辣木籽去除水中余氯研究
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摘要
研究辣木籽(Moringaseed)去除水中余氯效果,为水净化处理实际应用提供科技支撑。用超纯水溶解含氯消毒片(有效氯含量为800～900 mg/片)制备含氯水,总余氯起始浓度分别为1、2、4 mg/L,其中游离余氯为0.94、1.94、3.91mg/L,化合余氯为0.06、0.06、0.09mg/L。每一总余氯浓度设3试验组和1对照组。其中试验组分别加入0.16、0.80、4.00g/L的辣木籽水提液50mL,对照组加入纯水50mL。计算反应时间0.5、2、4、24h各水样中游离余氯、总余氯和化合余氯的浓度。结果表明:辣木籽水提液对游离余氯去除效果明显,0.80g/L辣木籽水提液对总余氯浓度4mg/L的水有良好的净化效果,且游离余氯去除率达90%;在处理过程中,化合余氯浓度先升高后降低,升高程度与余氯浓度呈正相关性;4.00g/L水提液对较低余氯浓度水体的化合余氯去除率达99%,但处理余氯浓度高的水体时会使化合余氯含量升高。需要进一步研究的问题是在去除过程中化合余氯浓度在一段时间内增高、辣木籽净水活性成分的提取工艺和与其他净水方法协同处理废水技术等。
The removal efficiency of residual chlorine from water by Moringa oleifera seeds was investigated to provide technological support for practical applications.Chlorine-containing water was prepared by dissolving chlorine disinfection tablets(effective chlorine content,800-900mg/tablet)in ultra-pure water to give initial residual chlorine concentrations of 1,2and 4mg/L,with free chlorine of 0.94,1.94and3.91mg/L and combined chlorine of 0.06,0.06 and 0.09mg/L.Each chlorine concentration was prepared in triplicate,along with a control.M.oleifera seed extract was prepared at three strengths,0.16,0.80 and 4.00g/L,and 50 mL of each strength was added to one the three replicates of each chlorine group,with 50 mL pure water was added to the control group.After reacting for 0.5,2,4and 24 hours,the concentrations of free,total and combined residual chlorine were determined.Free residual chlorine was almost completely removed by M.oleiferaseed extract and the removal rate in the residual chlorine concentration group of 4mg/L was 90% with the 0.80g/L extract.After adding the extract,the concentration of combined residual chlorine initially increased and then decreased and the increase was positively correlated with residual chlorine concentration.The removal extent of combined residual chlorine in the low residual chlorine concentration group(1mg/L)was 99%by 4.00g/L seed extract,while the concentration of combined residual chlorine increased for the higher residual chlorine concentration group.Future research should focus on solving the problem of initial increase in combined residual chlorine concentration,improving the extraction process of M.oleifera seeds and developing synergistic technologies for wastewater treatment and water purification.
The removal efficiency of residual chlorine from water by Moringa oleifera seeds was investigated to provide technological support for practical applications.Chlorine-containing water was prepared by dissolving chlorine disinfection tablets(effective chlorine content,800-900mg/tablet)in ultra-pure water to give initial residual chlorine concentrations of 1,2and 4mg/L,with free chlorine of 0.94,1.94and3.91mg/L and combined chlorine of 0.06,0.06 and 0.09mg/L.Each chlorine concentration was prepared in triplicate,along with a control.M.oleifera seed extract was prepared at three strengths,0.16,0.80 and 4.00g/L,and 50 mL of each strength was added to one the three replicates of each chlorine group,with 50 mL pure water was added to the control group.After reacting for 0.5,2,4and 24 hours,the concentrations of free,total and combined residual chlorine were determined.Free residual chlorine was almost completely removed by M.oleiferaseed extract and the removal rate in the residual chlorine concentration group of 4mg/L was 90% with the 0.80g/L extract.After adding the extract,the concentration of combined residual chlorine initially increased and then decreased and the increase was positively correlated with residual chlorine concentration.The removal extent of combined residual chlorine in the low residual chlorine concentration group(1mg/L)was 99%by 4.00g/L seed extract,while the concentration of combined residual chlorine increased for the higher residual chlorine concentration group.Future research should focus on solving the problem of initial increase in combined residual chlorine concentration,improving the extraction process of M.oleifera seeds and developing synergistic technologies for wastewater treatment and water purification.
引文
曹瑞钰,1995.氯消毒机理、危害及脱氯[J].中国给水排水,11(4):36-39.
迪卡罗(Helder P.De Carvalho),2015.电絮凝/辣木籽吸附耦合技术在分批系统中处理染料废水的研究[D].长春:吉林大学.
丁志斌,江作义,1997.活性炭脱除水中余氯的试验研究[J].工业水处理,17(1):28-30.
葛元新,2007.饮用水含氯消毒工艺中副产物的生成及影响因素研究[D].上海:同济大学.
何振坤,2011.水处理活性炭去除余氯能力探讨[J].产业与科技论坛,23(10):67.
江志兵,廖一波,高爱根,等,2009.余氯对鱼类毒性影响的研究进展[J].海洋学研究,27(4):86-94.
李宇亮,刘建,李敏,等,2010.载铁(Fe2+)螯合树脂去除饮用水中余氯的性能研究[J].应用化工,(8):1123-1126.
罗云霞,陆斌,石卓功,2006.辣木的特性与价值及其在云南引种发展的景况[J].西部林业科学,(4):137-140.
马红娜,2005.改性树脂制备及其去除饮用供水中余氯机理与工艺研究[D].西安:长安大学.
马李一,王有琼,张重权,等,2013.辣木种子天然絮凝活性成分研究[J].广东农业科学,40(21):103-107.
