澳大利亚对残疾学生教育经费投入的改革及启示
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摘要
近年来,澳大利亚联邦政府主要通过"优质学校项目"和"全国残疾人保障计划"两项举措,对残疾学生的教育经费投入进行改革。"优质学校项目"是中小学校的经费改革项目,从个体需求出发,主要在于教育投入经费的稳健增长以及重视经费的监管。"全国残疾人保障计划"是对残疾人的长期资助项目,关注按需选择资助服务、与学校合作资助学生、提供长期教育资助和资助残疾人的家人及生活照料者。总结这两个项目中对残疾学生教育经费投入的改革举措,发现它们均存在融合性、个别化、循证性和协作性的特点,这为完善我国残疾学生的教育经费投入体制提供了启示。
Recent years, the Australian federal government has reformed its funding system for students with disabilities through QSP and NDIS initiatives QSP is an educational funding program for primary and secondary schools Its impact on special education lies in needs-based funding, growing funding, and emphasis on supervision and management of the funding NDIS is a long-term funding scheme The main impact of NDIS on special education are needs-based funding, cooperation with schools, longterm educational funding, and funding families and carers of people with disabilities Summarizing the two reforms on educational funding for students with disabilities, we find that they both have the characteristics of inclusion, individualization, evidence-based and cooperative, which could enlighten China's educational funding for students with disabilities
Recent years, the Australian federal government has reformed its funding system for students with disabilities through QSP and NDIS initiatives QSP is an educational funding program for primary and secondary schools Its impact on special education lies in needs-based funding, growing funding, and emphasis on supervision and management of the funding NDIS is a long-term funding scheme The main impact of NDIS on special education are needs-based funding, cooperation with schools, longterm educational funding, and funding families and carers of people with disabilities Summarizing the two reforms on educational funding for students with disabilities, we find that they both have the characteristics of inclusion, individualization, evidence-based and cooperative, which could enlighten China's educational funding for students with disabilities
引文
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[17]汪斯斯,刑芸?人力资本视角下的残疾人教育成本和教育收益分析?中国特殊教育,2016,193(7):3-11?
[18]彭霞光?随班就读支持保障体系建设初探?中国特殊教育,2014,173(11):3-7?
[19]黄辛隐,张锐,邢延清?71例自闭症儿童的家庭需求及发展支持调查?中国特殊教育,2009,113(11):43-46?
[20]熊妮娜,杨丽,于洋,等?孤独症、肢体残疾、智力残疾儿童家庭经济负担调查?中国康复理论与实践,2010,16(8):785-788?
[21]谷长芬,陈耀红,王蕊,等?北京市0-7岁残疾儿童家庭需求调查研究?中国特殊教育,2010,124(10):7-11?
[22]尹银?残疾对家庭的影响与对策研究--基于“北京市残疾人服务需求”调查?兰州学刊,2013,09:87-92?