麻哈鱼掺假鉴定及制度防范措施和建议
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摘要
目的建立麻哈鱼掺假感官识别方法及DNA序列储备库,并提出掺假行为在制度上的防范措施和建议。方法制作麻哈鱼简略检索表,对麻哈鱼整条鱼进行形态对比,并对常见麻哈鱼产品进行感官对比。同时按照设定的对应引物和检测方法,列出主要麻哈鱼DNA序列,针对可能发生掺杂施假的麻哈鱼实施DNA检测,可以将得到的序列与建立的基因库序列进行比对。结果感官鉴定并不能单独准确判定麻哈鱼是否掺假,需要结合DNA检测方法,实现快速鉴定。结论该方法可以快速对麻哈鱼进行感官及DNA掺假鉴定,为麻哈鱼检验提供理论依据,促进麻哈鱼加工业的健康发展。
Objective To establish a method for adulteration identification of salmon and establish the DNA sequence reserve database,and raise the preventive measures and suggestions on adulterated behavior.Methods The brief identification key of salmon was made.The features and different stages of common salmons were compared,and common salmon products were sensory compared.Meanwhile according to the corresponding primers and detection method,the DNA sequence reserve database was established.Aiming at possibly adulteration of salmons,the DNA determination was implemented,and the sequence obtained and the sequence in gene pool was compared.Results Sensory identification could not be used to determine whether salmon was adulterated or not.It was necessary to combine DNA detection method to realize rapid identification.Conclusion This method can quickly identify the sensory and DNA adulteration of salmon,provide theoretical basis for the inspection of salmon,and promote the healthy development of salmon processing industry.
Objective To establish a method for adulteration identification of salmon and establish the DNA sequence reserve database,and raise the preventive measures and suggestions on adulterated behavior.Methods The brief identification key of salmon was made.The features and different stages of common salmons were compared,and common salmon products were sensory compared.Meanwhile according to the corresponding primers and detection method,the DNA sequence reserve database was established.Aiming at possibly adulteration of salmons,the DNA determination was implemented,and the sequence obtained and the sequence in gene pool was compared.Results Sensory identification could not be used to determine whether salmon was adulterated or not.It was necessary to combine DNA detection method to realize rapid identification.Conclusion This method can quickly identify the sensory and DNA adulteration of salmon,provide theoretical basis for the inspection of salmon,and promote the healthy development of salmon processing industry.
引文
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[19]巴西首次对我国水产品生产企业进行检查[NB/OL].[2016-10-11].http://www.cqn.com.cn/zj/content/2016-10/11/content_3477500.htm Brazil has for the first time inspected Chinese aquatic product manufacturers[NB/OL].[2016-10-11].http://www.cqn.com.cn/zj/content/2016-10/11/content_3477500.htm
[2]Marko PB,Lee SC,Rice AM,et al.Mislabelling of a depleted reef fish[J].Nature,2004,430:309-310.
[3]李新光,赵峰,马丽萍,等.基于SYBR-Green熔解曲线快速鉴别挪威三文鱼及其制品的方法[J].中国食品学报,2014,14(3):170-176.Li XG,Zhao F,Ma LP,et al.The method of quickly identifying Norwegian salmon and its products basing on SYBR-Green melting curve[J].J Chin Inst Food Sci Technol,2014,14(3):170-176.
[4]Cline E.Marketplace substitution of atlantic salmon for pacific salmon in washington state detected by DNA barcoding[J].Food Res Int,2011,10(43):388-393.
[5]李进波.鲑科鱼类分子鉴定方法研究[D].广州:华东理工大学,2012.Li JB.Molecular identification methods for salmonidae[D].Guangzhou:East China University of Science and Technology,2012.
[6]林森杰,王路,郑连明,等.海洋生物DNA条形码研究现状与展望[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):1-17.Lin SJ,Wang L,Zheng LM,et al.Current status and future prospect of DNA barcoding in marine biology[J].Acta Oceanol Sin,2014,36(12):1-17.
