2015年甘肃省棘球蚴病流行现状调查
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摘要
目的了解2015年甘肃省棘球蚴病流行现状、评估防治效果,为进一步制定该地区的防治策略和措施提供依据。方法甘肃省56个棘球蚴病流行县中,每县随机抽取2个乡、每乡随机抽取2个村,开展6～12岁儿童血清阳性率和犬粪抗原阳性率调查,于屠宰季节开展流行县家畜感染率调查;用SPSS 20.0软件统计分析调查数据。结果儿童棘球蚴血清阳性率为1.06(103/9 743),以县为单位儿童血清阳性率0.00～7.00%;儿童血清阳性率女性(1.29%,57/4 434)高于男性(0.87%,46/5 309),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.057,P<0.05);血清阳性率6岁儿童最低(0.51%),12岁儿童最高(1.52%),不同年龄差异无统计学意义(χ~2=9.509,P>0.05);棘球绦虫犬粪抗原阳性率为2.03%(115/5 654),以县为单位犬粪抗原阳性率0.00～14.00%;牛感染率0.43%(5/1 153),羊感染率0.68%(68/10 023),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.955,P>0.05);家畜总感染率为0.65%,以县为单位家畜患病率0.00～5.50%,最高为环县和敦煌市(均为5.50%)。结论甘肃省棘球蚴病流行程度明显减轻,但各县(区)间差异明显,部分县(区)疫情仍然较重;今后应根据不同的流行情况采取因地制宜、分类指导的防治策略。
Objective To know epidemic situation of echinococcosis in Gansu province in 2015, evaluate the effect of prevention and control and provide basis for formulating measurement and strategy of prevention and control. Methods There were 2 townships randomly selected in each county among 56 epidemic counties, and 2 villages were randomly selected in each selected towns. Serum positive rate of children aged 6-12 years and positive rate of canine coproantigen were investigated. The infection rate of livestock was investigated during the slaughter period in each epidemic county. Data of the investigation were statistically analyzed through SPSS 20.0. Results The children aged 6-12 years were investigated with serum positive rate of echinococcosis of 1.06%(103/9 743) and the rates by counties were from 0.00 to 7.00%. The serum positive rate of the female(1.29%, 57/4 434) was higher than that of the male(0.87%, 46/5 309) with statistical difference(χ~2=4.057,P<0.05). The serum positive rate of children aged 6 years was the lowest(0.51%) and the highest(1.52%) of children aged12 years; there was no statistical difference among ages of children(χ~2=9.509, P>0.05). Totally 5 654 canine feces were collected with coproantigen positive rate of 2.03%(115/5 654) and the rates by counties were from 0.00 to 14.00%. In slaughtered livestock, the infection rate was 0.43%(5/1 153) of cattle, and 0.68%(68/10 023) of sheep, with out statistical difference(χ~2=0.955, P>0.05) between cattle and sheep. The total infection rate of slaughtered livestock was 0.65% and by counties were from 0.00 to 5.50% with the highest in Huan county and Dunhuang city(both 5.50%). Conclusions The epidemic intensity of echinococcosis greatly declines in Gansu province, but there are great differences in prevalence of echinococcosis among different counties and the epidemic status is still serous in part of them. Different strategies of prevention and control and classification guidance should be taken according to local epidemic conditions.
