基于共姿态道集的地表一致性振幅补偿方法及应用
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摘要
地表一致性振幅补偿能够解决好采集施工过程中因施工条件改变所附加给地震数据的异常响应,更好地突出地下地质异常在地震数据中的响应,提高勘探精度和分辨率。在实际生产中,由于施工条件的改变导致同一接收点位置上的检波器具有多种不同倾斜姿态,不同的与大地耦合程度,直接导致同一接收点位置上检波器具有不同的接收灵敏度和振幅响应。针对这种与地表一致性原理和理论假设不相符的问题,根据共接收点道集中不同时间段内检波器的倾斜角度,从共接收点道集中抽取出共姿态道集,并经过分析确认共姿态道集内的检波器接收条件更能充分满足地表一致性理论假设,进而设计了基于共姿态道集的地表一致性振幅补偿算法和技术流程。该技术与现有技术不同之处在于将共姿态道集替换了现有技术中的共接收点道集。通过模型数据测试和实际生产数据检验发现,新技术的应用效果显著,较好地解决了地表一致性振幅补偿问题。
The surface-consistent amplitude compensation can attenuate the abnormal response of seismic data caused by the acquisition conditions changing and highlight the response by underground geology.It can improve the exploration precision and resolution.In the actual production,the detectors in the same receiving location will have several different inclined attitudes and different coupling with the soil caused by the construction conditions changes,which will directly make these detectors have several different features about receiving sensitivity and amplitude response.In order to solve this problem that the receiving conditions do not match the surface consistency principle and theoretical assumptions,the paper proposed a new method and technique for surface-consistent amplitude compensation based on the Common Attitude Gather,which is the subset abstracted from a Common Receiving Gather according to the tilt angles of its detectors in different periods of time.It is confirmed through analysis that the receiving condition of a Common Attitude Gather can agree with the surface-consistent more fully. The difference between the new technique and the existing ones is that the Common Receiving Gathers are replaced by the Common Attitude Gathers when implemen-ting.Tests in the model data and the actual production data show that the new technique can effectively solve the surface-consistent amplitude compensation.
The surface-consistent amplitude compensation can attenuate the abnormal response of seismic data caused by the acquisition conditions changing and highlight the response by underground geology.It can improve the exploration precision and resolution.In the actual production,the detectors in the same receiving location will have several different inclined attitudes and different coupling with the soil caused by the construction conditions changes,which will directly make these detectors have several different features about receiving sensitivity and amplitude response.In order to solve this problem that the receiving conditions do not match the surface consistency principle and theoretical assumptions,the paper proposed a new method and technique for surface-consistent amplitude compensation based on the Common Attitude Gather,which is the subset abstracted from a Common Receiving Gather according to the tilt angles of its detectors in different periods of time.It is confirmed through analysis that the receiving condition of a Common Attitude Gather can agree with the surface-consistent more fully. The difference between the new technique and the existing ones is that the Common Receiving Gathers are replaced by the Common Attitude Gathers when implemen-ting.Tests in the model data and the actual production data show that the new technique can effectively solve the surface-consistent amplitude compensation.
引文
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[2]WIGGINS R A,LARNER K L,WISECUP R D.Residual statics analysis as a general linear inverse problem[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):922-938.
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[11]蔡希玲,刘学伟,王彦娟,等.地表一致性统计相关分析法及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):390-396.CAI Xiling,LIU Xuewei,WANG Yanjuan,et al.Suface-consistence statistical autocorrerlation of seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospection for Petroleum,2006,45(4):390-396.
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[13]VAN VOSSEN R,CURTIS A,LAAKE A,et al.Surface-consistent deconvolution using reciprocity and waveform inversion[J].Geophysics,2006,71(2):19-30.
[14]王君,周兴元,恽春华.地表一致性约束下异常振幅衰减技术的实现[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):493-498.WANG Jun,ZHOU Xingyuan,YUN Chunhua.Realization of surface consistent constrained anomaly amplitude attenuation technology[J].Geophysical Prospection for Petroleum,2011,50(5):493-498.
[15]CARY P,NAGARAJAPPA N.Questioning the basics of surface onsistent scaling[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2013:418-422.
[16]KAZEMI N,BONGAJUM E,SACCHI M D.Non-minimum phase surface consistent sparsity constrained blind deconvolution[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2014:3200-3204.
[17]CARY P,NAGARAJAPPA N.Surface-consistent phase corrections by stack-power maximization[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2014:4320-4324.
