三种不同的铜源对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、抗氧化酶活性及肠道形态的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究硫酸铜(CuSO_4)、甘氨酸铜(Cu-Gly)、羟基蛋氨酸铜(Cu-HMA)三种铜源对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀)幼鱼生长、抗氧化酶活性和肠道形态结构的影响。选取初始体重为(9.00±0.00) g的珍珠龙胆270尾,分别饲喂等氮等脂的3种试验饲料,进行为期8周的养殖试验。结果表明:(1) Cu-Gly组和Cu-HMA组增重率、特定生长率显著高于CuSO_4组(P<0.05);(2) Cu-HMA组肝体比、脏体比显著高于CuSO_4组和Cu-Gly组(P<0.05),各组间肥满度无显著差异(P>0.05);(3) Cu-HMA组和Cu-Gly组脊椎骨铜含量显著高于CuSO_4组(P<0.05);(4) CuSO_4组血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著高于Cu-Gly组和Cu-HMA组(P<0.05),且CuSO_4组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著低于Cu-Gly组和Cu-HMA组(P<0.05);(5) CuSO_4组血清铜蓝蛋白显著高于Cu-Gly组和Cu-HMA组(P<0.05);(6)中肠和后肠皱襞高度CuHMA组显著高于CuSO_4组和Cu-Gly组(P<0.05);综合考虑生长、形态学指标、体成分、血清生化指标、抗氧化酶活性、组织矿物元素含量以及肠道形态结构,在饲料中添加Cu-Gly和Cu-HMA均能显著改善珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼的肠道形态及血清脂质代谢,进而改善生长。
This study evaluated the effects of dietary copper sulfate(CuSO_4), glycine chelated copper(Cu-Gly), copper hydroxymethionine(Cu-MHA) on growth, antioxidant enzymes and intestinal morphology of juvenile pearl gentian grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀). Juvenile pearl gentian grouper with the average body weight of(9.00±0.00) g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate to feed isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets with 3 different copper sources for 8 weeks.(1) The weight gain ratio(WGR), survival ratio(SR) in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups were significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 group(P<0.05).(2) The hepatosomatic index(HSI) and viscerosomatic index(VSI) in Cu-HMA group was significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 and Cu-Gly groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in condition factor(CF) among all groups(P>0.05).(3) Cu contents of vertebrae in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups were significantly higher than that in CuSO_4 group(P<0.05).(4) The serum concentrations of triglyceride(TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterot(LDLC) in CuSO_4 group was significantly higher than those in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).The serum concentration of high-density lipoproteot cholesterin(HDLC) in CuSO_4 group was significantly lower than that in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).(5) The activity of serum ceruloplasmin(CP) in CuSO_4 group was significantly higher than that in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).(6) The plica height(PH) of midgut and hindgut in Cu-HMA group were significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 and Cu-Gly groups(P<0.05). These results revealed that dietary adding Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA could improve intestinal morphology and serum lipid metabolism to ameliorate growth of juvenile pearl gentian grouper.
This study evaluated the effects of dietary copper sulfate(CuSO_4), glycine chelated copper(Cu-Gly), copper hydroxymethionine(Cu-MHA) on growth, antioxidant enzymes and intestinal morphology of juvenile pearl gentian grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀). Juvenile pearl gentian grouper with the average body weight of(9.00±0.00) g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate to feed isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets with 3 different copper sources for 8 weeks.(1) The weight gain ratio(WGR), survival ratio(SR) in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups were significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 group(P<0.05).(2) The hepatosomatic index(HSI) and viscerosomatic index(VSI) in Cu-HMA group was significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 and Cu-Gly groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in condition factor(CF) among all groups(P>0.05).(3) Cu contents of vertebrae in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups were significantly higher than that in CuSO_4 group(P<0.05).(4) The serum concentrations of triglyceride(TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterot(LDLC) in CuSO_4 group was significantly higher than those in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).The serum concentration of high-density lipoproteot cholesterin(HDLC) in CuSO_4 group was significantly lower than that in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).(5) The activity of serum ceruloplasmin(CP) in CuSO_4 group was significantly higher than that in Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA groups(P<0.05).(6) The plica height(PH) of midgut and hindgut in Cu-HMA group were significantly higher than those in CuSO_4 and Cu-Gly groups(P<0.05). These results revealed that dietary adding Cu-Gly and Cu-HMA could improve intestinal morphology and serum lipid metabolism to ameliorate growth of juvenile pearl gentian grouper.
