电磁资料在柴达木盆地东部地区石炭系勘探中的应用
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摘要
以柴达木盆地东部新采集的电磁资料为基础,同时以钻井、地震资料为约束,结合其他勘探资料、重力资料进行柴东地区石炭系综合研究、联合解释。研究过程中,首先对电磁资料进行了前期的预处理和反演,主要采用了一维Bostick反演、一维连续介质反演、二维共轭梯度反演、二维连续介质反演及最优化电性分层等反演技术;而后通过对电磁资料进行联合解释和综合研究,得出了柴达木盆地东部石炭系厚度图、石炭系埋深图等柴东地区综合研究成果;最后利用上述研究成果预测了柴达木盆地东部石炭系含油气有利区带,并且进一步针对柴达木盆地东部石炭系勘探提出了有意义的结论和建议。
Carboniferous formation in the eastern Qaidam Basin belongs to a new area and new strata and lack of data on well and seismic, so processing and interpretation of electromagnetic data must be valued. New Electromagnetic data in eastern Qaidam Basin was used as the center,constrained with drilling and seismic data,and combined with other exploration data,gravity data to do comprehensive research and joint interpretation in this area. Firstly the electromagnetic data was pre-processing and inversed,mainly using the one-dimensional Bostick inversion,one-dimensional continuous medium inversion, two-dimensional conjugate gradient inversion, 2D continuous medium inversion and optimization of electric-layered inversion technique. Then the electromagnetic data and other data was comprehensively interpreted and researched,thus get some comprehensive research results such as Carboniferous thickness map,Carboniferous buried-depth map,so as to effectively predict the oil traps in eastern Qaidam Basin. At last, some conclusions and recommendations were advised in the Carboniferous exploration of Eastern Qaidam Basin.
Carboniferous formation in the eastern Qaidam Basin belongs to a new area and new strata and lack of data on well and seismic, so processing and interpretation of electromagnetic data must be valued. New Electromagnetic data in eastern Qaidam Basin was used as the center,constrained with drilling and seismic data,and combined with other exploration data,gravity data to do comprehensive research and joint interpretation in this area. Firstly the electromagnetic data was pre-processing and inversed,mainly using the one-dimensional Bostick inversion,one-dimensional continuous medium inversion, two-dimensional conjugate gradient inversion, 2D continuous medium inversion and optimization of electric-layered inversion technique. Then the electromagnetic data and other data was comprehensively interpreted and researched,thus get some comprehensive research results such as Carboniferous thickness map,Carboniferous buried-depth map,so as to effectively predict the oil traps in eastern Qaidam Basin. At last, some conclusions and recommendations were advised in the Carboniferous exploration of Eastern Qaidam Basin.
引文
[1]马寅生,尹成明,刘成林,等.柴达木盆地石炭系油气资源调查评价进展[J].地球学报,2012,33(2):135~144.MA Yin-sheng,YIN Cheng-ming,LIU Cheng-lin,et al.The progress of Carboniferous oil and gas investigation and assessment in Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2012,33(2):135~144.
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[4]张守仁,曹代勇,戴俊生,等.柴达木盆地北缘块断带的扭动构造与阿尔金构造体系的关系[J].大地构造与成矿学,2000,24(3):218~223.ZHANG Shou-ren,CAO Dai-yong,DAI Junsheng,et al.Relationship between the wrench structure in the north-margin block-faulting belt in the Qaidam basin and Altun tectonic system[J].GEOTECTONICA ET METALLOGENIA,2000,24(3):218~223.
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[10]刘成林,马寅生,周刚,等.柴达木盆地石炭系生烃证据[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):925~931.LIU Cheng-lin,MA Yin-sheng,ZHOU Gang,et al.Evidence for the Carboniferous hydrocarbon generation in Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(6):925~931.
[11]张建良,钟建华,李亚辉,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系石油地质条件及油气勘探前景[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(2):144~149.ZHANG Jian-liang,ZHONH Jian-hua,LI Ya-hui,et al.Petroleum Geologic Conditions And Exploration Prospects Of Carboniferous In The East Of Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geology And Experiment,2008,30(2):144~149.
[12]商琳,戴俊生,王彤达,等.基于新钻井对柴达木盆地东部石炭系分布及控制因素的再认识[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(2):25~31.SHANG Lin,DAI Jun-sheng,WANG Tong-da,et al.New study on Carboniferous stratigraphic distribution and controlling factors in the eastern Qaidam Basin based on new drilling data[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2014,38(2):25~31.
