土地整治供给侧结构性改革与乡村重构——潜江“华山模式”实证研究
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摘要
在厘清供给侧结构性改革提出的背景、内涵基础上,运用实地观察法和深度访谈法,探讨如何通过开展土地整治助推乡村重构等问题,并以湖北省潜江的"华山模式"作为实证。结果表明:(1)需要构建"背景—手段—路径—目标"的土地整治供给侧结构性改革体系;(2)土地整治供给侧结构性改革从调结构、去库存、补短板、降成本、促融合五个方面着手,核心在于实现"劳动力、土地、资本、制度、产业、技术"六大要素的合理配置;(3)"华山模式"实现了土地流转—虾稻共作—镇企共建—市场引导—多方共赢的目标,是土地整治供给侧结构性改革助推乡村重构的成功样板。建议在实施土地整治时,应贯彻绿色理念、注意全域规划、依托科技支撑、因地制宜发展当地产业、加强制度供给等,确保土地整治助推乡村重构的有效性和持续性。
On the basis of clarifying the background and connotation of structural reform on the supply side,field observations and in-depth interviews were conducted to examine how land consolidation was used to promote the restructuring of rural areas, and the Huashan Model of Hubei Province was taken as an example.The results show that:(1) It is necessary to carry out the structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation on the basis of background-means-path-objectives;(2) The structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation include structural adjustments, reducing inventories, removing bottlenecks, reducing costs,and facilitating integration. The starting point is to realize the rational allocation of labor, land, capital,institution, industry, and technology factors;(3) The Huashan Model realizes land circulation-shrimp and rice co-production-township enterprise cooperation-market guidance-win win situation for multiple stakeholders, and has become a success case of structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation for rural restructuring. It is suggested that in the process of implementing land consolidation, it is necessary to adopt green development concepts, pay attention to regional planning, rely on scientific and technological supports, develop local industries according to the local conditions, and strengthen institutional supply, so as to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of land consolidation to promote rural restructuring.
On the basis of clarifying the background and connotation of structural reform on the supply side,field observations and in-depth interviews were conducted to examine how land consolidation was used to promote the restructuring of rural areas, and the Huashan Model of Hubei Province was taken as an example.The results show that:(1) It is necessary to carry out the structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation on the basis of background-means-path-objectives;(2) The structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation include structural adjustments, reducing inventories, removing bottlenecks, reducing costs,and facilitating integration. The starting point is to realize the rational allocation of labor, land, capital,institution, industry, and technology factors;(3) The Huashan Model realizes land circulation-shrimp and rice co-production-township enterprise cooperation-market guidance-win win situation for multiple stakeholders, and has become a success case of structural reform on the supply side of land consolidation for rural restructuring. It is suggested that in the process of implementing land consolidation, it is necessary to adopt green development concepts, pay attention to regional planning, rely on scientific and technological supports, develop local industries according to the local conditions, and strengthen institutional supply, so as to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of land consolidation to promote rural restructuring.
引文
陈凤香.2016.浅析供给侧结构性改革的背景和内容[J].经济师,(10):16-18.[Chen F X.2016.Qianxi gongjice jiegouxing gaige de beijing he neirong[J].China Economist,(10):16-18.]
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冯应斌,杨庆媛.2014.转型期中国农村土地综合整治重点领域与基本方向[J].农业工程学报,30(1):175-182.[Feng Y B,Yang Q Y.2014.Key research fields and basic directions of Chinese rural-land comprehensive consolidation in transitional period[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,30(1):175-182.]
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高向军,彭爱华,彭志宏,等.2011.农村土地综合整治存在的问题及对策[J].中国土地科学,25(3):4-8.[Gao X J,Peng A H,Peng Z H,et al.2011.Problems and countermeasures of rural land integrated consolidation[J].China Land Science,25(3):4-8.]
黄燕芬,李怡达,夏方舟.2016.土地领域供给侧结构性改革研究:基本内涵、关键问题与核心对策[J].价格理论与实践,(9):14-17.[Huang Y F,Li Y D,Xia F Z.2016.Tudi lingyu gongjice jiegouxing gaige yanjiu:Jiben neihan,guanjian wenti yu hexin duice[J].Price:Theory&Practice,(9):14-17.]
纪念改革开放40周年系列选题研究中心.2016.重点领域改革节点研判:供给侧与需求侧[J].改革,(1):35-51.[Research center of commemorating the fortieth anniversary of reform and openg up.2016.To judge key areas of reform node:Supply side and demand side[J].Reform,(1):35-51.]
