摘要
为了有效利用金属氧化物避雷器(metal oxide surge arrester,简称MOA)进行线路雷电防护,需要准确分析避雷器结构参数对雷击能量与电场的影响。本文利用COMSOL软件建立110kV MOA模型,介绍其材料参数设置及求解方法,对MOA模型进行仿真冲击,并与试验数据进行对比。最后分析避雷器电阻芯直径和高度、绝缘层介电常数和厚度对避雷器吸收能量和电场强度的影响。分析结果表明:COMSOL中建立的MOA模型仿真数据与试验结果较为一致,能较好反映其在雷电流冲击下的响应特性。电阻芯直径越大,避雷器吸收的雷电冲击能量越少;电阻芯高度越高,避雷器吸收的雷电冲击能量越多。绝缘层介电常数的提高和厚度的增加降低了避雷器内部最大电场强度。可以通过有限元法提高避雷器雷电防护参数设计针对性与准确性。
In order to effectively use the metal oxide surge arrester(MOA) for lightning protection of the line, it is necessary to accurately analyze the influence of the structural parameters of the arrester on the lightning energy and the electric field. Simulation model of the 110 kV MO A is established based on COMSOL, material properties and computation method are also introduced. Simulation results under lightning surge are compared with the experimental results. Effects of height and diameter of the ZnO blocks on MOA energy absorption as well as dielectric constant and thickness of the insulation layer on electric field intensity are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn that: simulation model in COMSOL presents good accuracy with the experimental results. Energy absorbed by the MOA increases with the increasing of ZnO blocks height, while deceases with increasing of the ZnO blocks diameter. Electric field intensity in the MOA decreases with the increasing of dielectric constant and thickness of the insulation layer. Virtual testing by means of FEM is effective to verify the performance of the MOA.
引文
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