Mass transfer area in a multi-stage high-speed disperser with split packing
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摘要
In this study, the mean droplet diameter in the cavity zone and the total mass transfer area of a multi-stage highspeed disperser(HSD) reactor with different packing combinations were measured and evaluated. The effects of rotational speed and packing radius, as well as the packing ring radius and numbers, on the mean droplet diameter and the total mass transfer area were evaluated. A model was established to calculate the mass transfer area in the cavity zone in the HSD reactor, and it was found that the packings contribute 61%–82% of the total mass transfer area. A correlation for predicting the mass transfer area in the packing zone was regressed by the dimensionless analysis method. An enhancement factor based on the mass transfer area in the packing zone was proposed to evaluate the effect of packing combination on mass transfer area. Two optimum packing combinations were proposed in consideration of the mean droplet diameter and the enhancement factor.
In this study, the mean droplet diameter in the cavity zone and the total mass transfer area of a multi-stage highspeed disperser(HSD) reactor with different packing combinations were measured and evaluated. The effects of rotational speed and packing radius, as well as the packing ring radius and numbers, on the mean droplet diameter and the total mass transfer area were evaluated. A model was established to calculate the mass transfer area in the cavity zone in the HSD reactor, and it was found that the packings contribute 61%–82% of the total mass transfer area. A correlation for predicting the mass transfer area in the packing zone was regressed by the dimensionless analysis method. An enhancement factor based on the mass transfer area in the packing zone was proposed to evaluate the effect of packing combination on mass transfer area. Two optimum packing combinations were proposed in consideration of the mean droplet diameter and the enhancement factor.
In this study, the mean droplet diameter in the cavity zone and the total mass transfer area of a multi-stage highspeed disperser(HSD) reactor with different packing combinations were measured and evaluated. The effects of rotational speed and packing radius, as well as the packing ring radius and numbers, on the mean droplet diameter and the total mass transfer area were evaluated. A model was established to calculate the mass transfer area in the cavity zone in the HSD reactor, and it was found that the packings contribute 61%–82% of the total mass transfer area. A correlation for predicting the mass transfer area in the packing zone was regressed by the dimensionless analysis method. An enhancement factor based on the mass transfer area in the packing zone was proposed to evaluate the effect of packing combination on mass transfer area. Two optimum packing combinations were proposed in consideration of the mean droplet diameter and the enhancement factor.
引文
[1]National Research Council,America's Climate Choices:Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change,National Academies Press,Washington,2010.
[2]J.Edmonds,The potential role of CCS in climate stabilization,Proc.9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies.Washington,2008.
[3]Climate Change 2007-The Physical Science Basis:Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC.,Cambridge University Press,2007.
[4]Y.Tan,W.Nookuea,H.Li,E.Thorin,J.Yan,Property impacts on carbon capture and storage(CCS)processes:a review,Energy Convers.Manag.118(2016)204-222.
[5]Z.Ming,O.Shaojie,Z.Yingjie,S.Hui,CCS technology development in China:Status,problems and countermeasures-based on SWOT analysis,Renew.Sust.Energ.Rev.39(2014)604-616.
[6]B.Zhao,Y.Su,W.Tao,Mass transfer performance of CO2capture in rotating packed bed:Dimensionless modeling and intelligent prediction,Appl.Energy 136(2014)132-142.
[7]Y.Du,Y.Yuan,G.T.Rochelle,Capacity and absorption rate of tertiary and hindered amines blended with piperazine for CO2capture,Chem.Eng.Sci.155(2016)397-404.
[8]L.Wei,Z.Gao,Y.Jing,Y.Wang,Adsorption of CO2from simulated flue gas on pentaethylenehexamine-loaded mesoporous silica support adsorbent,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.52(2013)14965-14974.
[9]G.T.Rochelle,Amine scrubbing for CO2capture,Science 325(2009)1652-1654.
[10]T.Mattisson,A.Lyngfelt,P.Cho,The use of iron oxide as an oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion of methane with inherent separation of CO2,Fuel 80(2001)1953-1962.