彭磊,田洋,解静,王书芬,2015.世界辣木发展现状及市场前景分析[J].世界农业,(9):143-146.
商丹红,2004.饮用水中消毒副产物及其检测方法的研究[D].南京:南京理工大学.
唐义,2016.辣木物候观察及常规性状的研究[D].广州:华南农业大学.
帖靖玺,邵天元,田欣,等,2014.辣木籽粕粗提液对水中浊度及水质的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,48(2):214-218.
王子石,秦钰惠,1985.GB5749-85生活饮用水水质标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社.
徐祥宽,1998.氯消毒饮水与癌症关系的病例对照研究[J].环境与健康,5(4):26-29.
曾江宁,陈全震,郑平,等,2005.余氯对水生生物的影响[J].生态学报,(10):2717-2724.
张饮江,王聪,刘晓培,等,2012.天然植物辣木籽对水体净化作用的研究[J].合肥工业大学学报,35(2):262-267.
郑志宏,陈东光,帖靖玺,2016.辣木籽在水处理中的应用进展[J].技术与市场,23(5):132-134.
周曼舒,骆蓓菁,严铭,等,2017.辣木籽提取液去除水中4种重金属的研究[J].水处理技术,43(5):68-71.
Bichi M H,2013.A Review of the Applications of Moringa oleifera Seeds Extract in Water Treatment[J].Civil&Environmental Research.
Broin M,Santaella C,Cuine S,et al,2002.Flocculent activity of a recombinant protein from Moring oleifera Lam seeds[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,60(1):114-119.
Kwaambwa H M,Maikokera R,2007.A fluorescence spectroscopic study of a coagulating protein extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds[J].Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces,60(2):213-220.
Okuda T,Baes A U,Nishijima W,et al,2001.Isolation and characterisation of coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed by salt solution[J].Water Res,35:405-410.
Preston K,Lantagne D,Kotlarz N,et al,2010.Turbidity and chlorine demand reduction using alum and moringa flocculation before household chlorination in developing countries.[J].Journal of Water&Health,8(8):60-70.
Suleyman A,Muyibi,CharlesA,Okuofu,1996.Softening hard well waters with Moringa oleifera seed extracts[J].International Journal of Environmental Studies,50(3-4):247-257.
迪卡罗(Helder P.De Carvalho),2015.电絮凝/辣木籽吸附耦合技术在分批系统中处理染料废水的研究[D].长春:吉林大学.
丁志斌,江作义,1997.活性炭脱除水中余氯的试验研究[J].工业水处理,17(1):28-30.
葛元新,2007.饮用水含氯消毒工艺中副产物的生成及影响因素研究[D].上海:同济大学.
何振坤,2011.水处理活性炭去除余氯能力探讨[J].产业与科技论坛,23(10):67.
江志兵,廖一波,高爱根,等,2009.余氯对鱼类毒性影响的研究进展[J].海洋学研究,27(4):86-94.
李宇亮,刘建,李敏,等,2010.载铁(Fe2+)螯合树脂去除饮用水中余氯的性能研究[J].应用化工,(8):1123-1126.
罗云霞,陆斌,石卓功,2006.辣木的特性与价值及其在云南引种发展的景况[J].西部林业科学,(4):137-140.
马红娜,2005.改性树脂制备及其去除饮用供水中余氯机理与工艺研究[D].西安:长安大学.
马李一,王有琼,张重权,等,2013.辣木种子天然絮凝活性成分研究[J].广东农业科学,40(21):103-107.
彭磊,田洋,解静,王书芬,2015.世界辣木发展现状及市场前景分析[J].世界农业,(9):143-146.
商丹红,2004.饮用水中消毒副产物及其检测方法的研究[D].南京:南京理工大学.
唐义,2016.辣木物候观察及常规性状的研究[D].广州:华南农业大学.
帖靖玺,邵天元,田欣,等,2014.辣木籽粕粗提液对水中浊度及水质的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,48(2):214-218.
王子石,秦钰惠,1985.GB5749-85生活饮用水水质标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社.
徐祥宽,1998.氯消毒饮水与癌症关系的病例对照研究[J].环境与健康,5(4):26-29.
曾江宁,陈全震,郑平,等,2005.余氯对水生生物的影响[J].生态学报,(10):2717-2724.
张饮江,王聪,刘晓培,等,2012.天然植物辣木籽对水体净化作用的研究[J].合肥工业大学学报,35(2):262-267.
郑志宏,陈东光,帖靖玺,2016.辣木籽在水处理中的应用进展[J].技术与市场,23(5):132-134.
周曼舒,骆蓓菁,严铭,等,2017.辣木籽提取液去除水中4种重金属的研究[J].水处理技术,43(5):68-71.
Bichi M H,2013.A Review of the Applications of Moringa oleifera Seeds Extract in Water Treatment[J].Civil&Environmental Research.
Broin M,Santaella C,Cuine S,et al,2002.Flocculent activity of a recombinant protein from Moring oleifera Lam seeds[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,60(1):114-119.
Kwaambwa H M,Maikokera R,2007.A fluorescence spectroscopic study of a coagulating protein extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds[J].Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces,60(2):213-220.
Okuda T,Baes A U,Nishijima W,et al,2001.Isolation and characterisation of coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed by salt solution[J].Water Res,35:405-410.
Preston K,Lantagne D,Kotlarz N,et al,2010.Turbidity and chlorine demand reduction using alum and moringa flocculation before household chlorination in developing countries.[J].Journal of Water&Health,8(8):60-70.
Suleyman A,Muyibi,CharlesA,Okuofu,1996.Softening hard well waters with Moringa oleifera seed extracts[J].International Journal of Environmental Studies,50(3-4):247-257.