[13]葛岩,刘成林,谢英刚,等.柴达木盆地石炭系油气勘探前景[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(2):57~61.GE Yan,LIU Cheng-lin,XIE Lin-gang,et al.Exploration Potential of Carboniferous in Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(2):57~61.
[14]曾庆猛,刘成林,张贵斌,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系地震层速度求取方法的研究[J].地学前缘,2016,23(5):176~183.ZENG Qing-meng,LIU Cheng-lin,ZHANG Gui-bin.Calculation of Carboniferous seismic interval velocity in eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2016,23(5):176~183.
[15]何展翔,孟翠贤,王财富,等.电磁法技术及其在柴达木盆地的勘探成效[A].中国地球物理学会.中国地球物理学会年刊2002——中国地球物理学会第十八届年会论文集[C].中国地球物理学会:,2002:2.HE Zhan-xiang,MENG Cui-xian,WANG Cai-fu,et al.Electronmagentic Technology and Exploration Results in Qaidam Basin[A].Chinese Geophysical Society.The Annual China Geophysical Society 2002——The 18th Meeting Memoir of Chinese Geophysical Society[C].Chinese Geophysical Society:,2002:2.
[16]林存国,王财富,徐凤银,等.综合物化探技术在柴达木盆地的应用[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(6):64~70.LIN Cun-guo,WANG Cai-fu,XU Feng-yin,et al.Application of Integrated Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Techniques in Qaidam Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2006,11(6):64~70.
[17]阳红.综合电磁法技术研究及其应用效果[D].成都理工大学,2012.YANG Hong.Comprehensive Technology Research and Application Effect of Electronmagentic Method[D].Chengdu University of Technology,2012.
[18]李爱勇,柳建新,朱春生,等.大地电磁测深在桂中坳陷油气勘探中的应用[J].物探与化探,2012,36(1):8~12.LI Ai-yong,LIU Jian-xin,ZHU Chun-sheng,et al.The Application of Magnetotelluric Sounding to Oil and Gas Exploration in Central Guangxi Depression[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(1):8~12.
[19]李智宏.电磁勘探方法技术进展[A].美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG).油气地球物理技术新进展——第77届SEG年会论文概要[C].美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG):,2007:11.LI Zhi-hong.Progress in Electronmagentic Technology[A].SEG.New Progress in Petroleum Geophysics——the 77th SEG Annual Meeting Brief[C].SEG:,2007:11.
[20]何展翔.电磁勘探技术的发展机遇与挑战[A].中国地球物理学会(Chinese Geophysical Society)、中国地震学会.中国地球物理2010——中国地球物理学会第二十六届年会、中国地震学会第十三次学术大会论文集[C].中国地球物理学会(Chinese Geophysical Society)、中国地震学会,2010:2.HE Zhan-xiang.Development opportunities and challenges of Electromagentic[C]//Chinese Geophysical Society,Chinese Seismological Society.Chinese Geophysical 2010:the 26th Annual Meeting of Chinese Geophysical Society,the 23th Meeting Memoir of Chinese Seismological Society[C].Chinese Geophysical Society,Chinese Seismological Society,2010:2.
[21]孙卫斌,宋群会,郑莉,等.大地电磁测深技术发展及在油气勘探的应用[C]//中国地质学会.资源、环境与工程电法勘探方法技术交流会论文集.中国地质学会,2003:7.SUN Wei-bing,SONG Qun-hui,ZHENG Li,et al.The Development of MT Sounding Technique and its Application to The Oil And Gas Exploration[C]//GEOLOGY AND PROSPECTING.Resource Environment and Engineer Electric Exploration Method Meeting Memoir[C].GEOLOGY AND PROSPECTING:,2003:7.
[22]李亭亭.垂直线源井地电磁法一维正演及勘探深度研究[D].吉林大学,2013.LI Ting-ting.Research on 1-D Forward Modeling and Investigation Depth of Borehole-surface Electromagnetic Method by Vertical Line Source[D].Jilin University,2013.
[23]张建国,武欣,赵海涛,等.时间域电磁勘探数据的模拟退火法反演研究[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(1):220~225.ZHANG Jian-guo,WU Xin,ZHAO Hai-tao,et al.A Simulated Annealing Method for Time-domain Electromagnetic Survey Data Inversion[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2015,37(1):220~225.
[24]刘宏,刘东琴,杨轮凯,等.连续电磁剖面法在山前带勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(5):492~496.LIU Hong,LIU Dong-qin,YANG Lun-kai,et al.Application of continuous electromagnetic profiling in exploration in foothill belt[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(5):492~496.