姜长云.2015.日本的“六次产业化”与我国推进农村一二三产业融合发展[J].农业经济与管理,(3):5-10.[Jiang C Y.2015."The sixth-industrialization for agriculture"in Japan and promoting the industrial integration-development among rural first industry,second industry,and the third industry in China[J].Agricultural Economics and Management,(3):5-10.]
姜长云,杜志雄.2017.关于推进农业供给侧结构性改革的思考[J].南京农业大学学报:社会科学版,17(1):1-10:144.[Jiang C Y,Du Z X.2017.Thoughts on promoting supply-side structural reform of agriculture[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University:Social Sciences Edition,17(1):1-10,144.]
孔祥智.2016.农业供给侧结构性改革的基本内涵与政策建议[J].改革,(2):104-115.[Kong X Z.2016.The basic connotation and policy suggestions on the structural reform of agricultural supply side[J].Reform,(2):104-115.]
刘田喜.2015.“华山模式”的探索与启示[N/OL].农村新报,2015-06-02(2)[2018-05-26].http://ncxb.cnhubei.com/HT-ML/ncxb/20150602/ncxb2663971.html.[Liu T X.2015.“Huashan moshi”de tansuo yu qishi[N/OL].Nongcun xinbao,2015-06-02(2)[2018-05-26].http://ncxb.cnhubei.com/HTML/ncxb/20150602/ncxb2663971.html.]
刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.2009.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践[J].地理学报,64(10):1193-1202.[Liu Y S,Liu Y,Zhai R X.2009.Geographical research and optimizing practice of rural hollowing in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,64(10):1193-1202.]
刘彦随,朱琳,李玉恒.2012.转型期农村土地整治的基础理论与模式探析[J].地理科学进展,31(6):777-782.[Liu YS,Zhu L,Li Y H.2012.The essential theories and models of rural land consolidation in the transitional period of China[J].Progress in Geography,31(6):777-782.]
龙花楼.2012.论土地利用转型与乡村转型发展[J].地理科学进展,31(2):131-138.[Long H L.2012.Land use transition and rural transformation development[J].Progress in Geography,31(2):131-138.]
龙花楼.2013.论土地整治与乡村空间重构[J].地理学报,68(8):1019-1028.[Long H L.2013.Land consolidation and rural spatial restructuring[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,68(8):1019-1028.]
龙花楼,李裕瑞,刘彦随.2009.中国空心化村庄演化特征及其动力机制[J].地理学报,64(10):1203-1213.[Long H L,Li Y R,Liu Y S.2009.Analysis of evolutive characteristics and their driving mechanism of hollowing villages in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,64(10):1203-1213.]
龙花楼,屠爽爽.2017.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,72(4):563-576.[Long H L,Tu S S.2017.Rural restructuring:Theory,approach and research prospect[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,72(4):563-576.]
魏洪斌,罗明,鞠正山,等.2017.中国土地整治“十二五”研究重点评述与“十三五”研究展望[J].水土保持研究,24(2):371-377.[Wei H B,Luo M,Ju Z S,et al.2017.Progress review on land consolidation in 12th five-year plan and prospects for 13th five-year plan in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,24(2):371-377.]
许经勇.2016a.农业供给侧结构性改革的深层思考[J].学习论坛,32(6):32-35.[Xu J Y.2016a.Nongye gongjice jiegouxing gaige de shenceng sikao[J].Tribune of Study,32(6):32-35.]
许经勇.2016b.农业供给侧改革与提高要素生产率[J].吉首大学学报:社会科学版,37(3):20-25.[Xu J Y.2016b.Supply-side reform in agriculture and improvement in total factor productivity[J].Journal of Jishou University:Social Sciences,37(3):20-25.]
严金明,夏方舟,李强.2012.中国土地综合整治战略顶层设计[J].农业工程学报,28(14):1-9.[Yan J M,Xia F Z,Li Q.2012.Top strategy design of comprehensive land consolidation in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,28(14):1-9.]
杨建利,邢娇阳.2016.我国农业供给侧结构性改革研究[J].农业现代化研究,37(4):613-620.[Yang J L,Xing J Y.2016.Research on the structural reforms of agricultural supply side in China[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,37(4):613-620.]
杨伟,谢德体,廖和平,等.2013.基于高标准基本农田建设模式的农用地整治潜力分析[J].农业工程学报,29(7):219-229.[Yang W,Xie D T,Liao H P,et al.2013.Analysis of consolidation potential of agricultural land based on construction mode of high-standard basic farmland[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,29(7):219-229.]
郧宛琪,朱道林,汤怀志.2016.中国土地整治战略重塑与创新[J].农业工程学报,32(4):1-8.[Yun W Q,Zhu D L,Tang H Z.2016.Reshaping and innovation of China land consolidation strategy[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,32(4):1-8.]