[18]何登科,彭苏萍.共姿态道集地表一致性振幅补偿方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201510107456.2,2016-01-20.
[19]何登科,彭苏萍,刘琳.共姿态道集方位角分析和校正方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201510031081.6,2016-03-02.
[20]HE D K,PENG S P.Correcting the orientation of the horizontal receiver based on the Common Attitude Gather in 3D3C seismic exploration[A].78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition Expanded Abstracts[C].2016.
[21]何登科,王舒,孙亮.多波勘探中基于共姿态道集的水平分量检波器方位角校正方法[A].2016中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集(三十)——专题54:煤炭资源与矿山地球物理[C].北京:中国地球科学联合学术年会,2016:2732-2734.
[22]何登科,彭苏萍,孙亮.基于共姿态道集的静校正方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201610487239.9,2016-06-28.
[2]WIGGINS R A,LARNER K L,WISECUP R D.Residual statics analysis as a general linear inverse problem[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):922-938.
[3]TANER M T,KOEHLER F.Surface consistent corrections[J].Geophysics,1981,46(1):17-22.
[4]YILMAZ O.Seismic data processing[M].SEG,1987:196-203,506.
[5]LEVIN S A.Surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1989,54(9):1123-1133.
[6]CARY P W,LORENTZ G A.Four-component surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1993,58(3):383-392.
[7]国九英,周兴元.二维及三维地表一致性相位校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(3):345-350.GUO Jiuying,ZHOU Xingyuan.Surface-consistent phase correction in2-D and 3-D domains[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(3):345-350.
[8]张昌君,罗晓微.四分量地表一致性反褶积[J].石油物探,1997,36(S1):63-66.ZHANG Changjun,LUO Xiaowei.Four-component surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysical Prospection for Petroleum,1997,36(S1):63-66.
[9]高少武,周兴元,蔡加铭.反射波地表一致性相位校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):480-487.GAO Shaowu,ZHOU Xingyuan,CAI Jiaming.Surface-consistent phase correction for reflection wave[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):480-487.
[10]李生杰,施行觉,郑鸿明,等.复杂地表条件反射振幅一致性校正[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):862-869.LI Shengjie,SHI Xingjue,ZHENG Hongming,et al.The consistent correction of seismic amplitude in complicated surface area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,45(6):862-869.
[11]蔡希玲,刘学伟,王彦娟,等.地表一致性统计相关分析法及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):390-396.CAI Xiling,LIU Xuewei,WANG Yanjuan,et al.Suface-consistence statistical autocorrerlation of seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospection for Petroleum,2006,45(4):390-396.
[12]MONTANA C A,MARGRAVE G F.Surface-consistent Gabor deconvolution[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2006:2812-2816.
[13]VAN VOSSEN R,CURTIS A,LAAKE A,et al.Surface-consistent deconvolution using reciprocity and waveform inversion[J].Geophysics,2006,71(2):19-30.
[14]王君,周兴元,恽春华.地表一致性约束下异常振幅衰减技术的实现[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):493-498.WANG Jun,ZHOU Xingyuan,YUN Chunhua.Realization of surface consistent constrained anomaly amplitude attenuation technology[J].Geophysical Prospection for Petroleum,2011,50(5):493-498.
[15]CARY P,NAGARAJAPPA N.Questioning the basics of surface onsistent scaling[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2013:418-422.
[16]KAZEMI N,BONGAJUM E,SACCHI M D.Non-minimum phase surface consistent sparsity constrained blind deconvolution[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2014:3200-3204.
[17]CARY P,NAGARAJAPPA N.Surface-consistent phase corrections by stack-power maximization[A].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts[C].2014:4320-4324.
[18]何登科,彭苏萍.共姿态道集地表一致性振幅补偿方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201510107456.2,2016-01-20.
[19]何登科,彭苏萍,刘琳.共姿态道集方位角分析和校正方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201510031081.6,2016-03-02.
[20]HE D K,PENG S P.Correcting the orientation of the horizontal receiver based on the Common Attitude Gather in 3D3C seismic exploration[A].78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition Expanded Abstracts[C].2016.
[21]何登科,王舒,孙亮.多波勘探中基于共姿态道集的水平分量检波器方位角校正方法[A].2016中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集(三十)——专题54:煤炭资源与矿山地球物理[C].北京:中国地球科学联合学术年会,2016:2732-2734.
[22]何登科,彭苏萍,孙亮.基于共姿态道集的静校正方法及装置[P].中国专利:ZL201610487239.9,2016-06-28.