[11]G.F.Versteeg,L.A.J.Van Dijck,W.P.M.Van Swaaij,On the kinetics between CO2and alkanolamines both in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions.An overview,Chem.Eng.Commun.144(1996)113-158.
[12]S.Munjal,M.P.Dudukovi?,P.Ramachandran,Mass-transfer in rotating packed beds-II.Experimental results and comparison with theory and gravity flow,Chem.Eng.Sci.44(1989)2257-2268.
[13]M.P.Kumar,D.P.Rao,Studies on a high-gravity gas-liquid contactor,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.29(1990)917-920.
[14]Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,Z.Q.Zhao,M.P.Dudukovic,J.F.Chen,Gas-liquid effective interfacial area in a rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.51(2012)16320-16325.
[15]N.Kolev,S.Nakov,L.Ljutzkanov,D.Kolev,Effective area of a highly efficient random packing,Chem.Eng.Process.Process Intensif.45(2006)429-436.
[16]S.Munjal,M.P.Dudukovi?,P.Ramachandran,Mass-transfer in rotating packed beds-I.Development of gas-liquid and liquid-solid mass-transfer correlations,Chem.Eng.Sci.44(1989)2245-2256.
[17]K.Yang,G.Chu,H.Zou,B.Sun,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Determination of the effective interfacial area in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.168(2011)1377-1382.
[18]K.Guo,Z.Z.Zhang,H.J.Luo,J.X.Dang,Z.Qian,An innovative approach of the effective mass transfer area in the rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.53(2014)4052-4058.
[19]Y.Luo,J.Z.Luo,G.W.Chu,Z.Q.Zhao,M.Arowo,J.F.Chen,Investigation of effective interfacial area in a rotating packed bed with structured stainless steel wire mesh packing,Chem.Eng.Sci.170(2016)347-354.
[20]Y.S.Chen,C.C.Lin,H.S.Liu,Mass transfer in a rotating packed bed with various radii of the bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.44(2005)7868-7875.
[21]Y.Yang,Y.Xiang,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,B.C.Sun,M.Arowo,J.F.Chen,CFD modeling of gas-liquid mass transfer process in a rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.294(2016)111-121.
[22]A.Chandra,P.S.Goswami,D.P.Rao,Characteristics of flow in a rotating packed bed(HIGEE)with split packing,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.44(2005)4051-4060.
[23]M.K.Shivhare,D.P.Rao,N.Kaistha,Mass transfer studies on split-packing and single-block packing rotating packed beds,Chem.Eng.Process.71(2013)115-124.
[24]Y.Liu,D.Gu,C.Xu,G.Qi,W.Jiao,Mass transfer characteristics in a rotating packed bed with split packing,Chin.J.Chem.Eng.23(2015)868-872.
[25]K.Guo,A Study on Liquid Flowing inside the Higee Rotor,(Ph.D.Diss.)Beijing Univ.Chem.Technol,Beijing,China,1996(in Chinese).
[26]K.Yang,G.Chu,H.Zou,B.Sun,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Determination of the effective interfacial area in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.168(2011)1377-1382.
[27]G.W.Chu,Y.Luo,Z.Y.Xing,Mass-transfer studies in a novel multi-liquid-inlet rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.53(2014)18580-18584.
[28]F.Yi,H.K.Zou,G.W.Chu,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Modeling and experimental studies on absorption of CO2by Benfield solution in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.145(2009)377-384.
[29]Y.W.Li,S.W.Wang,B.C.Sun,M.Arowo,H.K.Zou,J.F.Chen,Visual study of liquid flow in a rotor-stator reactor,Chem.Eng.Sci.134(2015)521-530.
[30]L.Sang,Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,J.P.Zhang,Y.Xiang,J.F.Chen,Liquid flow pattern transition,droplet diameter and size distribution in the cavity zone of a rotating packed bed:A visual study,Chem.Eng.Sci.158(2017)429-438.
[31]T.Ai,A.M.Mudassar,Z.Q.Cai,Z.M.Gao,Liquid dispersion and gas absorption in a multi-stage high-speed disperser,Chem.Eng.J.352(2018)704-715.
