基于欧拉—拉格朗日模式的风沙跃移数值模拟方法
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摘要
通过对沙粒的起动过程以及粒床相互作用机理进行参数化处理,利用计算流体力学方法与离散动力学模拟对风场和沙粒进行耦合迭代,建立了基于欧拉—拉格朗日模式的、适用于研究风沙流二维特征的风沙跃移数值模型。通过模拟沙粒集团以及单颗沙粒跃移运动的随机特征,有效描述了风沙流垂向以及沿程变化规律,并且能够输出任意时刻每颗沙粒的空间位置、速度和加速度等信息。输沙通量的空间分布与现场观测实验数据有较高的吻合度,摩阻风速和风速廓线两个宏观物理量的变化情况与风沙流形成和发展的物理实际相符,说明了本数值模型和计算方法的合理性。
Based on parameterizing the lift-off process of sand particles and the sand-bed interaction,we derived an Euler-Lagrangian numerical model of saltation using Computational Fluid Dynamics and discrete dynamical model to describe the windsand coupling,which applies for two-dimensional simulation of saltation.With stochastic simulation of sand group and each single particle's saltation,the model could properly descibe the wind-sand flow's feature during upward and leeward.It could also export the position,velocity and acceleration of each sand particle at any simulation time.The sand transport flux distribution matches Namikas' s observation well.And the friction velocity and velocity profile are coincide with reality,which together indicate the correction of our model and computational method.
Based on parameterizing the lift-off process of sand particles and the sand-bed interaction,we derived an Euler-Lagrangian numerical model of saltation using Computational Fluid Dynamics and discrete dynamical model to describe the windsand coupling,which applies for two-dimensional simulation of saltation.With stochastic simulation of sand group and each single particle's saltation,the model could properly descibe the wind-sand flow's feature during upward and leeward.It could also export the position,velocity and acceleration of each sand particle at any simulation time.The sand transport flux distribution matches Namikas' s observation well.And the friction velocity and velocity profile are coincide with reality,which together indicate the correction of our model and computational method.
引文
Anderson R S,Haff P K.1991.Wind modification and bed response during saltation of sand in air[J].Acta Mechanica,1(S1):21-25.
Bagnold R A.1941.The physics of blown sand and desert dunes[M].London:Methun.
顾兆林.2010.风扬粉尘-近地层湍流与气固两相流[M].北京:科学出版社.Gu Z L.2010.Wind and dust-near-surface turbulence and gas-solid two-phase flow[M].Beijing:Science Press.
Kang L Q,Guo L J.2006.Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation of aeolian sand transport[J].Powder Technol,162(2):111-119.
Kang L Q,Guo L J,Liu D Y.2008.Reconstructing the vertical distribution of the aeolian saltation mass flux based on the probability distribution of lift-off velocity[J].Geomorphol,96(1-2):1-15.
李万清,周又和,郑晓静.2006.风沙跃移运动发展过程的离散动力学模拟[J].中国沙漠,26(1):47-53.Li W Q,Zhou Y H,Zheng X J.2006.Discrete dynamics simulation on developing process of aeolian sand saltation[J].J Desert Res,26(1):47-53.(in Chinese)
Namikas S L.2003.Field measurement and numerical modelling of aeolian mass flux distributions on a sandy beach[J].Sedimentol,50(2):303-326.
Ottjes J A.1978.Digital simulation of pneumatic transport[J].Chem Eng Sci,33(6):783-786.
欧阳洁,李静海.2004.确定性颗粒轨道模型在流化床模拟中的研究进展[J].化工学报,55(10):1581-1592.Ou Y J,Li J H.2004.Advances of determinate particle-trajectory model in simulation of fluidized beds[J].CIESC J,55(10):1581-1592.(in Chinese)
武建军,罗生虎,闫光虎,等.2011.脉动风场下风沙流结构的数值模拟[J].中国沙漠,31(3):602-606.Wu J J,Luo S H,Yan GH,et al.2011.Numerical simulation on windblown sand cloud in the fluctuating wind field[J].J Desert Res,31(3):602-606.(in Chinese)
武建军,何丽红,郑晓静.2002.跃移层中沙粒浓度分布特征的研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),38(3):15-21.Wu J J,He L H,Zheng X J.2002.A study on the characteristics of the concentration profile in saltating layer[J].J Lanzhou Unversity(Nat Sci Edi),38(3):15-21.(in Chinese)
武生智,郭为进.2014.二维沙丘迎风坡沙粒跃移运动的数值模拟.[J].中国沙漠,34(2):307-311.Wu S Z,Guo W J.2014.Numerical simulation of saltation on the windward side of sand dunes[J].J Desert Res,34(2):307-311.(in Chinese)
赵国丹,亢力强,邹学勇,等.2015.稳态风沙流中沙粒体积浓度的模型分析[J].中国沙漠,35(5):1113-1119.Zhao G D,Kang LQ,Zou X Y,et al.2015.A model of particle volume concentration in steady windblown sand movement[J].J Desert Res,35(5):1113-1119.(in Chinese)
Zheng X J,Huanga N,Zhou Y.2006.The effect of electrostatic force on the evolution of sand saltation cloud[J].Eur Phys J E:Soft Matter,19(2):129-138.