[7]蒋丹,刘宇,丁健,等.黑线鳕鱼核酸标准样品的研制[J].科技导报,2017,35(9):1-7.Jiang D,Liu Y,Ding J,et al.The development of a Melanogrammus aeglefinus DNA standard sample[J].Sci Technol Rev,2017,35(9):1-7.
[8]李建华,王继文.动物线粒体DNA在进化遗传学研究中的应用[J].生物学通报,2005,40(2):5-7.Li JH,Wang JW.The application of animal mitochondria DNA in evolutionary studies[J].Bull Biol,2005,40(2):5-7.
[9]张凤英,马凌波,施兆鸿,等.3种鲳属鱼类线粒体COI基因序列变异及系统进化[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(3):392-399.Zhang FY,Ma LB,Shi ZH,et al.Variation and system evolution for mitochondria COI gene sequence of 3 kinds of Pompanos genera[J].JFish Sci China,2008,15(3):392-399.
[10]肖永双,程起群,任桂静,等.中国近海条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)群体遗传多样性线粒体DNA序列分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(2):427-432.Xiao YS,Cheng QQ,Ren GJ,et al.Analysis of mitochondrial DNAsequence for population genetic diversity of Oplegnathus fasciatus in Chinese coast[J].Oceanol Limnol Sin,2013,44(2):427-432.
[11]Cameron,Mindy."Salmon return;A public conversation about the future of a northwest icon"[N].The Seattle Times,2002-08-18.
[12]毕潇潇,高天翔,肖永双,等.4种鳕鱼线粒体16S r RNA COI和Cytb基因片段序列的比较研究[J].南方水产,2009,5(3):46-52.Bi XX,Gao TX,Xiao YS,et al.Sequence comparison of mtDNA 16Sr RNA,COI and Cytb gene fragments in four species of Gadidae fish[J].South China Fish Sci,2009,5(3):46-52.
[13]萨姆布鲁克J,弗里克EF,曼尼阿蒂斯T.分子克隆实验指南[M].金冬雁,黎孟枫,译.北京:科学出版社,1995.Sambrook J,Fric EF,Maniatis T.Guide of molecular clone[M].Jin DY,Li MF,Translate.Beijing:Academic Press,1995.
[14]王宽,刘树柏,张晓梅,等.肉类掺假检测技术研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2014,5(9):2634-2639.Wang K,Liu SB,Zhang XM,et al.Advances on detection of meat adulteration[J].J Food Saf Qual,2014,5(9):2634-2639.
[15]SN/T 3589.3-2013出口食品中常见鱼类及其制品的鉴伪方法第3部分鲑鱼成分检测实时荧光PCR法[S].SN/T 3589.3-2013 Identification of fish species in export food-Part 3:Detection of salmonidae ingredient-Real-time PCR method[S].
[16]高彦生,宦萍,胡德刚,等.美国FDA食品安全现代化法案解读与评析[J].检验检疫学刊,2011,21:71-76.Gao YS,Huan P,Hu DG,et al.Interpret and appraise of the US FDA food safety modernization act[J].J Inspect Quarant,2011,21:71-76.
[17]杜鹏.“马肉风波”与欧盟肉制品安全监管制度[J].世界农业,2015,(4):82-86.Du P.“The wave of horse meat”and the safety supervision system of the safety on European Union meat products[J].World Agric,2015,(4):82-86.
[18]Wieke Willemijn Huizing Edinger.A legal perspective on EU competence to regulate the‘healthiness’of food[Z].
[19]巴西首次对我国水产品生产企业进行检查[NB/OL].[2016-10-11].http://www.cqn.com.cn/zj/content/2016-10/11/content_3477500.htm Brazil has for the first time inspected Chinese aquatic product manufacturers[NB/OL].[2016-10-11].http://www.cqn.com.cn/zj/content/2016-10/11/content_3477500.htm