Objective To know epidemic situation of echinococcosis in Gansu province in 2015, evaluate the effect of prevention and control and provide basis for formulating measurement and strategy of prevention and control. Methods There were 2 townships randomly selected in each county among 56 epidemic counties, and 2 villages were randomly selected in each selected towns. Serum positive rate of children aged 6-12 years and positive rate of canine coproantigen were investigated. The infection rate of livestock was investigated during the slaughter period in each epidemic county. Data of the investigation were statistically analyzed through SPSS 20.0. Results The children aged 6-12 years were investigated with serum positive rate of echinococcosis of 1.06%(103/9 743) and the rates by counties were from 0.00 to 7.00%. The serum positive rate of the female(1.29%, 57/4 434) was higher than that of the male(0.87%, 46/5 309) with statistical difference(χ~2=4.057,P<0.05). The serum positive rate of children aged 6 years was the lowest(0.51%) and the highest(1.52%) of children aged12 years; there was no statistical difference among ages of children(χ~2=9.509, P>0.05). Totally 5 654 canine feces were collected with coproantigen positive rate of 2.03%(115/5 654) and the rates by counties were from 0.00 to 14.00%. In slaughtered livestock, the infection rate was 0.43%(5/1 153) of cattle, and 0.68%(68/10 023) of sheep, with out statistical difference(χ~2=0.955, P>0.05) between cattle and sheep. The total infection rate of slaughtered livestock was 0.65% and by counties were from 0.00 to 5.50% with the highest in Huan county and Dunhuang city(both 5.50%). Conclusions The epidemic intensity of echinococcosis greatly declines in Gansu province, but there are great differences in prevalence of echinococcosis among different counties and the epidemic status is still serous in part of them. Different strategies of prevention and control and classification guidance should be taken according to local epidemic conditions.
引文
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[8]牛彦麟,伍卫平,官亚宜,等.2015年西藏措美县野外棘球绦虫犬粪污染调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2016,34(2):137-143.
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[11]冯宇,王东,李凡,等.495例棘球蚴病病例特征分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(1):55-58.
[12]张晓芸,杨爱霞.肃南县牧区儿童血清包虫病IgG抗体监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2012,27(3):68-69.
[13]牛彦麟,伍卫平.棘球绦虫终宿主粪便污染分布特征及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2016,34(1):70-74.
[14]赵江山,侯岩岩,茹孜古丽·朱马红,等.不同生产方式条件下新疆家犬细粒棘球绦虫感染情况调查分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2014,29(6):40-41.
[15]张旭,张壮志,石保新,等.细粒棘球绦虫感染终末宿主检测方法的评价[J].畜牧与兽医,2015,47(5):101-104.
[2]王国强.全国包虫病流行情况调查[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2016.
[3]YANG S J,WU W P,TIAN T,et al.Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered sheep as an indicator to assess control progress in Emin County,Xinjiang,China[J].Korean J Parasitol,2015,53(3):355-359.
[4]余大为,丁国武,侯言东,等.甘肃省细粒棘球蚴病聚类分析[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2015,33(4):280-282.
[5]王建国,张丑吉.甘肃省包虫病流行概况[J].地方病通报,2000,15(1):38-40.
[6]何伟,尚婧晔,黄燕,等.2007—2013年四川省包虫病疫情监测结果分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2016,32(1):83-85.
[7]吴向林,吴丽文,赵建华.宁夏回族自治区2012年儿童棘球蚴病血清学调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2015,33(3):239-240.
[8]牛彦麟,伍卫平,官亚宜,等.2015年西藏措美县野外棘球绦虫犬粪污染调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2016,34(2):137-143.
[9]YANG Y R,CRAIG P S,VUITTON D A,et al.Serological prevalence of echinococcosis and risk factors for infection among children in rural communities of southern Ningxia,China[J].Trop Med Int Health,2008,13(8):1086-1094.
[10]侯岩岩,赵江山.新疆6~12岁学生包虫病血清学调查分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2014,29(6):4-5,12.
[11]冯宇,王东,李凡,等.495例棘球蚴病病例特征分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(1):55-58.
[12]张晓芸,杨爱霞.肃南县牧区儿童血清包虫病IgG抗体监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2012,27(3):68-69.
[13]牛彦麟,伍卫平.棘球绦虫终宿主粪便污染分布特征及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2016,34(1):70-74.
[14]赵江山,侯岩岩,茹孜古丽·朱马红,等.不同生产方式条件下新疆家犬细粒棘球绦虫感染情况调查分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2014,29(6):40-41.
[15]张旭,张壮志,石保新,等.细粒棘球绦虫感染终末宿主检测方法的评价[J].畜牧与兽医,2015,47(5):101-104.