郑晓静,王萍.2006.风沙流中沙粒随机运动的数值模拟研究[J].中国沙漠,26(2):184-188.Zheng X J,Wang P.2006.Numerical simulation on stochastic movement of sands in wind-blown sand[J].J Desert Res,26(2):184-188.(in Chinese)
Bagnold R A.1941.The physics of blown sand and desert dunes[M].London:Methun.
顾兆林.2010.风扬粉尘-近地层湍流与气固两相流[M].北京:科学出版社.Gu Z L.2010.Wind and dust-near-surface turbulence and gas-solid two-phase flow[M].Beijing:Science Press.
Kang L Q,Guo L J.2006.Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation of aeolian sand transport[J].Powder Technol,162(2):111-119.
Kang L Q,Guo L J,Liu D Y.2008.Reconstructing the vertical distribution of the aeolian saltation mass flux based on the probability distribution of lift-off velocity[J].Geomorphol,96(1-2):1-15.
李万清,周又和,郑晓静.2006.风沙跃移运动发展过程的离散动力学模拟[J].中国沙漠,26(1):47-53.Li W Q,Zhou Y H,Zheng X J.2006.Discrete dynamics simulation on developing process of aeolian sand saltation[J].J Desert Res,26(1):47-53.(in Chinese)
Namikas S L.2003.Field measurement and numerical modelling of aeolian mass flux distributions on a sandy beach[J].Sedimentol,50(2):303-326.
Ottjes J A.1978.Digital simulation of pneumatic transport[J].Chem Eng Sci,33(6):783-786.
欧阳洁,李静海.2004.确定性颗粒轨道模型在流化床模拟中的研究进展[J].化工学报,55(10):1581-1592.Ou Y J,Li J H.2004.Advances of determinate particle-trajectory model in simulation of fluidized beds[J].CIESC J,55(10):1581-1592.(in Chinese)
武建军,罗生虎,闫光虎,等.2011.脉动风场下风沙流结构的数值模拟[J].中国沙漠,31(3):602-606.Wu J J,Luo S H,Yan GH,et al.2011.Numerical simulation on windblown sand cloud in the fluctuating wind field[J].J Desert Res,31(3):602-606.(in Chinese)
武建军,何丽红,郑晓静.2002.跃移层中沙粒浓度分布特征的研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),38(3):15-21.Wu J J,He L H,Zheng X J.2002.A study on the characteristics of the concentration profile in saltating layer[J].J Lanzhou Unversity(Nat Sci Edi),38(3):15-21.(in Chinese)
武生智,郭为进.2014.二维沙丘迎风坡沙粒跃移运动的数值模拟.[J].中国沙漠,34(2):307-311.Wu S Z,Guo W J.2014.Numerical simulation of saltation on the windward side of sand dunes[J].J Desert Res,34(2):307-311.(in Chinese)
赵国丹,亢力强,邹学勇,等.2015.稳态风沙流中沙粒体积浓度的模型分析[J].中国沙漠,35(5):1113-1119.Zhao G D,Kang LQ,Zou X Y,et al.2015.A model of particle volume concentration in steady windblown sand movement[J].J Desert Res,35(5):1113-1119.(in Chinese)
Zheng X J,Huanga N,Zhou Y.2006.The effect of electrostatic force on the evolution of sand saltation cloud[J].Eur Phys J E:Soft Matter,19(2):129-138.
郑晓静,王萍.2006.风沙流中沙粒随机运动的数值模拟研究[J].中国沙漠,26(2):184-188.Zheng X J,Wang P.2006.Numerical simulation on stochastic movement of sands in wind-blown sand[J].J Desert Res,26(2):184-188.(in Chinese)