甘薯2种新入侵有害生物的防控研究
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摘要
为明确甘薯基部腐烂病害的病原菌与发病原因,2015—2017年开展甘薯病害调查取样、病原菌鉴定与防治试验。结果表明,台州甘薯基部腐烂病主要由甘薯茎腐病菌(Dickeya dadantii)与甘薯基腐病菌(Phomopsis destruens)等病原菌侵染引起,甘薯基腐病又是一种新发现的病害。简述了2种病害的症状特征、病原菌形态、侵染途径及病害发生特点,提出了加强植物检疫、建立健康种苗制度、水旱轮作和薯田淹水、清洁田园和化学药剂预防等综合防控措施,以及加大经费投入,加强区域协作,构建生物安全防御体系,开展新入侵甘薯病害致病成因等研究的建议,以期为有效防控2种甘薯病害提供参考。
The foot rot disease(FRD) on sweet potato is a newly discovered one. A study was carried out to identify the pathogenic bacteria leading to FRD on sweet potato. This study involved the pathogenic bacteria identification, occurrence regularity investigation, as well as the control tests over a period from 2015 to 2017.Results obtained showed that FRD on sweet potato grown in Taizhou was attributable to the intrusive infection of two species: stem rot bacteria(Dickeya dadantii) and foot rot bacteria(Phomopsis destruens). Also, the distribution, symptom identification, pathogen morphology, invasion path and occurring characteristics of the two diseases were observed and investigated in detail. Some measures were put forward, which included strengthening plant quarantine, establishing seedling system, conducting paddy and drought rotation in field,flooding sweet potato field, farmland cleanliness and chemical prevention. In addition, it was suggested to increase the economic support, carry out the selection of resistance genes in pathogens, cultivate resistant group, and explore the causes of new invasive diseases. Hopefully, all these suggestions could provide a reference for controlling the two sweet potato diseases effectively.
The foot rot disease(FRD) on sweet potato is a newly discovered one. A study was carried out to identify the pathogenic bacteria leading to FRD on sweet potato. This study involved the pathogenic bacteria identification, occurrence regularity investigation, as well as the control tests over a period from 2015 to 2017.Results obtained showed that FRD on sweet potato grown in Taizhou was attributable to the intrusive infection of two species: stem rot bacteria(Dickeya dadantii) and foot rot bacteria(Phomopsis destruens). Also, the distribution, symptom identification, pathogen morphology, invasion path and occurring characteristics of the two diseases were observed and investigated in detail. Some measures were put forward, which included strengthening plant quarantine, establishing seedling system, conducting paddy and drought rotation in field,flooding sweet potato field, farmland cleanliness and chemical prevention. In addition, it was suggested to increase the economic support, carry out the selection of resistance genes in pathogens, cultivate resistant group, and explore the causes of new invasive diseases. Hopefully, all these suggestions could provide a reference for controlling the two sweet potato diseases effectively.
引文
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[2]马代夫,李强,曹清河,等.中国甘薯产业及产业技术的发展与展望[J].江苏农业学报,2012,28(5):969-973.
[3]沈肖玲,林钗,钱俊婷,等.甘薯茎腐病症状及其病原鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2017,47(4):1-13.
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[14]黄立飞,罗忠霞,邓铭光,等.甘薯新病害茎腐病的识别与防治[J].广东农业科学,2011(7):95-96.
[15]Tian Y L,Zhao Y Q,Yuan X L,et al.Dickeya fangzhongda sp.nov.,a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pear tree(Pyrus pyrifolia)[J].International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2016,66(8):2831-2835.
[16]John M,Stephane G,Shimpei M,et al.Top 10 plant pathogenic bacteria in molecular plant pathology[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2012,13(6):614-629.
[17]王玉4).台湾北部甘薯基腐病及干腐病之研究[D].台北:台湾大学,2014.
[18]黄巧雯.由Phomopsis destruens引起之甘薯基腐病[J].台湾植物病理学会刊,2013,21(1):47-52.
[19]Clark C A,wilder-Ayers J A,Duarte V.Resistance of sweet potato to bacterial root and stem rot caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi[J].Plant Disease,1989,73:984-987.
[20]王玉菊,祁红英,郭坚华.植物土传病害的微生物防治研究进展[J].世界农业,1995(1):37-39.
[21]黄巧雯,杨宏仁,林静宜,等.甘薯基腐病防治药剂筛选[J].台湾农业研究,2017,66(1):31-33.
[22]刘伟明,黄立飞,何贤彪,等.甘薯茎基部腐烂病防控技术研究[J].农学学报,2017,7(10):19-24.
[23]游加兴.叶用甘薯根茎腐病之研究[D].台北:台湾大学,2008.
[24]Duarte V,Clark C A.Presence on sweet potato through the growing season of Erwinia chrysanthemi,cause of stem and root rot[J].Plant Disease,1992,76:67-71.
[25]郑涛,黄培堂,沈倍奋.当前国际生物安全形势与展望[J].军事医学,2012,36(10):721-724.
