):19-23.
[17]周连玉陈圆华.不同灵芝子实体产量与子实体多糖含量的比较[J].长沙大学学报,2009, 23(2):18-19.
[18]齐川,周慧,斯金平,等.不同品种灵芝主要活性成分分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012, 18(17):96-100.
[19]付立忠,吴学谦,李明焱,等.灵芝品种子实体多糖和三萜含量分析与评价[J].中国食用菌,2009, 28(4):38-40.
[20] PAN K, JIANG Q, LIU G, et al. Optimization extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its immunity and antioxidant activities[J]. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2013, 55(2):301-306.
[21] TIE L, YANG H Q, AN Y, et al. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide accelerates refractory wound healing by inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes[J]. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2012, 29(3/4):583-594.
[22] JIA J, ZHANG X, HU YS, et al. Evaluation of in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in STZ-diabetic rats[J]. Food Chemistry, 2009, 115(1):32-36.
[23]聂健,杨水莲,莫美华,等.7种不同来源灵芝热水提物体外抗氧化活性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2016, 44(18):134-136.
[24]曹正,凡军民,谢春芹,等.不同灵芝菌株功能性成分含量及其抗氧化活性比较[J].江苏农业科学,2016, 44(9):281-283.
[25]杨德,周明,程薇,等.灵芝多糖提取纯化及抗氧化研究[J].湖北农业科学,2010, 49(11):2883-2886.
[26]张志军,李淑芳,魏雪生.灵芝多糖清除自由基活性的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2012, 33(3):167-170.
[27]董扬,郝利民,刘宇琪,等.不同破壁方法对灵芝孢子粗多糖抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2017, 38(17):101-106.
[28]王明周,王陈超,付婉,等.中药成分对口蹄疫灭活苗免疫小鼠的脾脏指数淋巴细胞增殖及血清抗体水平的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2015, 51(8):51-53.
[29]邹佳妤,石广亮,姜晓文,等.赤灵芝多糖对机体抗氧化作用及免疫功能的影响研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2016, 35(2):52-56.
[30]丁佩娥,雷林生,周桂保,等.灵芝醇提物对小鼠免疫功能影响的初步研究[J].中药材,2011, 34(2):259-262.