[32]Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,F.Wang,Y.Xiang,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Mass transfer studies in a rotating packed bed with novel rotors:Chemisorption of CO2,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.51(2012)9164-9172.
[33]D.Darmana,R.L.B.Henket,N.G.Deen,J.A.M.Kuipers,Detailed modelling of hydrodynamics,mass transfer and chemical reactions in a bubble column using a discrete bubble model:chemisorption of CO2into NaOH solution,numerical and experimental study,Chem.Eng.Sci.(2007)2556-2575.
[34]J.R.Burns,J.N.Jamil,C.Ramshaw,Process intensification:Operating characteristics of rotating packed beds-determination of liquid hold-up for a high-voidage structured packing,Chem.Eng.Sci.(2000)2401-2415.
[35]F.Guo,C.Zheng,K.Guo,Y.Feng,N.C.Gardner,Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in cross-flow rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.Sci.52(1997)3853-3859.
[36]T.Y.Guo,CFD Study of Mass Transfer and Micro-mixing Efficiency within a Rotating Packed Bed Reactor,(Ph.D.Diss.)Beijing Univ.Chem.Technol,Beijing,China,2016(in Chinese).
[2]J.Edmonds,The potential role of CCS in climate stabilization,Proc.9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies.Washington,2008.
[3]Climate Change 2007-The Physical Science Basis:Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC.,Cambridge University Press,2007.
[4]Y.Tan,W.Nookuea,H.Li,E.Thorin,J.Yan,Property impacts on carbon capture and storage(CCS)processes:a review,Energy Convers.Manag.118(2016)204-222.
[5]Z.Ming,O.Shaojie,Z.Yingjie,S.Hui,CCS technology development in China:Status,problems and countermeasures-based on SWOT analysis,Renew.Sust.Energ.Rev.39(2014)604-616.
[6]B.Zhao,Y.Su,W.Tao,Mass transfer performance of CO2capture in rotating packed bed:Dimensionless modeling and intelligent prediction,Appl.Energy 136(2014)132-142.
[7]Y.Du,Y.Yuan,G.T.Rochelle,Capacity and absorption rate of tertiary and hindered amines blended with piperazine for CO2capture,Chem.Eng.Sci.155(2016)397-404.
[8]L.Wei,Z.Gao,Y.Jing,Y.Wang,Adsorption of CO2from simulated flue gas on pentaethylenehexamine-loaded mesoporous silica support adsorbent,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.52(2013)14965-14974.
[9]G.T.Rochelle,Amine scrubbing for CO2capture,Science 325(2009)1652-1654.
[10]T.Mattisson,A.Lyngfelt,P.Cho,The use of iron oxide as an oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion of methane with inherent separation of CO2,Fuel 80(2001)1953-1962.
[11]G.F.Versteeg,L.A.J.Van Dijck,W.P.M.Van Swaaij,On the kinetics between CO2and alkanolamines both in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions.An overview,Chem.Eng.Commun.144(1996)113-158.
[12]S.Munjal,M.P.Dudukovi?,P.Ramachandran,Mass-transfer in rotating packed beds-II.Experimental results and comparison with theory and gravity flow,Chem.Eng.Sci.44(1989)2257-2268.
[13]M.P.Kumar,D.P.Rao,Studies on a high-gravity gas-liquid contactor,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.29(1990)917-920.
[14]Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,Z.Q.Zhao,M.P.Dudukovic,J.F.Chen,Gas-liquid effective interfacial area in a rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.51(2012)16320-16325.
[15]N.Kolev,S.Nakov,L.Ljutzkanov,D.Kolev,Effective area of a highly efficient random packing,Chem.Eng.Process.Process Intensif.45(2006)429-436.
[16]S.Munjal,M.P.Dudukovi?,P.Ramachandran,Mass-transfer in rotating packed beds-I.Development of gas-liquid and liquid-solid mass-transfer correlations,Chem.Eng.Sci.44(1989)2245-2256.
[17]K.Yang,G.Chu,H.Zou,B.Sun,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Determination of the effective interfacial area in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.168(2011)1377-1382.