[26]郑涛,叶玲玲,李晓倩,等.美国等发达国家生物监测预警能力的发展现状及启示[J].中国工程科学,2017,19(2):122-125.
[27]黄培堂,郑涛.强化生物安全发展战略研究,构建完整的生物防御体系[J].军事医学,2014,38(2):81-82.
[28]范晓虹,李尉民.保护我国生物安全的检疫对策研究[J].生物多样性,2001,9(4):439-445.
[29]赵勇,张文斗,刘元东.新时期军队重大疫情防控形势分析及其建议[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2016,34(5):633-635,641.
[30]房彤宇,刘术,柳卸林.国际生物防御科技前沿热点与我国未来发展思考[J].军事医学,2018,42(2):81-85.
[2]马代夫,李强,曹清河,等.中国甘薯产业及产业技术的发展与展望[J].江苏农业学报,2012,28(5):969-973.
[3]沈肖玲,林钗,钱俊婷,等.甘薯茎腐病症状及其病原鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2017,47(4):1-13.
[4]黄巧雯,杨宏仁,林静宜,等.甘薯基腐病菌Phomopsis destruens生理特性及防治技術研究[J].台湾农业研究,2016,65(1):45-53.
[5]Schaad N W,Brenner D.A bacterial wilt and root rot of sweet potato caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi[J].Phytopathology,1977,67:302-308.
[6]张敏荣,余继华,卢璐,等.台州新发现甘薯茎腐病[J].植物检疫,2016,30(3):84-86.
[7]黄立飞,罗忠霞,房伯平,等.甘薯茎腐病的研究进展[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):118-122.
[8]方树民.福建省部分地区发生甘薯细菌性黑腐病[J].植物保护,1991,17(5):52.
[9]Huang Lifei,Fang Boping,Luo Zhongxia,et al.First report of bacterial stem and root rot of sweet potato caused by a Dickeya sp.(Erwinia chrysanthemi)in China[J].Plant Disease,20l0,94(12):1503.
[10]高波,王容燕,马娟,等.河北省甘薯茎腐病研究初报[J].植物保护,2015,41(3):119-122.
[11]陈放,曹毅,林宏辉,等.建立我国生物安全防御体系战略设想及应对措施[J].决策咨询通讯,2004,15(1):22-24.
[12]黄立飞,罗忠霞,房伯平,等.我国甘薯新病害——茎腐病的研究初报[J].植物病理学报,2011,41(1):18-23.
[13]秦素研,黄立飞,葛昌斌,等.河南省甘薯茎腐病的分离与鉴定[J].作物杂志,2013(6):52-55.
[14]黄立飞,罗忠霞,邓铭光,等.甘薯新病害茎腐病的识别与防治[J].广东农业科学,2011(7):95-96.
[15]Tian Y L,Zhao Y Q,Yuan X L,et al.Dickeya fangzhongda sp.nov.,a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pear tree(Pyrus pyrifolia)[J].International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2016,66(8):2831-2835.
[16]John M,Stephane G,Shimpei M,et al.Top 10 plant pathogenic bacteria in molecular plant pathology[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2012,13(6):614-629.
[17]王玉4).台湾北部甘薯基腐病及干腐病之研究[D].台北:台湾大学,2014.
[18]黄巧雯.由Phomopsis destruens引起之甘薯基腐病[J].台湾植物病理学会刊,2013,21(1):47-52.
[19]Clark C A,wilder-Ayers J A,Duarte V.Resistance of sweet potato to bacterial root and stem rot caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi[J].Plant Disease,1989,73:984-987.
[20]王玉菊,祁红英,郭坚华.植物土传病害的微生物防治研究进展[J].世界农业,1995(1):37-39.
[21]黄巧雯,杨宏仁,林静宜,等.甘薯基腐病防治药剂筛选[J].台湾农业研究,2017,66(1):31-33.
[22]刘伟明,黄立飞,何贤彪,等.甘薯茎基部腐烂病防控技术研究[J].农学学报,2017,7(10):19-24.
[23]游加兴.叶用甘薯根茎腐病之研究[D].台北:台湾大学,2008.
[24]Duarte V,Clark C A.Presence on sweet potato through the growing season of Erwinia chrysanthemi,cause of stem and root rot[J].Plant Disease,1992,76:67-71.
[25]郑涛,黄培堂,沈倍奋.当前国际生物安全形势与展望[J].军事医学,2012,36(10):721-724.
[26]郑涛,叶玲玲,李晓倩,等.美国等发达国家生物监测预警能力的发展现状及启示[J].中国工程科学,2017,19(2):122-125.
[27]黄培堂,郑涛.强化生物安全发展战略研究,构建完整的生物防御体系[J].军事医学,2014,38(2):81-82.
[28]范晓虹,李尉民.保护我国生物安全的检疫对策研究[J].生物多样性,2001,9(4):439-445.
[29]赵勇,张文斗,刘元东.新时期军队重大疫情防控形势分析及其建议[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2016,34(5):633-635,641.
[30]房彤宇,刘术,柳卸林.国际生物防御科技前沿热点与我国未来发展思考[J].军事医学,2018,42(2):81-85.