[25]何长文,邵敏,何展翔.三维电磁技术研究与应用新进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,11(3):130~134.HE Chang-wen,SHAO Ming,HE Zhan-xiang.New Progress in 3D Electromagnetic Technology[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,11(3):130~134.
[2]汤良杰,金之钧,戴俊生,等.柴达木盆地及相邻造山带区域断裂系统[J].地球科学,2002,27(6):676~682.TANG Liang-jie,JIN Zhi-jun,DAI Jun-sheng,et al.Regional fault systems of Qaidam Basin and adjacent orogenic belts[J].Earth Science,2002,27(6):676~682.
[3]马金龙,李凤君,贾庆军.柴达木盆地北部碰撞构造与盆地改造变形[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(4):291~295,300.MA Jin-long,LI Feng-jun,JIA Qing-jun.Collisional structures and basinal Deformation in the North Qaidam Basin[J].Experime-ntal Petroleum Geology,2002,24(4):291~295,300.
[4]张守仁,曹代勇,戴俊生,等.柴达木盆地北缘块断带的扭动构造与阿尔金构造体系的关系[J].大地构造与成矿学,2000,24(3):218~223.ZHANG Shou-ren,CAO Dai-yong,DAI Junsheng,et al.Relationship between the wrench structure in the north-margin block-faulting belt in the Qaidam basin and Altun tectonic system[J].GEOTECTONICA ET METALLOGENIA,2000,24(3):218~223.
[5]付锁堂,马达德,郭召杰等.柴达木走滑叠合盆地及其控油气作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):712~722.DOI:10.11698/PED.2015.06.03.Fu Suo-tang,Ma Da-de,GUO Shao-jie,et al.Strike-slip superimposed Qaidam Basin and its control on oil and gas accumulation,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(6):712~722.DOI:10.11698/PED.2015.06.03.
[6]李守军,张洪.柴达木盆地石炭系地层特征与分布[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(1):1~4.LI Shou-jun,ZHANG Hong.Characteristics and distribution of the Carboniferous strata in the Qaidam basin,china[J].Geological Science And Technology Information,2000,19(1):1~4.
[7]万传治,乐幸福,陈迎宾.柴达木盆地东部地区石炭系分布规律与生烃潜力评价[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):663~667.WAN Chuan-zhi,LE Xing-fu,CHEN Ying-bin.Distribution Laws And Evaluation Of Hydrocarbon Potential On Carboniferous In The East Of Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):663~667.
[8]于会娟,刘洛夫,赵磊.柴达木盆地东部地区古生界烃源岩研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(4):24~29.YU Hui-juan,LIU Luo-fu,ZHAO Lei.Study on Source Rocks of Palaeozoic in the Eastern Qaidm Basin[J].Journal Of The University Of Petroleum,CHINA,2001,25(4):24~29.
[9]刘洛夫.柴达木盆地东部地区烃源岩的生源与沉积环境[J].古地理学报,2001,3(2):82~91.LIU Luo-fu.Sedimentary Environments Of Source Rocks In The Eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Journal Of Palaeogeography,2001,3(2):82~91.
[10]刘成林,马寅生,周刚,等.柴达木盆地石炭系生烃证据[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):925~931.LIU Cheng-lin,MA Yin-sheng,ZHOU Gang,et al.Evidence for the Carboniferous hydrocarbon generation in Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(6):925~931.
[11]张建良,钟建华,李亚辉,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系石油地质条件及油气勘探前景[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(2):144~149.ZHANG Jian-liang,ZHONH Jian-hua,LI Ya-hui,et al.Petroleum Geologic Conditions And Exploration Prospects Of Carboniferous In The East Of Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geology And Experiment,2008,30(2):144~149.
[12]商琳,戴俊生,王彤达,等.基于新钻井对柴达木盆地东部石炭系分布及控制因素的再认识[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(2):25~31.SHANG Lin,DAI Jun-sheng,WANG Tong-da,et al.New study on Carboniferous stratigraphic distribution and controlling factors in the eastern Qaidam Basin based on new drilling data[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2014,38(2):25~31.
[13]葛岩,刘成林,谢英刚,等.柴达木盆地石炭系油气勘探前景[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(2):57~61.GE Yan,LIU Cheng-lin,XIE Lin-gang,et al.Exploration Potential of Carboniferous in Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(2):57~61.
