HS-SPME-GC-MS和主成分分析比较枇杷叶、花、茎的挥发性成分
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摘要
采用顶空固相微萃取法结合气相色谱质谱联用法,对枇杷叶、花和茎的挥发性成分进行分析和比较,面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量,并进行主成分分析。枇杷叶中鉴定出29种化合物,占总挥发性成分的91.16%;枇杷花中鉴定出27种化合物,占总挥发性成分的99.99%;枇杷茎中鉴定出19种化合物,占总挥发性成分的90.05%。枇杷叶、花、茎中共鉴定出55种化合物,其中共有成分有6种,但枇杷叶、花、茎含有的特有成分分别为23、21、13种。2个主成分可代表3个样品的55种挥发性成分,样品之间的主成分分析综合评分具有较大的差异,枇杷叶的综合评分最高,枇杷花的综合评分其次,枇杷茎的综合评分最低。实验结果表明:枇杷叶、花、茎挥发性成分种类和含量存在较大差异。
The volatile components in the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat were analyzed and compared using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative contents of individual components were calculated by the area normalization method while the principal components were also analyzed. Twenty nine compounds were identified in loquat leaves, accounting for 91.16% of the total volatile components; Twenty seven compounds were identified in loquat flowers, accounting for 99.99% of the total volatile components; Nineteen compounds were identified in the stems of loquat, accounting for 90.05% of the total volatile components. A total of 55 compounds were identified from the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat, among which 6 compounds were in common. The loquat leaves,flowers and stems had 23, 21 and 13, respectively, their own characteristic compounds. Two principal components were found to represent the55 volatile components in the 3 types of samples. The Principal Component Analysis revealed a great difference in the comprehensive score among the samples, with the comprehensive score decreasing in this order: leaves > flowers > stems. The experimental results showed large differences in the species and contents of the volatile components among the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat.
The volatile components in the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat were analyzed and compared using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative contents of individual components were calculated by the area normalization method while the principal components were also analyzed. Twenty nine compounds were identified in loquat leaves, accounting for 91.16% of the total volatile components; Twenty seven compounds were identified in loquat flowers, accounting for 99.99% of the total volatile components; Nineteen compounds were identified in the stems of loquat, accounting for 90.05% of the total volatile components. A total of 55 compounds were identified from the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat, among which 6 compounds were in common. The loquat leaves,flowers and stems had 23, 21 and 13, respectively, their own characteristic compounds. Two principal components were found to represent the55 volatile components in the 3 types of samples. The Principal Component Analysis revealed a great difference in the comprehensive score among the samples, with the comprehensive score decreasing in this order: leaves > flowers > stems. The experimental results showed large differences in the species and contents of the volatile components among the leaves, flowers and stems of loquat.
引文
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[11]何春兰,张刚平,王如意,等.HS-SPME-GC-MS和主成分分析红车轴草不同部位挥发油成分[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(5):71-81HE Chun-lan,ZHANG Gang-ping,WANG Ru-yi,et al.An analysis of volatile oil components in different parts of Rhizoma Cardinalis by HS-SPME-GC-MS and principal component analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Prescriptions,2018,24(5):71-81
[12]王伟江.天然活性单萜-柠檬烯的研究进展[J].中国食品添加剂,2005,68(1):33-37WANG Wei-jiang.Recent advances on limonene,a natural and active monoterpene[J].China Food Additives,2005,68(1):33-37
[13]邵宏伟,朱婉萍.α-萜品烯醇止咳平喘作用的实验研究[J].中国药业,2006,15(9):32SHAO Hong-wei,ZHU Wan-ping.Experimental study on antitussive and antiasthmatic effects of alpha terpene enol[J].China Pharmaceuticals Chin Pharm,2006,15(9):32
[2]沈隽.中国农业百科全书果树卷[M].北京:农业出版社,1993SHEN Jun.Chinese Agricultural Encyclopedia of Fruit Trees[M].Beijing:Agricultural Press,1993
[3]班新伟,康如如,魏凌云,等.枇杷花功能成分及抗氧化活性随生长时间的变化[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(4):139-144BAN Xin-wei,KANG Ru-ru,WEI Ling-yun,et al.Changes of functional components and antioxidant activity of loquat flower with growth time[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2018,33(4):139-144
[4]李欧,金尧,蔡小燕,等.中药挥发油提取技术研究概况[J].中兽医医药杂志,2017,2:30-32LI Ou,JIN Yao,CAI Xiao-yan,et al.A survey of the extraction techniques of essential oil from traditional Chinese medicine[J].Journal of Chinese Veterinary Medicine,2017,2:30-32
[5]王义潮,巩江,高昂,等.枇杷叶挥发油气相色谱-质谱研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(5):2637-2638WANG Yi-chao,GONG Jiang,GAO Ang,et al.Study on volatile oil of loquat leaves by gas chromatogra phy-mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2011,39(5):2637-2638
[6]倪敏,凌雪峰,王丽娟,等.枇杷果实挥发油中的化学成分[J].光谱实验室,2013,30(4):1856-1858NI Min,LING Xue-feng,WANG Li-juan,et al.Chemical constituents of volatile oil from loquat fruit[J].Spectroscopic Laboratory,2013,30(4):1856-1858
[7]黄晶玲,卢金清,肖宇硕,等.顶空固相微萃取法与水蒸气蒸馏法联合气相色谱-质谱分析肿节风挥发性成分[J].中国医院药学杂志,2018,38(10):1073-1076HUANG Jing-ling,LU Jin-qing,XIAO Yu-shuo,et al.Headspace dolid phase microextraction and steam distillation combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of volatile components of tumatopsis[J].Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy,2018,38(10):1073-1076
[8]梁欢,卢金清,戴艺,等.HS-SPME-GC-MS结合化学计量法对不同产地艾叶药材挥发性成分的比较分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(18):85-90LIANG Huan,LU Jin-qing,DAI Yi,et al.Comparison and analysis of volatile components in Artemisia argyi from different habitats by HS-SPME-GC-MS and chemometrics[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Prescription,201420(18):85-90
[9]万丽娟,卢金清,李肖爽,等.神农香菊挥发油主成分分析[J].中国医院药学杂志,2016,36(11):921-925WAN Li-juan,LU Jin-qing,LI Xiao-shuang,et al.Principal component analysis of essential oil of chrysanthemum Shennong[J].Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy,2016,36(11):921-925
[10]蔡晓洋,张思荻,曾俊,等.基于主成分分析和聚类分析的栀子种质资源评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(14):30-37CAI Xiao-yang,ZHANG Si-di,ZENG Jun,et al.Evaluation of germplasm resources of gardenia based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Prescription,2017,23(14):30-37
[11]何春兰,张刚平,王如意,等.HS-SPME-GC-MS和主成分分析红车轴草不同部位挥发油成分[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(5):71-81HE Chun-lan,ZHANG Gang-ping,WANG Ru-yi,et al.An analysis of volatile oil components in different parts of Rhizoma Cardinalis by HS-SPME-GC-MS and principal component analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Prescriptions,2018,24(5):71-81
[12]王伟江.天然活性单萜-柠檬烯的研究进展[J].中国食品添加剂,2005,68(1):33-37WANG Wei-jiang.Recent advances on limonene,a natural and active monoterpene[J].China Food Additives,2005,68(1):33-37
[13]邵宏伟,朱婉萍.α-萜品烯醇止咳平喘作用的实验研究[J].中国药业,2006,15(9):32SHAO Hong-wei,ZHU Wan-ping.Experimental study on antitussive and antiasthmatic effects of alpha terpene enol[J].China Pharmaceuticals Chin Pharm,2006,15(9):32