引文
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[3]Watanabe T,Kiron V,Satoh S.Trace minerals in fish nutrition[J].Aquaculture,1997,151(1-4):185-207
[4]Mai K S.Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed Science[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2011,95[麦康森.水产动物营养与饲料学.北京:中国农业出版社.2011,95]
[5]Zhou Y,Zhang D,Peatman E,et al.Effects of various levels of dietary copper supplementation with copper sulfate and copper hydroxychloride on Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei performance and microbial communities[J].Aquaculture,2017,476:94-105
[6]Wang H,Li E,Zhu H,et al.Dietary copper requirement of juvenile Russian sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii[J].Aquaculture,2016,454:118-124
[7]Damasceno F M,Fleuri L F,Sartori M M.P,et al Effect of dietary inorganic copper on growth performance and hematological profile of Nile tilapia subjected to heat-induced stress[J].Aquaculture,2016,454:257-264
[8]Cao J,Miao X,Xu W,et al.Dietary copper requirements of juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys croceus[J].Aquaculture,2014,432:346-350
[9]Shao X P,Liu W B,Xu W N,et al.Effects of dietary copper sources and levels on performance,copper status,plasma antioxidant activities and relative copper bioavailability in Carassius auratus gibelio[J].Aquaculture,2010,308(1):60-65
[10]Paripatananont T,Lovell R T.Comparative net absorption of chelated and inorganic trace minerals in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus diets[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,1997,28(1):62-67
[11]Lin Y H,Shih C C,Kent M,et al.Dietary copper requirement reevaluation for juvenile grouper,Epinephelus malabaricus,with an organic copper source[J].Aquaculture,2010,310(1):173-177
[12]Bharadwaj A S,Patnaik S,Browdy C L,et al.Comparative evaluation of an inorganic and a commercial chelated copper source in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone)fed diets containing phytic acid[J].Aquaculture,2014,422-423:63-68
[13]Liu Y,Wang J Y,Li B S,et al.Effects of dietary cobalt methionine on growth performance,mineral deposition,and hepatic enzyme activities in juvenile pearl gentian grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×E.fuscoguttatus♀)[J].Journal of fishery sciences of China,2016,23(3):574-583[刘云,王际英,李宝山,等.蛋氨酸钴对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长、矿物元素沉积及肝脏酶活力的影响.中国水产科学,2016,23(3):574-583]
[14]Ma H Y,Yang Q H,Dong X H,et al.Dietary requirement of juvenile grouper,Epinephelus coioides for hydroxy methionine copper[J].Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2014,34(4):19-26[马豪勇,杨奇慧,董晓慧,等.斜带石斑鱼幼鱼对羟基蛋氨酸铜的需求.广东海洋大学学报,2014,34(4):19-26]
[15]Ye C X,Liu Y J,Tian L X,et al.Dietary copper requirement of juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(2):461-466[叶超霞,刘永坚,田丽霞,等.斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)饲料中铜的适宜添加量研究.海洋与湖沼,2013,44(2):461-466]
[16]Lin Y H,Shie Y Y,Shie Y Y.Dietary copper requirements of juvenile grouper,Epinephelus malabaricus[J].Aquaculture,2008,274(1):161-165
[17]AOAC.Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International[M].16th ed.Arlington,VA:AOAC International.1995,382-382
[18]Zhou M,Wang A L,Cao J M.Effects of different forms of copper and supplement on growth performance,serum ceruloplasmin,and growth hormone level of Paneaus vannamei[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2010,41(4):577-582[周萌,王安利,曹俊明.饲料中不同形式的铜及添加量对凡纳滨对虾.海洋与湖沼,2010,41(4):577-582]
[19]Ashemead D W.The Roles of Amino Acid Chelates in Animal Nutrition[M].America:Noyes Publications.1993,21-40
[20]Dong X H,Yang Y Z,Zheng S X,et al.Effects of dietary copper sources and levels on growth,immunity and Cu concentration intissues of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Dalian Ocean University,2007,22(5):377-383[董晓慧,杨原志,郑石轩,等.饲料中不同铜源和水平对凡纳滨对虾生长,免疫和组织铜含量的影响.大连海洋大学学报,2007,22(5):377-383]
[21]Qaio Y G.Study on nutrition physiology of zinc,iron and copper in cobia(Rachycentron canadum)[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China.2007[乔永刚.军曹鱼微量元素锌,铁,铜营养生理的研究.青岛:中国海洋大学.2007]
[22]Liang Z G,Zhou M,Shu X G,et al.Comparative study on the effect of NCG copper in Oreochromis niloticus[J].Feed China,2016,(8):32-35[梁志刚,周萌,舒绪刚,等.N-氨甲酰谷氨酸铜在吉富罗非鱼饲料中应用效果的比较研究.饲料广角,2016,(8):32-35]
[23]Wang H,Zhu H,Wang X,et al.Comparison of copper bioavailability in copper-methionine,nano-copper oxide and copper sulfate additives in the diet of Russian sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii[J].Aquaculture,2018,482:146-154
[24]Li Y F,Tan Z H,Peng X F,et al.The effect of cupric glutamate on the growth performance,serum biochemical indices and body composition of tilapia and grass carp[J].China Feed,2013,(18):31-33[李云峰,覃宗华,彭险峰,等.谷氨酸铜对罗非鱼和草鱼生长性能血清生化指标和体组成的影响.中国饲料,2013,(18):31-33]
[25]Wang L M,Xue M,Wu X F,et al.Effects of copper source and different basal feed on growth,copper accumulation and immune antioxidant function of Lateolabrax maculatus[C].China Society of Fisheries Abstracts of the Annual Meeting 2010.2011[王兰梅,薛敏,吴秀峰,等.铜源及不同基础饲料对花鲈生长,铜蓄积量及免疫抗氧化功能的影响.2010年中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集.2011]
[26]Zhao X P.Effects of dietary tribasic copper chloride on growth performance,copper status,antioxidant activities and intestinal microflora in Carassius auratus gibelio and Megalobrama amblycephala[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University.2012[邵仙萍.碱式氯化铜对异育银鲫和团头鲂生长、组织铜水平、抗氧化活性及肠道菌群的影响.南京农业大学.2012]
[27]Apines-Amar M J S,Satoh S,Caipang C M A,et al.Amino acid-chelate:a better source of Zn,Mn and Cu for rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss[J].Aquaculture,2004,240(1):345-358
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