[14]曾庆猛,刘成林,张贵斌,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系地震层速度求取方法的研究[J].地学前缘,2016,23(5):176~183.ZENG Qing-meng,LIU Cheng-lin,ZHANG Gui-bin.Calculation of Carboniferous seismic interval velocity in eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2016,23(5):176~183.
[15]何展翔,孟翠贤,王财富,等.电磁法技术及其在柴达木盆地的勘探成效[A].中国地球物理学会.中国地球物理学会年刊2002——中国地球物理学会第十八届年会论文集[C].中国地球物理学会:,2002:2.HE Zhan-xiang,MENG Cui-xian,WANG Cai-fu,et al.Electronmagentic Technology and Exploration Results in Qaidam Basin[A].Chinese Geophysical Society.The Annual China Geophysical Society 2002——The 18th Meeting Memoir of Chinese Geophysical Society[C].Chinese Geophysical Society:,2002:2.
[16]林存国,王财富,徐凤银,等.综合物化探技术在柴达木盆地的应用[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(6):64~70.LIN Cun-guo,WANG Cai-fu,XU Feng-yin,et al.Application of Integrated Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Techniques in Qaidam Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2006,11(6):64~70.
[17]阳红.综合电磁法技术研究及其应用效果[D].成都理工大学,2012.YANG Hong.Comprehensive Technology Research and Application Effect of Electronmagentic Method[D].Chengdu University of Technology,2012.
[18]李爱勇,柳建新,朱春生,等.大地电磁测深在桂中坳陷油气勘探中的应用[J].物探与化探,2012,36(1):8~12.LI Ai-yong,LIU Jian-xin,ZHU Chun-sheng,et al.The Application of Magnetotelluric Sounding to Oil and Gas Exploration in Central Guangxi Depression[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(1):8~12.
[19]李智宏.电磁勘探方法技术进展[A].美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG).油气地球物理技术新进展——第77届SEG年会论文概要[C].美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG):,2007:11.LI Zhi-hong.Progress in Electronmagentic Technology[A].SEG.New Progress in Petroleum Geophysics——the 77th SEG Annual Meeting Brief[C].SEG:,2007:11.
[20]何展翔.电磁勘探技术的发展机遇与挑战[A].中国地球物理学会(Chinese Geophysical Society)、中国地震学会.中国地球物理2010——中国地球物理学会第二十六届年会、中国地震学会第十三次学术大会论文集[C].中国地球物理学会(Chinese Geophysical Society)、中国地震学会,2010:2.HE Zhan-xiang.Development opportunities and challenges of Electromagentic[C]//Chinese Geophysical Society,Chinese Seismological Society.Chinese Geophysical 2010:the 26th Annual Meeting of Chinese Geophysical Society,the 23th Meeting Memoir of Chinese Seismological Society[C].Chinese Geophysical Society,Chinese Seismological Society,2010:2.
[21]孙卫斌,宋群会,郑莉,等.大地电磁测深技术发展及在油气勘探的应用[C]//中国地质学会.资源、环境与工程电法勘探方法技术交流会论文集.中国地质学会,2003:7.SUN Wei-bing,SONG Qun-hui,ZHENG Li,et al.The Development of MT Sounding Technique and its Application to The Oil And Gas Exploration[C]//GEOLOGY AND PROSPECTING.Resource Environment and Engineer Electric Exploration Method Meeting Memoir[C].GEOLOGY AND PROSPECTING:,2003:7.
[22]李亭亭.垂直线源井地电磁法一维正演及勘探深度研究[D].吉林大学,2013.LI Ting-ting.Research on 1-D Forward Modeling and Investigation Depth of Borehole-surface Electromagnetic Method by Vertical Line Source[D].Jilin University,2013.
[23]张建国,武欣,赵海涛,等.时间域电磁勘探数据的模拟退火法反演研究[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(1):220~225.ZHANG Jian-guo,WU Xin,ZHAO Hai-tao,et al.A Simulated Annealing Method for Time-domain Electromagnetic Survey Data Inversion[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2015,37(1):220~225.
[24]刘宏,刘东琴,杨轮凯,等.连续电磁剖面法在山前带勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(5):492~496.LIU Hong,LIU Dong-qin,YANG Lun-kai,et al.Application of continuous electromagnetic profiling in exploration in foothill belt[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(5):492~496.
[25]何长文,邵敏,何展翔.三维电磁技术研究与应用新进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,11(3):130~134.HE Chang-wen,SHAO Ming,HE Zhan-xiang.New Progress in 3D Electromagnetic Technology[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,11(3):130~134.