张慧芳,艾天霞.2017.供需双侧结构性改革要素分析:四大引擎与三驾马车协同发力[J].社会科学辑刊,(2):29-37.[Zhang H F,Ai T X.2017.Gongxu shuangce jiegouxing gaige yaosu fenxi:Sida yinqing yu sanjia mache xietong fali[J].Social Science Journal,(2):29-37.
张勇,汪应宏,包婷婷,等.2014.土地整治研究进展综述与展望[J].上海国土资源,35(3):15-20.[Zhang Y,Wang YH,Bao T T,et al.2014.A review of the progress and direction of land consolidation research[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,35(3):15-20.]
赵明月,王仰麟,胡智超,等.2016.面向空心村综合整治的农村土地资源配置探析[J].地理科学进展,35(10):1237-1248.[Zhao M Y,Wang Y L,Hu Z C,et al.2016.Comprehensive consolidation of hollowing village oriented rural land resource allocation[J].Progress in Geography,35(10):1237-1248.]
邹利林,王占岐,王建英.2011.农村土地综合整治产业化发展盈利模式的构建[J].经济地理,31(8):1370-1374.[Zou L L,Wang Z Q,Wang J Y.2011.Construction of profit model for rural land integrated controlling industrialization[J].Economic Geography,31(8):1370-1374.]
陈文胜.2016.论中国农业供给侧结构性改革的着力点:以区域地标品牌为战略调整农业结构[J].农村经济,(11):3-7.[Chen W S.2016.Lun Zhongguo nongye gongjice jiegouxing gaige de zhuolidian:Yi quyu dibiao pinpai wei zhanlüe tiaozheng nongye jiegou[J].Rural Economy,(11):3-7.]
冯应斌,杨庆媛.2014.转型期中国农村土地综合整治重点领域与基本方向[J].农业工程学报,30(1):175-182.[Feng Y B,Yang Q Y.2014.Key research fields and basic directions of Chinese rural-land comprehensive consolidation in transitional period[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,30(1):175-182.]
冯志峰.2016.供给侧结构性改革的理论逻辑与实践路径[J].经济问题,(2):12-17.[Feng Z F.2016.On the theory logic and practice path to structural reform of the supply front[J].On Economic Problems,(2):12-17.]
高向军,彭爱华,彭志宏,等.2011.农村土地综合整治存在的问题及对策[J].中国土地科学,25(3):4-8.[Gao X J,Peng A H,Peng Z H,et al.2011.Problems and countermeasures of rural land integrated consolidation[J].China Land Science,25(3):4-8.]
黄燕芬,李怡达,夏方舟.2016.土地领域供给侧结构性改革研究:基本内涵、关键问题与核心对策[J].价格理论与实践,(9):14-17.[Huang Y F,Li Y D,Xia F Z.2016.Tudi lingyu gongjice jiegouxing gaige yanjiu:Jiben neihan,guanjian wenti yu hexin duice[J].Price:Theory&Practice,(9):14-17.]
纪念改革开放40周年系列选题研究中心.2016.重点领域改革节点研判:供给侧与需求侧[J].改革,(1):35-51.[Research center of commemorating the fortieth anniversary of reform and openg up.2016.To judge key areas of reform node:Supply side and demand side[J].Reform,(1):35-51.]
姜长云.2015.日本的“六次产业化”与我国推进农村一二三产业融合发展[J].农业经济与管理,(3):5-10.[Jiang C Y.2015."The sixth-industrialization for agriculture"in Japan and promoting the industrial integration-development among rural first industry,second industry,and the third industry in China[J].Agricultural Economics and Management,(3):5-10.]
姜长云,杜志雄.2017.关于推进农业供给侧结构性改革的思考[J].南京农业大学学报:社会科学版,17(1):1-10:144.[Jiang C Y,Du Z X.2017.Thoughts on promoting supply-side structural reform of agriculture[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University:Social Sciences Edition,17(1):1-10,144.]
孔祥智.2016.农业供给侧结构性改革的基本内涵与政策建议[J].改革,(2):104-115.[Kong X Z.2016.The basic connotation and policy suggestions on the structural reform of agricultural supply side[J].Reform,(2):104-115.]
刘田喜.2015.“华山模式”的探索与启示[N/OL].农村新报,2015-06-02(2)[2018-05-26].http://ncxb.cnhubei.com/HT-ML/ncxb/20150602/ncxb2663971.html.[Liu T X.2015.“Huashan moshi”de tansuo yu qishi[N/OL].Nongcun xinbao,2015-06-02(2)[2018-05-26].http://ncxb.cnhubei.com/HTML/ncxb/20150602/ncxb2663971.html.]
刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.2009.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践[J].地理学报,64(10):1193-1202.[Liu Y S,Liu Y,Zhai R X.2009.Geographical research and optimizing practice of rural hollowing in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,64(10):1193-1202.]
刘彦随,朱琳,李玉恒.2012.转型期农村土地整治的基础理论与模式探析[J].地理科学进展,31(6):777-782.[Liu YS,Zhu L,Li Y H.2012.The essential theories and models of rural land consolidation in the transitional period of China[J].Progress in Geography,31(6):777-782.]
龙花楼.2012.论土地利用转型与乡村转型发展[J].地理科学进展,31(2):131-138.[Long H L.2012.Land use transition and rural transformation development[J].Progress in Geography,31(2):131-138.]
龙花楼.2013.论土地整治与乡村空间重构[J].地理学报,68(8):1019-1028.[Long H L.2013.Land consolidation and rural spatial restructuring[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,68(8):1019-1028.]
龙花楼,李裕瑞,刘彦随.2009.中国空心化村庄演化特征及其动力机制[J].地理学报,64(10):1203-1213.[Long H L,Li Y R,Liu Y S.2009.Analysis of evolutive characteristics and their driving mechanism of hollowing villages in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,64(10):1203-1213.]
龙花楼,屠爽爽.2017.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,72(4):563-576.[Long H L,Tu S S.2017.Rural restructuring:Theory,approach and research prospect[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,72(4):563-576.]
魏洪斌,罗明,鞠正山,等.2017.中国土地整治“十二五”研究重点评述与“十三五”研究展望[J].水土保持研究,24(2):371-377.[Wei H B,Luo M,Ju Z S,et al.2017.Progress review on land consolidation in 12th five-year plan and prospects for 13th five-year plan in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,24(2):371-377.]
许经勇.2016a.农业供给侧结构性改革的深层思考[J].学习论坛,32(6):32-35.[Xu J Y.2016a.Nongye gongjice jiegouxing gaige de shenceng sikao[J].Tribune of Study,32(6):32-35.]
许经勇.2016b.农业供给侧改革与提高要素生产率[J].吉首大学学报:社会科学版,37(3):20-25.[Xu J Y.2016b.Supply-side reform in agriculture and improvement in total factor productivity[J].Journal of Jishou University:Social Sciences,37(3):20-25.]
严金明,夏方舟,李强.2012.中国土地综合整治战略顶层设计[J].农业工程学报,28(14):1-9.[Yan J M,Xia F Z,Li Q.2012.Top strategy design of comprehensive land consolidation in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,28(14):1-9.]
杨建利,邢娇阳.2016.我国农业供给侧结构性改革研究[J].农业现代化研究,37(4):613-620.[Yang J L,Xing J Y.2016.Research on the structural reforms of agricultural supply side in China[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,37(4):613-620.]
杨伟,谢德体,廖和平,等.2013.基于高标准基本农田建设模式的农用地整治潜力分析[J].农业工程学报,29(7):219-229.[Yang W,Xie D T,Liao H P,et al.2013.Analysis of consolidation potential of agricultural land based on construction mode of high-standard basic farmland[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,29(7):219-229.]
郧宛琪,朱道林,汤怀志.2016.中国土地整治战略重塑与创新[J].农业工程学报,32(4):1-8.[Yun W Q,Zhu D L,Tang H Z.2016.Reshaping and innovation of China land consolidation strategy[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,32(4):1-8.]
张慧芳,艾天霞.2017.供需双侧结构性改革要素分析:四大引擎与三驾马车协同发力[J].社会科学辑刊,(2):29-37.[Zhang H F,Ai T X.2017.Gongxu shuangce jiegouxing gaige yaosu fenxi:Sida yinqing yu sanjia mache xietong fali[J].Social Science Journal,(2):29-37.
张勇,汪应宏,包婷婷,等.2014.土地整治研究进展综述与展望[J].上海国土资源,35(3):15-20.[Zhang Y,Wang YH,Bao T T,et al.2014.A review of the progress and direction of land consolidation research[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,35(3):15-20.]
赵明月,王仰麟,胡智超,等.2016.面向空心村综合整治的农村土地资源配置探析[J].地理科学进展,35(10):1237-1248.[Zhao M Y,Wang Y L,Hu Z C,et al.2016.Comprehensive consolidation of hollowing village oriented rural land resource allocation[J].Progress in Geography,35(10):1237-1248.]
邹利林,王占岐,王建英.2011.农村土地综合整治产业化发展盈利模式的构建[J].经济地理,31(8):1370-1374.[Zou L L,Wang Z Q,Wang J Y.2011.Construction of profit model for rural land integrated controlling industrialization[J].Economic Geography,31(8):1370-1374.]