露天矿黏土-砂岩重塑混合体K0固结试验研究
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摘要
随着各类大型工程项目的不断开展,土石混合体逐渐受到工程界和学术界的广泛关注,同时,松散土石混合体也是组成露天煤矿排土场的基本岩体材料,排土场的稳定关系到矿山生产和生命财产安全。静止侧压力系数K0值是岩土工程中十分重要的参数,是研究土石混合体变形特征和应力状态的基础。试验选取安太堡露天矿黏土和砂岩,混合重塑,利用GDS三轴试验仪,分别进行了固结应力为100、200、500、1 000、2 000、4 000 k Pa下的K0固结试验,进而分析了黏土-砂岩混合体的固结变形特征和静止侧压系数K0变化规律。结果表明,随着固结应力的增加,黏土-砂岩混合体密度呈现幂指数增长,且增长速率逐渐减小;同时,压缩性逐渐降低,含石率50%的黏土-砂岩混合体压缩模量为7.778 MPa,属于中压缩性土;固结应力增加过程中,静止侧压系数K0先减小后趋于稳定。
With the continuous development of various large-scale projects,the clay-sandstone mixture has been widely concerned by engineering and academic community.At the same time,the loose earth-rock mixture is also the basic material that constitutes the dumping ground of open pit mines and the stability of the dumping site is related to mine production as well as life and property safety.The static side pressure coefficient K0 is an important parameter in geotechnical engineering and is the basis for studying the deformation characteristics and stress state of the clay-sandstone mixture.The clay and sandstone of Antaibao Open-Pit Mine were selected and mixed and the K0 Consolidation Tests under the conditions of consolidation stress of 100,200,500,1 000,2 000 and 4 000 k Pa were carried out respectively using GDS triaxial tester in order to study the consolidation deformation characteristics and coefficient K0 of clay-sandstone mixture.The results show that with the increase of consolidation stress,the density of clay-sandstone mixture increases exponentially and the growth rate decreases gradually and the compressibility decreases accordingly; the compressive modulus of clay-sandstone mixture containing 50% of rock is 7.778 MPa,which falls in the medium level compressive soil; and during the increase of consolidation stress,the K0 value decreases first and then stabilizes.
With the continuous development of various large-scale projects,the clay-sandstone mixture has been widely concerned by engineering and academic community.At the same time,the loose earth-rock mixture is also the basic material that constitutes the dumping ground of open pit mines and the stability of the dumping site is related to mine production as well as life and property safety.The static side pressure coefficient K0 is an important parameter in geotechnical engineering and is the basis for studying the deformation characteristics and stress state of the clay-sandstone mixture.The clay and sandstone of Antaibao Open-Pit Mine were selected and mixed and the K0 Consolidation Tests under the conditions of consolidation stress of 100,200,500,1 000,2 000 and 4 000 k Pa were carried out respectively using GDS triaxial tester in order to study the consolidation deformation characteristics and coefficient K0 of clay-sandstone mixture.The results show that with the increase of consolidation stress,the density of clay-sandstone mixture increases exponentially and the growth rate decreases gradually and the compressibility decreases accordingly; the compressive modulus of clay-sandstone mixture containing 50% of rock is 7.778 MPa,which falls in the medium level compressive soil; and during the increase of consolidation stress,the K0 value decreases first and then stabilizes.
引文
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[2]欧阳振华,李世海,戴志胜.块石对土石混合体力学性能的影响研究[J].实验力学,2010,25(1):61-67.OUYANG Zhenhua,LI Shihai,DAI Zhisheng.On the influence factors of mechanical properties for soil-rock mixture[J]Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2010,25(1):61-67.
[3]高谦,刘增辉,李欣,等.露天坑回填土石混合体的渗流特性及颗粒元数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(11):2342-2348.GAO Qian,LIU Zenghui,LI Xin,et al.Permeability characteristics of rock and soil aggregate of backfilling open-pit and particle element numerical analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(11):2342-2348.
[4]徐文杰.大型土石混合体滑坡空间效应与稳定性研究[J]岩土力学,2009,30(S2):328-333.XU Wenjie.Study of spatial effect and stability of large scale soilrock mixture landslide[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(S2):328-333.
[5]MEDLEY E.The engineering characterization of melanges and similar Rock-in-Mixtrix Rocks(Bimrocks)[D].Berkeley:University of California at Berkeley,1994.
[6]张东亮.地震作用下土石混合体边坡稳定性研究[D].成都:西华大学,2010.
[7]王宇,李晓,李守定,等.单轴压缩条件下土石混合体开裂特征研究[J]岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(S1):3541-3552.WANG Yu,LI Xiao,LI Shouding,et al.Cracking deformation characteristics for rock and soil aggregate under uniaxial compressive test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(S1):3541-3552.
[8]徐文杰,胡瑞林,岳中琦,等.基于数字图像分析及大型直剪试验的土石混合体块石含量与抗剪强度关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):996-1007.XU Wenjie,HU Ruilin,YUE Zhongqi,et al.Research on relationship between rock block proportion and shear strength of soil-rock mixtures based on digital image analysis and large direct shear test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):996-1007.
[9]薛亚东,岳磊,李硕标.含水率对土石混合体力学特性影响的试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(1):21-29.XUE Yadong,YUE Lei,LI Shuobiao.Experimental study on mechanical properties of soil-rock mixture containing water[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(1):21-29.
[10]金磊,曾亚武,李欢,等.基于不规则颗粒离散元的土石混合体大三轴数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(5):829-838.JIN Lei,ZENG Yawu,LI Huan,et al.Three limensional stochastic model of soil-rock mixture and its numerical experiments based on DEM of irregularly shaped particles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(5):829-838.
[11]刘家顺,王来贵,张向东,等.K0固结粉质黏土非共轴特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(S2):4205-4211.LIU Jiashun,WANG Laigui,ZHANG Xiangdong,et al.Experimental study on non-coaxial characteristics of K0 consolidation saturated silty clay[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(S2):4205-4211.
[12]王立忠,但汉波.K0固结软黏土的弹黏塑性本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1344-1354.WANG Lizhong,DAN Hanbo.Elastic visco-plastic constitutive model for K0-consolidated soft clays[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(9):1344-1354.
[13]王欢,程鹏,纪文栋,等不同加载速率下碱渣K0固结试验研究[J]水道港口,2016,37(2):193-197.WANG Huan,CHENG Peng,JI Wendong,et al.Study on K0 consolidation of soda residue with different loading rates[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2016,37(2):193-197.
[14]李校兵,郭林,蔡袁强,等.K0固结饱和软黏土的三轴应力路径试验研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(5):1820-1825.LI Xiaobing,GUO Lin,CAI Yuanqiang,et al.Stress path triaxial tests on K0-consolidated saturated soft clay[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2015,46(5):1820-1825.
[15]王艳芳,周治刚,蔡燕燕.基于K0固结条件的淤泥土排水蠕变特性试验研究[J].南水北调与水利科技,2017,15(3):139-144.WANG Yanfang,ZHOU Zhigang,CAI Yanyan.Drained creep characteristic of silt soil based on K0 consolidation[J].Southto-North Water Transfers and Water Science and Technology,2017,15(3):139-144.
[16]WANG Y,LI X,ZHENG B.Stress-strain behavior of soil-rock mixture at medium strain rates-response to seismic dynamic loading[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2017,93(S2):7-17.
[17]蒋爱辞.基于离散元的土石混合料动力特性分析[D].郑州:郑州大学,2010.