[18]K.Guo,Z.Z.Zhang,H.J.Luo,J.X.Dang,Z.Qian,An innovative approach of the effective mass transfer area in the rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.53(2014)4052-4058.
[19]Y.Luo,J.Z.Luo,G.W.Chu,Z.Q.Zhao,M.Arowo,J.F.Chen,Investigation of effective interfacial area in a rotating packed bed with structured stainless steel wire mesh packing,Chem.Eng.Sci.170(2016)347-354.
[20]Y.S.Chen,C.C.Lin,H.S.Liu,Mass transfer in a rotating packed bed with various radii of the bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.44(2005)7868-7875.
[21]Y.Yang,Y.Xiang,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,B.C.Sun,M.Arowo,J.F.Chen,CFD modeling of gas-liquid mass transfer process in a rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.294(2016)111-121.
[22]A.Chandra,P.S.Goswami,D.P.Rao,Characteristics of flow in a rotating packed bed(HIGEE)with split packing,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.44(2005)4051-4060.
[23]M.K.Shivhare,D.P.Rao,N.Kaistha,Mass transfer studies on split-packing and single-block packing rotating packed beds,Chem.Eng.Process.71(2013)115-124.
[24]Y.Liu,D.Gu,C.Xu,G.Qi,W.Jiao,Mass transfer characteristics in a rotating packed bed with split packing,Chin.J.Chem.Eng.23(2015)868-872.
[25]K.Guo,A Study on Liquid Flowing inside the Higee Rotor,(Ph.D.Diss.)Beijing Univ.Chem.Technol,Beijing,China,1996(in Chinese).
[26]K.Yang,G.Chu,H.Zou,B.Sun,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Determination of the effective interfacial area in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.168(2011)1377-1382.
[27]G.W.Chu,Y.Luo,Z.Y.Xing,Mass-transfer studies in a novel multi-liquid-inlet rotating packed bed,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.53(2014)18580-18584.
[28]F.Yi,H.K.Zou,G.W.Chu,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Modeling and experimental studies on absorption of CO2by Benfield solution in rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.J.145(2009)377-384.
[29]Y.W.Li,S.W.Wang,B.C.Sun,M.Arowo,H.K.Zou,J.F.Chen,Visual study of liquid flow in a rotor-stator reactor,Chem.Eng.Sci.134(2015)521-530.
[30]L.Sang,Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,J.P.Zhang,Y.Xiang,J.F.Chen,Liquid flow pattern transition,droplet diameter and size distribution in the cavity zone of a rotating packed bed:A visual study,Chem.Eng.Sci.158(2017)429-438.
[31]T.Ai,A.M.Mudassar,Z.Q.Cai,Z.M.Gao,Liquid dispersion and gas absorption in a multi-stage high-speed disperser,Chem.Eng.J.352(2018)704-715.
[32]Y.Luo,G.W.Chu,H.K.Zou,F.Wang,Y.Xiang,L.Shao,J.F.Chen,Mass transfer studies in a rotating packed bed with novel rotors:Chemisorption of CO2,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.51(2012)9164-9172.
[33]D.Darmana,R.L.B.Henket,N.G.Deen,J.A.M.Kuipers,Detailed modelling of hydrodynamics,mass transfer and chemical reactions in a bubble column using a discrete bubble model:chemisorption of CO2into NaOH solution,numerical and experimental study,Chem.Eng.Sci.(2007)2556-2575.
[34]J.R.Burns,J.N.Jamil,C.Ramshaw,Process intensification:Operating characteristics of rotating packed beds-determination of liquid hold-up for a high-voidage structured packing,Chem.Eng.Sci.(2000)2401-2415.
[35]F.Guo,C.Zheng,K.Guo,Y.Feng,N.C.Gardner,Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in cross-flow rotating packed bed,Chem.Eng.Sci.52(1997)3853-3859.
[36]T.Y.Guo,CFD Study of Mass Transfer and Micro-mixing Efficiency within a Rotating Packed Bed Reactor,(Ph.D.Diss.)Beijing Univ.Chem.Technol,Beijing,China,2016(in Chinese).