明代侍妾涉夫诗文观照(二):正室欺压·与夫谐隐·绝命悼亡
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摘要
明代侍妾创作了为数不少的涉夫诗文,其中部分作品反映了受欺正室的悲伤、与夫谐隐的希冀和绝命悼亡的悲叹。正室的欺压使她们无以反抗,有口难言;与夫谐隐是在丈夫仕途偃蹇或是随宦偏远之地时内心的外显;绝命诗是在受到正室欺压陷入绝望而采取极端行为的记录,悼亡诗则是作为未亡人而创作的追悼亡夫的悲苦之作。这些作品皆源自明代侍妾的亲身经历,字字发自肺腑,首首感人至深,为今人解读明代夫妾婚姻生活和家庭生活提供了不可多得的原始文本。
The concubines in the Ming dynasty wrote a lot of poems and articles about their husbands,and some of these works reflect the sadness about being bullied by principle wife,the hope about seclusion with their husbands and and the sadness about their own death. Principle wives tyrannized over them and made them lose their tongue,and they can not resist. When husbands will set out on a long walk because of work,concubines feel lonely and want to go out with them. When they are in despair about principle wives' bullying,they write swan-song and take extreme activity. Mourning poems are written by concubines to mourn their departed husbands. These works all originate from the experiences of concubines. All the poems directed from the heart and make people moved,which provide original texts about the marriage and family in the Ming dynasty for us now.
The concubines in the Ming dynasty wrote a lot of poems and articles about their husbands,and some of these works reflect the sadness about being bullied by principle wife,the hope about seclusion with their husbands and and the sadness about their own death. Principle wives tyrannized over them and made them lose their tongue,and they can not resist. When husbands will set out on a long walk because of work,concubines feel lonely and want to go out with them. When they are in despair about principle wives' bullying,they write swan-song and take extreme activity. Mourning poems are written by concubines to mourn their departed husbands. These works all originate from the experiences of concubines. All the poems directed from the heart and make people moved,which provide original texts about the marriage and family in the Ming dynasty for us now.
引文
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[4](明)沈德符撰.万历野获编补遗(卷三)·命妇以妒受杖[M].北京:中华书局,1959:896.
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[14]王延梯辑.中国古代女作家集[M].济南:山东大学出版社,1999:466.
[15]朱琳.明清徽州女子婚龄浅探——以地方志资料为中心的考察[J].安徽史学,2005,(6):80-85.
[16]王雪萍.明代婢妾婚姻实态探微[J].济南大学学报(社会科学版),2010(4):45-49.
[17]张远山.人类素描[M].上海:上海文化出版社,1999:41.
[18](美)莫德尔著,刘文荣译.文学中的色情动机[M].上海:文汇出版社,2006:114.
[2]曹兆兰选释.中国古代女子情书选[M].广州:花城出版社,1987:55-56.
[3](清)张履祥著,陈祖武点校.杨园先生全集(卷四四)[M].北京:中华书局,2002:1285.
[4](明)沈德符撰.万历野获编补遗(卷三)·命妇以妒受杖[M].北京:中华书局,1959:896.
[5](明)汪道昆撰.太函集(卷五九)[M].合肥:黄山书社,2004:1234.
[6]曹兆兰选释.中国古代女子情书选[M].广州:花城出版社,1987:55.
[7]潘光旦著.潘光旦文集(1)·冯小青:一件影恋之研究[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000:8-9.
[8](明)江盈科著.江盈科集[M].长沙:岳麓书社,1997:684.
[9]姜绍书.无声诗史(卷7)[M].//于安澜.画史丛书(第3册)[Z].上海:上海人民美术出版社,1992:188.
[10]何永智.恨无图史记贤臣:葛征奇考[J].嘉兴学院学报,2016,(4):60-64.
[11]李衍孙.《武定明诗钞》(卷四).山东省图书馆藏稿本.
[12]徐惠廷.明代女性殉死行为之研究[D].桃源:国立中央大学硕士学位论文,2009:114-119.
[13]张玉璞.宋代悼亡词简论[J].江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002,(3):66.
[14]王延梯辑.中国古代女作家集[M].济南:山东大学出版社,1999:466.
[15]朱琳.明清徽州女子婚龄浅探——以地方志资料为中心的考察[J].安徽史学,2005,(6):80-85.
[16]王雪萍.明代婢妾婚姻实态探微[J].济南大学学报(社会科学版),2010(4):45-49.
[17]张远山.人类素描[M].上海:上海文化出版社,1999:41.
[18](美)莫德尔著,刘文荣译.文学中的色情动机[M].上海:文汇出版社,2006:114.